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Literature summary for 4.2.1.2 extracted from

  • Pracharoenwattana, I.; Zhou, W.; Keech, O.; Francisco, P.B.; Udomchalothorn, T.; Tschoep, H.; Stitt, M.; Gibon, Y.; Smith, S.M.
    Arabidopsis has a cytosolic fumarase required for the massive allocation of photosynthate into fumaric acid and for rapid plant growth on high nitrogen (2010), Plant J., 62, 785-795.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 4.2.1.2

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
FUM1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) expressed driven by the 35S promoter in Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures Arabidopsis thaliana
FUM2-red fluorescent protein (RFP) fusions epressed by the 35S promoter, introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
cytosol
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana 5829
-
mitochondrion
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana 5739
-

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Arabidopsis thaliana P93033
-
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Q9FI53
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
leaf high level Arabidopsis thaliana
-
seedling low level Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
(S)-malate
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana fumarate + H2O
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
FUM1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
FUM2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
fumarase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Arabidopsis thaliana level of FUM2 RNA in rosette leaves is higher in the light than in the dark, but total fumarase activity remains constant throughout the diurnal cycle up

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction fumarase activity in extracts of leaves of fum2 mutants is reduced by approximately 85% relative to the wild-type. In the fum2-1 mutant, fumarate is present at a 10fold lower level and malate at a 2fold higher level than in the wild-type. Fum2-1 plants accumulate twice as much starch as the wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
malfunction isolation of homozygous fum1 knock-out plants from self-fertilized heterozygotes is failing Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function FUM1 is an essential enzyme, consistent with its role in the tricarboxylic acid cycle Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function FUM2 accounts for much more activity than FUM1 in leaves. FUM2 is not required for seed germination and seedling growth. FUM2 is required for fumarate accumulation from malate in leaves. Accumulation of fumarate catalysed by FUM2 is required for effective assimilation of nitrogen and growth on high nitrogen Arabidopsis thaliana