Information on EC 1.1.1.11 - D-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase:
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EC NUMBERCOMMENTARY
1.1.1.11-

RECOMMENDED NAMEGeneOntology No.
D-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenaseGO:0047813

REACTIONREACTION DIAGRAMCOMMENTARYORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.LITERATURE
D-arabinitol + NAD+ = D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		----

REACTION TYPEORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
oxidation----
redox reaction----
reduction----

PATHWAYKEGG LinkMetaCyc Link
D-arabitol degradation-DARABITOLUTIL-PWY

SYSTEMATIC NAMEIUBMB Comments
D-arabinitol:NAD+ 4-oxidoreductase-

SYNONYMSORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
aArDHGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082
arabitol dehydrogenase----
D-arabitol dehydrogenase----
D-arabitol dehydrogenaseEscherichia coli--670549
D-xylulose-forming D-arabitol dehydrogenaseGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082
dehydrogenase, D-arabinitol----

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERCOMMENTARY
9028-18-6-

ORGANISMCOMMENTARYLITERATURESEQUENCE CODESEQUENCE DB SOURCE
Candida albicansstrain B331, WO-1, 1006, 10019565--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Candida albicans B331strain B331, WO-1, 1006, 10019565--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Candida tropicalis-285753, 9566--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Enterobacter aerogenesi.e. Klebsiella pneumoniae, gene expression in Escherichia coli K12285747--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Enterobacter aerogenesstrain P14 (guanine auxotroph), derived from strain 1033285751--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Enterobacter aerogenesstrain PRL-R3285748, 285749, 285750--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Escherichia colistrain C670549--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gluconobacter oxydans-701082--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gluconobacter oxydans-701082Q308C1UniProtManually annotated by BRENDA team
Klebsiella pneumoniae PRL-R3strain PRL-R3285748--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Scheffersomyces stipitisstrain CBS 6054285754--Manually annotated by BRENDA team

GENERAL INFORMATIONORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
No entries in this field

SUBSTRATEPRODUCT                      REACTION DIAGRAMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY/
Substrate		 LITERATURE/
Substrate		 COMMENTARY/
Product		 LITERATURE/
Product		 Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Candida albicans--9565-9565?
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis--9566-9566?
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis--285753-285753?
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Scheffersomyces stipitis-recombinant protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae285754-285754?
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285747---
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285748-285748-
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285749--r
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285750-285750r
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285751-285751r
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--r
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Scheffersomyces stipitis-D-arabitol i.e. D-arabinitol285754-285754-
D-arabitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1is the optimal substrate for aArDH701082--r
D-fructose + NADH + H+D-mannitol + NAD+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--?
D-glucitol + NAD+?
show the reaction diagram		Scheffersomyces stipitis-recombinant protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and enzyme from Pichia stipitis285754--?
D-mannitol + NAD+D-fructose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285747--?
D-mannitol + NAD+D-fructose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285751-285751?
D-mannitol + NAD+D-fructose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--?
D-sorbitol + NAD+L-sorbose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--?
D-xylulose + NADH + H+D-arabitol + NAD+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--r
ethanol + NAD+acetaldehyde + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--?
Galactitol + NAD+?
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis--285753--?
Galactitol + NAD+?
show the reaction diagram		Scheffersomyces stipitis-recombinant protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae285754--?
Galactitol + NAD+?
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis-1.6% activity9566--?
glycerol + NAD+dihydroxyactone + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--?
L-Xylulose + NADH?
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis-3% activity9566--?
ribitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--?
Xylitol + NAD+?
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis--285753--?
Xylitol + NAD+?
show the reaction diagram		Scheffersomyces stipitis-recombinant protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and enzyme from Pichia stipitis285754--?
Xylitol + NAD+?
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis-5% activity9566--?
xylitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--?
meso-erythritol NAD+? + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082--?
additional information?-Scheffersomyces stipitis-D-arabinitol dehydrogenases (ArDH) from fungi and yeast oxidize D-arabinitol to D-ribulose, whereas bacterial ArDH oxidizes D-arabinitol to D-xylulose285754---
additional information?-Candida tropicalis-no activity with D-mannitol9566---
additional information?-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1both purified native and recombinant aArDH do not accept L-arabitol as substrate701082---
additional information?-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1no substrate: L-arabinitol701082---

NATURAL SUBSTRATESNATURAL PRODUCTSREACTION DIAGRAMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARY SUBSTRATELITERATURE
(Substrate)		COMMENTARY PRODUCTLITERATURE
(Product)
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Candida albicans--9565-9565
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis--9566-9566
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Candida tropicalis--285753-285753
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-ribulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Scheffersomyces stipitis-recombinant protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae285754-285754
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285747--
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285748-285748
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285749--
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285750-285750
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Enterobacter aerogenes--285751-285751
D-arabinitol + NAD+D-xylulose + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram		Scheffersomyces stipitis-D-arabitol i.e. D-arabinitol285754-285754
additional information?-Scheffersomyces stipitis-D-arabinitol dehydrogenases (ArDH) from fungi and yeast oxidize D-arabinitol to D-ribulose, whereas bacterial ArDH oxidizes D-arabinitol to D-xylulose285754--

COFACTORORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATUREIMAGE
NAD+Enterobacter aerogenes--285747, 285748, 285749, 285750, 285751 2D-image
NAD+Candida tropicalis--285753, 9566 2D-image
NAD+Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1aArDH prefers NAD+ to NADP+ as coenzyme; NAD+ is preferred over NADP+701082 2D-image
NADHEnterobacter aerogenes--285749, 285750, 285751 2D-image
NADHCandida tropicalis--285753, 9566 2D-image
NADP+Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; NAD+ is preferred over NADP+701082 2D-image
additional informationEnterobacter aerogenes-no activity with NADPH285749, 285751-
additional informationScheffersomyces stipitis-no activity with NADPH285754-

METALS and IONS ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARY LITERATURE
Ba2+Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1up to 200 mM, 2fold increase in activity701082
Ca2+Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1up to 200 mM, 2fold increase in activity701082
Mg2+Candida tropicalis-1-5 mM increases activity about 50%, also enhances stability9566
additional informationScheffersomyces stipitis-no divalent cations are required for activity285754
additional informationGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1not stimulatory: Mn2+, Ni2+, Mg2+701082

INHIBITORSORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
1,10-phenanthrolineEnterobacter aerogenes-2 mM, 37% inhibition285751 2D-image
2,2'-dipyridylEnterobacter aerogenes-2 mM, 19% inhibition285751 2D-image
Cu2+Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C110 mM, complete inhibition. Activity can partly be restored by addition of EDTA701082 2D-image
CuSO4Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1inactivates aArDH activity, which is restored by 80% by addition of 100 mM EDTA at pH 8.0701082 2D-image
diethyldithiocarbamateEnterobacter aerogenes-10 mM, 28% inhibition285751 2D-image
Zn2+Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1up to 200 mM, slight inhibition701082 2D-image

ACTIVATING COMPOUNDORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
D-ArabitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1inducer701082 2D-image

KM VALUE [mM]KM VALUE [mM] MaximumSUBSTRATEORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
3.5-D-ArabinitolEnterobacter aerogenes--285751 2D-image
4.5-D-ArabinitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
20-D-ArabinitolEnterobacter aerogenes--285747 2D-image
20-D-ArabinitolScheffersomyces stipitis--285754 2D-image
39.8-D-ArabinitolCandida tropicalis--9566 2D-image
4.5-D-ArabitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082 2D-image
6.1-D-MannitolEnterobacter aerogenes--285751 2D-image
70-D-MannitolEnterobacter aerogenes--285747 2D-image
78.5-D-MannitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
127.3-D-SorbitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
1.14-D-xyluloseEnterobacter aerogenes--285750 2D-image
2-D-xyluloseEnterobacter aerogenes--285749 2D-image
133.6-glycerolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
0.04-NAD+Enterobacter aerogenes--285747 2D-image
0.12-NAD+Candida tropicalis--9566 2D-image
0.2-NAD+Scheffersomyces stipitis--285754 2D-image
0.036-NADHEnterobacter aerogenes--285749, 285750 2D-image
242.8-ribitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
18.5-xylitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082 2D-image
177.2-xylitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image

TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s] TURNOVER NUMBER MAXIMUM[1/s] SUBSTRATEORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
876-D-ArabinitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
876-D-ArabitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1-701082 2D-image
35.3-D-MannitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
19.7-D-SorbitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
16.3-glycerolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
13.4-ribitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image
177.2-xylitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1; pH 8.5, 25°C701082 2D-image

kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1] MaximumSUBSTRATEORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
194.7-D-ArabinitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C7010829091
0.45-D-MannitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C7010829272
0.15-D-SorbitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C7010829368
0.12-glycerolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C70108211074
0.06-ribitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C70108216188
9.58-xylitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C70108217917

Ki VALUE [mM]Ki VALUE [mM] MaximumINHIBITORORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
No entries in this field

IC50 VALUE [mM]IC50 VALUE [mM] MaximumINHIBITORORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
No entries in this field

SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg] SPECIFIC ACTIVITY MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
0.14-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1crude extract701082
0.17-Candida albicans-lysates of Escherichia coli, transformed with enzyme gene9565
0.2-Scheffersomyces stipitis-D-xylulose, of recombinant protein285754
0.37-Candida albicans-lysates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, transformed with enzyme gene9565
0.55-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with meso-erythritol as substrate701082
0.78-Scheffersomyces stipitis--285754
0.87-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with ethanol as substrate701082
1.5-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with ribitol as substrate701082
2.1-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with glycerol as substrate701082
2.5-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with D-fructose as substrate701082
2.8-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with D-sorbitol as substrate701082
4.2-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with D-mannitol as substrate701082
7.5-Enterobacter aerogenes--285751
12.6-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with xylitol as substrate701082
16.4-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH with D-xylulose as substrate701082
16.66-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1119fold purified enzyme701082
37.1-Enterobacter aerogenes--285747
56-Enterobacter aerogenes--285750
68.25-Scheffersomyces stipitis-D-arabinitol, of recombinant protein285754
68.5-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1pH 8.5, 25°C; recombinant aArDH with 100 mM D-arabitol as substrate701082
96-Candida tropicalis--9566
187-Candida tropicalis-of recombinant protein285753
additional information-Enterobacter aerogenes-grown on medium with D-arabinitol, specific activity of crude cell extract: 1.13-3.47285748

pH OPTIMUMpH MAXIMUMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARYLITERATURE
5.5-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1optimum for ketone reduction701082
6.5-Candida tropicalis-optimal activity, reduction9566
7-Enterobacter aerogenes--285749, 285750
8.5-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1optimum for polyol oxidation; optimum pH for oxidation is 8.5, with 0.7% and 5.6% of the maximum activity at pH 5.0 and 14, respectively. Optimal pH for reduction is 5.5, with 2 and 10% of the maximum activity at pH 4.5 and 8.0701082
9-Enterobacter aerogenes-D-arabinitol, D-mannitol285751

pH RANGEpH RANGE MAXIMUMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
68.5Enterobacter aerogenes-pH 6.0: about 60% of maximum activity, pH 8.5: about 60% of activity maximum285750
7.510Enterobacter aerogenes-at pH 7.5 and 10.0 about 50% relative activity, D-arabinitol285751
1011Candida tropicalis-enzyme activity increases with increasing pH, measurements above pH 11.0 not feasible9566

TEMPERATURE OPTIMUMTEMPERATURE OPTIMUM MAXIMUMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
25-Enterobacter aerogenes-enzyme assay at285748
28-Enterobacter aerogenes-enzyme assay at285747
30-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1optimal temperature for oxidation is at 30°C, with 2% of the maximum activity at 50°C701082

TEMPERATURE RANGE TEMPERATURE MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
3050Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1optimal temperature for oxidation is at 30°C, with 2% of the maximum activity at 50°C701082

pI VALUEpI VALUE MAXIMUMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
5.88-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1isoelectric focusing701082
5.9-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1isoelectric focusing701082

SOURCE TISSUE ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE SOURCE
No entries in this field

LOCALIZATION ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY GeneOntology No. LITERATURE SOURCE
No entries in this field

PDBSCOPCATHORGANISM
No entries in this field

MOLECULAR WEIGHT MOLECULAR WEIGHT MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
43000-Enterobacter aerogenes-gel filtration, ultracentrifugation285747
44000-Enterobacter aerogenes-sedimentation equilibrium285747
46000-Enterobacter aerogenes-calculated from amino acid composition285747
110000-Scheffersomyces stipitis-native gradient PAGE285754
140000-Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1gel filtration701082

SUBUNITS ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
?Candida tropicalis-x * 30748, gene sequence; x * 31000, SDS-PAGE285753
?Candida albicans-x * 30643, calculated from gene sequence9565
?Candida tropicalis-x * 31000, SDS-PAGE9566
heterodimerGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1native aArDH, 2 * 28500, SDS-PAGE701082
homodimerGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1recombinant aArDH, 2 * 28500, SDS-PAGE701082
monomerEnterobacter aerogenes-1 * 46500, SDS-PAGE285747
tetramerScheffersomyces stipitis-4 * 30000, calculated from gene sequence and molecular weight of native enzyme285754
tetramerGluconobacter oxydansQ308C14 * 28500, calculated, 4 * 28000, SDS-PAGE701082

POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
No entries in this field

Crystallization/COMMENTARY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pH STABILITYpH STABILITY MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
69.5Candida tropicalis-more labile at increasing pH from 6.0-9.59566
8.512Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1very stable in alkaline buffer701082

TEMPERATURE STABILITYTEMPERATURE STABILITY MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARYLITERATURE
43-Enterobacter aerogenes-half-life: 50 min285751
45-Enterobacter aerogenes-20 min285747
45-Enterobacter aerogenes-half-life: 7 min285751

GENERAL STABILITYORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.LITERATURE
Mg2+ stabilizesCandida tropicalis-9566
glycerol stabilizesEnterobacter aerogenes-285747

ORGANIC SOLVENT ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
No entries in this field

OXIDATION STABILITY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
No entries in this field

STORAGE STABILITY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
-15°C, after ammonium sulfate fractionation, pH 7.0, stable for at least one year without loss in activity, higher activity with potassium phosphate buffer than with glycine-HClEnterobacter aerogenes-285749
-20°C, protein concentration 50 mg/ml, 50% v/v glycerol, stable 3 months, loss of activity less than 50%Enterobacter aerogenes-285747
frozen after second calcium phosphate gel preparation, stable for 3 yearsEnterobacter aerogenes-285750
4°C, 100 mM Tris/HCl buffer, 2 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 50 daysGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1701082
4°C, 100 mM Tris/HCl with 2 mM 2-mercaptoethanol for 50 days, 50% loss of activity. Addition of 2-mercaptoethanol is requiredGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1701082

Purification/COMMENTARY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
recombinant protein from Escherichia coliEnterobacter aerogenes-285747
strain P14Enterobacter aerogenes-285751
strain PRL-R3Enterobacter aerogenes-285749, 285750
; recombinant and native enzymes purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration, 119foldGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1701082

Cloned/COMMENTARY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
gene over-expressed in S. cerevisiae BWG 1-7A and in Escherichia coli JM109, DH5-alphaCandida albicans-9565
gene over-expressed in Escherichia coli BW31MCandida tropicalis-285753
gene over-expressed in Escherichia coli K12Enterobacter aerogenes-285747
Oryza sativa is transformed with a plant-expression-optimized synthetic gene using Biolistic-mediated transformation. The atlD gene is integrated into the rice genome of selected plants and is inherited in a Mendelian mannerEscherichia coli-670549
expression in Escherichia coli; expression vector containing the ORF of aArDH under the control of T7 promoter, pET21aArDH, transformed into Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)Gluconobacter oxydansQ308C1701082
gene over-expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae S700Scheffersomyces stipitis-285754

EXPRESSION ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
induced by D-arabinitolGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1701082

ENGINEERINGORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
No entries in this field

Renatured/COMMENTARYORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.LITERATURE
No entries in this field

APPLICATIONORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
analysisEscherichia coli-potential of using arabitol dehydrogenase from the non-virulent enteric bacterium, Escherichia colistrain C, as a plant selectable marker670549
industryGluconobacter oxydansQ308C1promising method for the production of xylitol from the cheap material glucose if the aArDH gene can be introduced into yeast strains that can convert glucose to D-arabitol701082

REF. AUTHORS TITLE JOURNAL VOL. PAGES YEAR ORGANISMLINK TO PUBMEDSOURCE
9565Wong, B.; Murray, J.S.; Castellanos, M.; Croen, K.D.D-Arabitol metabolism in Candida albicans: studies of the biosynthetic pathway and the gene that encodes NAD-dependent D-arabitol dehydrogenaseJ. Bacteriol.1756314-63201993Candida albicans PubMed
9566Quong, M.W.; Miyada, C.G.; Switchenko, A.C.; Goodman, T.C.Identification, purification, and characterization of a D-arabinitol-specific dehydrogenase from Candida tropicalisBiochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.1961323-13291993Candida tropicalis PubMed
285747Neuberger, M.S.; Patterson, R.A.; Hartley, B.S.Purification and properties of Klebsiella aerogenes D-arabitol dehydrogenaseBiochem. J.18331-421979Enterobacter aerogenes PubMed
285748Wilson, B.L.; Mortlock, R.P.Regulation of D-xylose and D-arabitol catabolism by Aerobacter aerogenesJ. Bacteriol.1131404-14111973Enterobacter aerogenes PubMed
285749Fossitt, D.D.; Wood, W.A.D-Arabitol dehydrogenaseMethods Enzymol.9184-1871966Enterobacter aerogenes-
285750Wood, W.A.; McDonough, M.J.; Jacobs, L.B.Ribitol and D-arabitol utilization by Aerobacter aerogenesJ. Biol. Chem.2362190-21951961Enterobacter aerogenes PubMed
285751Lin, E.C.C.An inducible D-arabitol dehydrogenase from Aerobacter aerogenesJ. Biol. Chem.23631-361961Enterobacter aerogenes PubMed
285753Murray, J.S.; Wong, M.L.; Miyada, C.G.; Switchenko, A.C.; Goodman, T.C.; Wong, B.Isolation, characterization and expression of the gene that encodes D-arabinitol dehydrogenase in Candida tropicalisGene155123-1281995Candida tropicalis PubMed
285754Hallborn, J.; Walfridsson, M.; Penttilae, M.; Keraenen, S.; Hahn-Haegerdal, B.A short-chain dehydrogenase gene from Pichia stipitis having D-arabinitol dehydrogenase activityYeast11839-8471995Scheffersomyces stipitis PubMed
670549LaFayette, P.R.; Kane, P.M.; Phan, B.H.; Parrott, W.A.Arabitol dehydrogenase as a selectable marker for ricePlant Cell Rep.24596-6022005Escherichia coli PubMed
701082Cheng, H.; Li, Z.; Jiang, N.; Deng, Z.Cloning, purification and characterization of an NAD-dependent D-arabitol dehydrogenase from acetic acid bacterium, Acetobacter suboxydansProtein J.28263-2722009Gluconobacter oxydans PubMed

LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.1.1.11)
ExplorEnz
ExPASy
KEGG
MetaCyc
NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature
PROSITE Database of protein families and domains
SYSTERS
Protein Mutant Database
InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)