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Literature summary for 3.5.4.12 extracted from

  • Maley, F.; Maley, G.F.
    A tale of two enzymes, deoxycytidylate deaminase and thymidylate synthase (1990), Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol., 39, 49-80.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
dCTP
-
Bacillus subtilis
dCTP
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
dCTP
-
Herpes simplex virus
dCTP positive allosteric effector Gallus gallus
dCTP positive allosteric effector Homo sapiens
dCTP positive allosteric effector Rattus norvegicus
dCTP positive allosteric effector Tequatrovirus T4
dCTP positive allosteric effector Equus asinus
dCTP positive allosteric effector Escherichia phage T2
dCTP positive allosteric effector Enterobacteria phage T6
dCTP activation by dCTP is reversed by addition of dTTP Gallus gallus
dCTP activation by dCTP is reversed by addition of dTTP Homo sapiens
dCTP dCTP promotes an aggregation of enzyme subunits to the active state Gallus gallus
dCTP dCTP promotes an aggregation of enzyme subunits to the active state Escherichia phage T2

Application

Application Comment Organism
medicine associated mainly with dividing tissues, potential diagnostic tool for various disease states in which enzyme is elevated Homo sapiens
pharmacology might have applications in cancer chemotherapy. Enzyme may be an inhibitor target for antitumor agents Equus asinus
pharmacology enzyme might be a reasonable target for chemotherapeutic agents directed against parasitic as well as neoplastic diseases by limiting the synthesis of dUMP, particularly when used in combination with inhibitors of dTMP synthase or other purine and pyrimidine inhibitors of DNA synthesis Homo sapiens

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
-
Tequatrovirus T4

Crystallization (Commentary)

Crystallization (Comment) Organism
-
Escherichia phage T2

General Stability

General Stability Organism
dCTP stabilizes Gallus gallus
dCTP stabilizes Tequatrovirus T4
dCTP stabilizes Escherichia phage T2
dCTP stabilizing hexameric state, dTTP destabilizing Equus asinus
dCTP stabilizing hexameric state, dTTP destabilizing Escherichia phage T2
enzyme is unstable Gallus gallus

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
dTTP allosteric inhibitor Enterobacteria phage T6
dTTP allosteric inhibitor Equus asinus
dTTP allosteric inhibitor; dTTP favores disaggregated or inhibited state Escherichia phage T2
dTTP allosteric inhibitor; dTTP favores disaggregated or inhibited state Gallus gallus
dTTP
-
Herpes simplex virus
dTTP allosteric inhibitor Homo sapiens
dTTP allosteric inhibitor Rattus norvegicus
dTTP allosteric inhibitor Tequatrovirus T4

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
additional information
-
additional information
-
Gallus gallus
additional information
-
additional information
-
Bacillus subtilis
additional information
-
additional information
-
Homo sapiens
additional information
-
additional information
-
Rattus norvegicus
additional information
-
additional information
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
additional information
-
additional information
-
Tequatrovirus T4
additional information
-
additional information
-
Equus asinus
additional information
-
additional information
-
Escherichia phage T2

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
20000
-
6 * 20000, HeLa cells, SDS-PAGE and amino acid sequence Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
dCMP + H2O Gallus gallus providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Bacillus subtilis providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Homo sapiens providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Rattus norvegicus providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Saccharomyces cerevisiae providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Tequatrovirus T4 providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Echinoidea providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Equus asinus providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Herpes simplex virus providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Escherichia phage T2 providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Betapolyomavirus macacae providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Enterobacteria phage T6 providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Polyomavirus sp. providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Gallus gallus importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Bacillus subtilis importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Homo sapiens importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Rattus norvegicus importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Saccharomyces cerevisiae importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Tequatrovirus T4 importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Echinoidea importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Equus asinus importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Herpes simplex virus importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Escherichia phage T2 importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Betapolyomavirus macacae importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Enterobacteria phage T6 importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O Polyomavirus sp. importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides dUMP + NH3
-
?
additional information Homo sapiens
-
?
-
?
additional information Tequatrovirus T4 function of enzyme is that of enhancing stability of T4-phage multienzyme complex involved in dNTP synthesis, the complex is less stable in cd mutants ?
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Bacillus subtilis
-
-
-
Betapolyomavirus macacae
-
induced by
-
Echinoidea
-
-
-
Enterobacteria phage T6
-
T2-, T4-, and T6-phage induced enzyme in Escherichia coli
-
Equus asinus
-
donkey
-
Escherichia phage T2
-
T2-, T4-, and T6-phage induced enzyme in Escherichia coli
-
Escherichia phage T2
-
T2-phage infected Escherichia coli
-
Escherichia phage T2
-
T2r+-infected Escherichia coli B
-
Gallus gallus
-
-
-
Herpes simplex virus
-
induced by
-
Homo sapiens
-
human
-
no activity in Escherichia coli
-
enzyme not detectable in Escherichia coli until after infection with T-even bacteriophage
-
no activity in Escherichia coli
-
wild type Escherichia coli contains no dCMP deaminase
-
no activity in Salmonella typhimurium
-
do not contain dCMP deaminase
-
Polyomavirus sp.
-
induced by
-
Rattus norvegicus
-
-
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
-
-
Tequatrovirus T4
-
T2-, T4-, and T6-phage induced enzyme in Escherichia coli
-
Tequatrovirus T4
-
T4-phage infected Escherichia coli
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
-
Gallus gallus
HeLa cells Homo sapiens

Reaction

Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 regulation, allosteric end-product regulation Gallus gallus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 regulation, allosteric end-product regulation Bacillus subtilis
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 regulation, allosteric end-product regulation Homo sapiens
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 regulation, allosteric end-product regulation Rattus norvegicus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 regulation, allosteric end-product regulation Tequatrovirus T4
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 regulation, allosteric end-product regulation Equus asinus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 regulation, allosteric end-product regulation Escherichia phage T2
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 regulation, allosteric end-product regulation Enterobacteria phage T6
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 feedback regulation Gallus gallus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 feedback regulation Homo sapiens
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 feedback regulation Rattus norvegicus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 feedback regulation Tequatrovirus T4
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 feedback regulation Equus asinus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 feedback regulation Escherichia phage T2
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 highly regulated allosteric enzyme Gallus gallus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 highly regulated allosteric enzyme Bacillus subtilis
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 highly regulated allosteric enzyme Homo sapiens
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 highly regulated allosteric enzyme Rattus norvegicus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 highly regulated allosteric enzyme Tequatrovirus T4
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 highly regulated allosteric enzyme Equus asinus
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 highly regulated allosteric enzyme Escherichia phage T2
dCMP + H2O = dUMP + NH3 highly regulated allosteric enzyme Enterobacteria phage T6

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
egg
-
Echinoidea
-
embryo
-
Gallus gallus
-
embryo
-
Rattus norvegicus
-
HeLa cell
-
Homo sapiens
-
liver
-
Rattus norvegicus
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Gallus gallus
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Bacillus subtilis
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Homo sapiens
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Rattus norvegicus
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Tequatrovirus T4
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Echinoidea
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Equus asinus
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Herpes simplex virus
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Escherichia phage T2
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Betapolyomavirus macacae
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Enterobacteria phage T6
-
additional information associated mainly with dividing tissues Polyomavirus sp.
-
spleen
-
Homo sapiens
-
spleen
-
Equus asinus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
500
-
HeLa cells Homo sapiens

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
5-bromo-dCMP + H2O
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5-bromo-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-bromo-dCMP + H2O
-
Equus asinus 5-bromo-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-bromo-dCMP + H2O
-
Escherichia phage T2 5-bromo-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-bromo-dCMP + H2O very good substrate Gallus gallus 5-bromo-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-fluoro-dCMP + H2O
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5-fluoro-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-fluoro-dCMP + H2O
-
Equus asinus 5-fluoro-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-fluoro-dCMP + H2O very good substrate Gallus gallus 5-fluoro-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-fluoro-dCMP + H2O very good substrate Escherichia phage T2 5-fluoro-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-Hg-dCMP + H2O deamination activated by dTTP and inhibited by dCTP Homo sapiens 5-Hg-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-Hg-dCMP + H2O deamination activated by dTTP and inhibited by dCTP Equus asinus 5-Hg-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-hydroxymethyl-dCMP + H2O
-
Gallus gallus 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-hydroxymethyl-dCMP + H2O
-
Tequatrovirus T4 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-hydroxymethyl-dCMP + H2O
-
Equus asinus 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-hydroxymethyl-dCMP + H2O HeLa cells, good substrate Homo sapiens 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-iodo-dCMP + H2O
-
Gallus gallus 5-iodo-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-iodo-dCMP + H2O
-
Equus asinus 5-iodo-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-iodo-dCMP + H2O very poor substrate Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5-iodo-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-iodo-dCMP + H2O very poor substrate Escherichia phage T2 5-iodo-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-methyl-dCMP + H2O
-
Homo sapiens 5-methyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-methyl-dCMP + H2O
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5-methyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-methyl-dCMP + H2O
-
Equus asinus 5-methyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-methyl-dCMP + H2O very good substrate Gallus gallus 5-methyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
5-methyl-dCMP + H2O very good substrate Escherichia phage T2 5-methyl-dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Gallus gallus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Bacillus subtilis dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Homo sapiens dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Rattus norvegicus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Tequatrovirus T4 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Echinoidea dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Equus asinus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Herpes simplex virus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Escherichia phage T2 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Betapolyomavirus macacae dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Enterobacteria phage T6 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O
-
Polyomavirus sp. dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Gallus gallus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Bacillus subtilis dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Homo sapiens dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Rattus norvegicus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Saccharomyces cerevisiae dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Tequatrovirus T4 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Echinoidea dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Equus asinus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Herpes simplex virus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Escherichia phage T2 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Betapolyomavirus macacae dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Enterobacteria phage T6 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O providing an adequate supply of dUMP for formation of dTMP, via dTMP synthase a crucial intermediate for synthesis of DNA Polyomavirus sp. dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Gallus gallus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Bacillus subtilis dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Homo sapiens dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Rattus norvegicus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Saccharomyces cerevisiae dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Tequatrovirus T4 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Echinoidea dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Equus asinus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Herpes simplex virus dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Escherichia phage T2 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Betapolyomavirus macacae dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Enterobacteria phage T6 dUMP + NH3
-
?
dCMP + H2O importance in the generation of dUMP, precursor for synthesis of thymidine nucleotides Polyomavirus sp. dUMP + NH3
-
?
additional information
-
Homo sapiens ?
-
?
additional information substrate specificity Gallus gallus ?
-
?
additional information substrate specificity Bacillus subtilis ?
-
?
additional information substrate specificity Homo sapiens ?
-
?
additional information substrate specificity Saccharomyces cerevisiae ?
-
?
additional information substrate specificity Equus asinus ?
-
?
additional information substrate specificity Escherichia phage T2 ?
-
?
additional information function of enzyme is that of enhancing stability of T4-phage multienzyme complex involved in dNTP synthesis, the complex is less stable in cd mutants Tequatrovirus T4 ?
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
hexamer 6 identical subunits Gallus gallus
hexamer 6 identical subunits Homo sapiens
hexamer 6 identical subunits Rattus norvegicus
hexamer 6 identical subunits Tequatrovirus T4
hexamer 6 identical subunits Equus asinus
hexamer 6 identical subunits Escherichia phage T2
hexamer 6 identical subunits Enterobacteria phage T6
hexamer 6 * 20000, HeLa cells, SDS-PAGE and amino acid sequence Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30
-
-
Tequatrovirus T4
30
-
optimum condition Homo sapiens