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Literature summary for 4.6.1.2 extracted from
- Oxygen-sensitive guanylyl cyclases in insects and their potential roles in oxygen detection and in feeding behaviors (2006), J. Insect Physiol., 52, 340-348.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| CO | - |
Caenorhabditis elegans |  |
| additional information | insensitive to NO | Bombyx mori | |
| additional information | insensitive to NO | Apis mellifera | |
| additional information | insensitive to NO | Manduca sexta | |
| additional information | insensitive to NO | Tribolium castaneum | |
| additional information | insensitive to NO | Anopheles gambiae | |
| additional information | insensitive to NO | Drosophila pseudoobscura | |
| additional information | insensitive to NO | Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis | |
| additional information | none of the atypical sGCs are activated by the NO-independent, but heme-dependent, sGC stimulator BAY 41-2272 | Drosophila melanogaster | |
| NO | - |
Caenorhabditis elegans | |
| NO | conventional isoforms Gyca-99B and Gycb-100B are potently activated by NO. Atypical sGCs Gyc-88E Gyc-89Da Gyc-89Db are only slightly sensitive to NO. At atmospheric O2 concentrations, NO slightly stimulates the Gyc-88E+Gyc-89Da and Gyc-88E+Gyc-89Db subunit combinations, whereas at lower O2 concentrations NO inhibits their activity | Drosophila melanogaster | |
| O2 | - |
Bombyx mori | |
| O2 | - |
Caenorhabditis elegans | |
| O2 | - |
Apis mellifera | |
| O2 | - |
Manduca sexta | |
| O2 | - |
Tribolium castaneum | |
| O2 | - |
Anopheles gambiae | |
| O2 | - |
Drosophila pseudoobscura | |
| O2 | - |
Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis | |
| O2 | atypical sGCs potently activated under hypoxic conditions | Drosophila melanogaster | |
Application
| Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits | Bombyx mori |
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits | Caenorhabditis elegans |
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits | Apis mellifera |
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits | Manduca sexta |
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits | Tribolium castaneum |
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits | Anopheles gambiae |
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits | Drosophila pseudoobscura |
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits | Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis |
| additional information | residues H104, Y140, the YxS/TxR motif and missing cysteines Cys78 and Cys214 are conserved in all the insect atypical sGC subunits. Atypical sGCs can function as O2 sensors and can modulate sensitivity to sweet tastants | Drosophila melanogaster |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| transiently transfected into COS-7 cells | Drosophila melanogaster |
Crystallization (Commentary)
| Crystallization (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| H-NOX domain of Tar4H, residues form hydrogen bonds to the heme group, tyrosine at position 140 is critical in discriminating between NO and O2 | Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | deletion of the gene coding for the atypical sGC, gcy-35, results in loss of O2-dependent behavioral preference for 5-12% oxygen in worms, also prevents the expression of a feeding behavioral polymorphism | Caenorhabditis elegans |
| Y140L | yields a protein that no longer binds O2, but still binds NO. Introduction of a tyrosine residue anywhere in the distal pocket that is able to reach an iron-bound O2 is key in stabilization of the FeII-O2 complex, rescuing the mutant | Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazole [4,3-a] quinoxalin-1-one | effectively blocks guanylyl cyclase activity in response to low O2 levels | Drosophila melanogaster | |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fe2+ | - |
Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anopheles gambiae | - |
- |
- |
| Apis mellifera | - |
- |
- |
| Bombyx mori | - |
- |
- |
| Caenorhabditis elegans | - |
- |
- |
| Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis | - |
- |
- |
| Drosophila melanogaster | - |
- |
- |
| Drosophila pseudoobscura | - |
- |
- |
| Manduca sexta | - |
- |
- |
| Tribolium castaneum | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| central nervous system | atypical sGC primarily expressed | Drosophila melanogaster | - |
| embryo | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | - |
| larva | in the anterior region expression of atypical sGCs in sensory neurons that innervate the dorsal and terminal organs, believed to be the main chemosensory organs of the larvae. Along the lateral body wall of larvae expressed by individual sensory neurons that express each of the subunits that appear to innervate basiconic sensilla and trachea. In the terminal segments, atypical sGCs are expressed in neurons that innervate peg sensilla on the caudal sensory cones | Drosophila melanogaster | - |
| additional information | atypical sGC expressed throughout development | Drosophila melanogaster | - |
| neuron | - |
Caenorhabditis elegans | - |
| neuron | atypical sGC frequently co-localized in specific sensory neurons | Drosophila melanogaster | - |
| peripheral nervous system | atypical sGC primarily expressed | Drosophila melanogaster | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GTP | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| heterodimer | - |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| heterodimer | - |
Bombyx mori |
| heterodimer | - |
Caenorhabditis elegans |
| heterodimer | - |
Apis mellifera |
| heterodimer | - |
Manduca sexta |
| heterodimer | - |
Tribolium castaneum |
| heterodimer | - |
Anopheles gambiae |
| heterodimer | - |
Drosophila pseudoobscura |
| heterodimer | - |
Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| GCY-35 | - |
Caenorhabditis elegans |
| Gyc-88E | atypical sGC | Drosophila melanogaster |
| Gyc-89Da | atypical sGC | Drosophila melanogaster |
| Gyc-89Db | atypical sGC | Drosophila melanogaster |
| Gyca-99B | - |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| Gycb-100B | - |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| sGC | - |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| sGC | - |
Bombyx mori |
| sGC | - |
Caenorhabditis elegans |
| sGC | - |
Apis mellifera |
| sGC | - |
Manduca sexta |
| sGC | - |
Tribolium castaneum |
| sGC | - |
Anopheles gambiae |
| sGC | - |
Drosophila pseudoobscura |
| sGC | - |
Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Bombyx mori |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Caenorhabditis elegans |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Apis mellifera |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Manduca sexta |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Tribolium castaneum |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Anopheles gambiae |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Drosophila pseudoobscura |
| soluble guanylyl cyclase | - |
Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis |
| Tar4 protein | - |
Caldanaerobacter subterraneus subsp. tengcongensis |
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