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Literature summary extracted from

  • Attwood, M.A.; Doughty, C.C.
    Purification and properties of calf liver aldose reductase (1974), Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 370, 358-368.
    View publication on PubMed

General Stability

EC Number General Stability Organism
1.1.1.21 dithiothreitol, 2 mM stabilizes, other sulfhydryl compounds such as beta-mercaptoethanol, glutathione and cysteine are less effective Bos taurus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.21 2'-AMP
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 2-mercaptoethanol
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 3'-AMP
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 5'-AMP
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 c-3',5'-AMP
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 dithiothreitol
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 HgCl2
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 iodoacetate
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 p-hydroxymercuribenzoate
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 sulfhydryl inhibitors
-
 Bos taurus

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.21 0.01 0.015 NADPH
-
 Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 0.22
-
 NADH
-
 Bos taurus

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 30500
-
 2 * 30500, SDS-PAGE Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 61000
-
 gel filtration Bos taurus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.21 aldose + NAD(P)H Bos taurus
-
 alditol + NAD(P)+
-
 r

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.21 Bos taurus
-
 calf
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.21 calf Bos taurus

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.1.1.21 liver
-
 Bos taurus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 11.2
-
-
 Bos taurus

Storage Stability

EC Number Storage Stability Organism
1.1.1.21 -45°C, stable at any stage of purification Bos taurus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.21 4-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
 Bos taurus 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.21 acetaldehyde + NAD(P)H + H+
-
 Bos taurus ethanol + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.21 alditol + NAD(P)+
-
 Bos taurus aldose + NAD(P)H
-
 r
1.1.1.21 aldose + NAD(P)H
-
 Bos taurus alditol + NAD(P)+
-
 r
1.1.1.21 benzaldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
 Bos taurus benzyl alcohol + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.21 butyraldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
 Bos taurus butanol + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.21 D-glucose + NAD(P)H low activity Bos taurus sorbitol + NAD(P)+
-
 r
1.1.1.21 D-xylose + NAD(P)H low activity Bos taurus xylitol + NAD(P)+
-
 r
1.1.1.21 dihydroxyacetone + NAD(P)H
-
 Bos taurus glycerol + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.21 n-pentanal + NAD(P)H + H+
-
 Bos taurus n-pentanol + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.21 propionaldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
 Bos taurus propanol + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.21 succinic semialdehyde + NADH + H+
-
 Bos taurus 4-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+
-
 ?
1.1.1.21 xylitol + NAD(P)+
-
 Bos taurus D-xylose + NAD(P)H + H+
-
 r

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 dimer 2 * 30500, SDS-PAGE Bos taurus

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 50
-
 10 min, inactivation Bos taurus

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 6.7
-
 glyceraldehyde + NAD(P)H Bos taurus
1.1.1.21 9.7 10.4 glycerol + NAD(P)H Bos taurus

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.21 NADH 50% Bos taurus