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Literature summary for 4.2.1.78 extracted from
- Purification and characterization of norcoclaurine synthase. The first committed enzyme in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants (2002), J. Biol. Chem., 277, 33878-33883.
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| norlaudanosoline | product inhibition, kinetics | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |  |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | sigmoidal saturation kinetics for dopamine, cooperativity between the dopamine binding sites on each subunit | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | |
| 0.335 | - |
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde | pH 7.5, 37°C, hyperbolic saturation kinetics | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | the enzyme is not affected by divalent cations | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15000 | - |
2 * 15000, SDS-PAGE | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
| 28000 | - |
gel filtration | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol + 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | first step of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid synthesis, enzyme might play a regulatory or rate-limiting role in controlling the rate of pathway flux | (S)-Norcoclaurine + H2O | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | - |
i.e. meadow rue, 4 isoelectrically different isozymes | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| 1590fold to homogeneity from cell suspension culture | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Reaction
| Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + dopamine = (S)-norcoclaurine + H2O | the reaction makes a six-membered ring by forming a bond between C-6 of the 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group of the dopamine and C-1 of the aldehyde in the imine formed between the substrates, the product is the precursor of the benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in plants, the enzyme, formerly known as (S)-norleudanosoline synthase, will also catalyse the reaction of 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol + (di-3,4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde to form (S)-norlaudanosoline, but this alkaloid has not been found to occur in plants, iso-ordered bi-uni mechanism with 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde binding before dopamine | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| cell suspension culture | - |
Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | - |
| flower bud | low enzyme activity | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | - |
| leaf | - |
Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | - |
| root | highest enzyme activity | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | - |
| stem | - |
Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.09 | - |
purified enzyme | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Storage Stability
| Storage Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| -80°C, purified enzyme, 7 days, no loss of activity | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
| 4°C, purified enzyme, 7 days, 75% loss of activity | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol + 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde | - |
Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | (S)-norlaudanosoline + H2O | - |
? | |
| 4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol + 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde | 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol is dopmaine, cooperativity between the dopamine binding sites on each subunit | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | (S)-Norcoclaurine + H2O | - |
? | |
| 4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol + 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde | first step of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid synthesis, enzyme might play a regulatory or rate-limiting role in controlling the rate of pathway flux | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | (S)-Norcoclaurine + H2O | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| dimer | 2 * 15000, SDS-PAGE | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| (S)-Norlaudanosoline synthase | - |
Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
| NCS | - |
Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42 | 55 | - |
Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Temperature Range [°C]
| Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | 57 | half-maximal activities at 37°C and 57°C | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6.5 | 7 | - |
Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum |
Ki Value [mM]
| Ki Value [mM] | Ki Value maximum [mM] | Inhibitor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.7 | - |
norlaudanosoline | pH 7.5, 37°, with respect to dopamine | Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | |
pI Value
| Organism | Comment | pI Value Maximum | pI Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | isoelectric focusing, minor isoform | - |
5.5 |
| Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | isoelectric focusing, major isoform | - |
5.7 |
| Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | isoelectric focusing, major isoform | - |
6 |
| Thalictrum flavum ssp. glaucum | isoelectric focusing, minor isoform | - |
6.2 |
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