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Literature summary for 3.4.24.68 extracted from
- Tetanus and botulism neurotoxins: isolation and assay (1995), Methods Enzymol., 248, 643-652.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Proteases | activation by rapid cleavage within an exposed loop of the single inactive MW 150000 polypeptide chain and generation of active di-chain neurotoxin | Clostridium tetani | |
| Proteases | bacterial | Clostridium tetani |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NaOCl | inactivation | Clostridium tetani |  |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytosol | accumulates until bacterial lysis | Clostridium tetani | 5829 | - |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc | zinc-dependent endoproteinase | Clostridium tetani | |
| Zinc | L-chain: form of zinc-endopeptidase, 0.8-1 gatom zinc/mol toxin, bound to light or L-chain | Clostridium tetani | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 150700 | - |
Clostridium tetani, calculated from amino acid sequence | Clostridium tetani |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synaptobrevin + H2O | Clostridium tetani | enzyme disables neuroexocytosis apparatus, acts at spinal inhibitory interneurons, blocking release of various neurotransmitters to produce spastic paralysis, clostridial neurotoxins are described as the most toxic substances known | ? | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | Clostridium tetani Harvard | enzyme disables neuroexocytosis apparatus, acts at spinal inhibitory interneurons, blocking release of various neurotransmitters to produce spastic paralysis, clostridial neurotoxins are described as the most toxic substances known | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clostridium tetani | - |
all toxigenic strains synthesize only one type of neurotoxin | - |
| Clostridium tetani | - |
Harvard | - |
| Clostridium tetani Harvard | - |
Harvard | - |
Oxidation Stability
| Oxidation Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| extremely sensitive to oxidants | Clostridium tetani |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| single-chain, two-chain and L-chain form | Clostridium tetani |
| very toxic! Booster injection of tetanus toxoid before starting research with tetanus toxin advisable, human anti-tetanus neurotoxin antibodies available | Clostridium tetani |
Reaction
| Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydrolysis of -Gln76-/-Phe- bond in synaptobrevin (also known as neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, VAMP) | structure and mechanism | Clostridium tetani |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| culture supernatant | - |
Clostridium tetani | - |
Storage Stability
| Storage Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| -80°C, in 10 mM HEPES buffer, pH 7.2, 50 mM NaCl, after freezing in liquid N2, stable | Clostridium tetani |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | synaptobrevin-1 (with Val76 instead of Gln76) or short peptides containing the cleavage site of the target protein | Clostridium tetani | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | synaptobrevin-1 (with Val76 instead of Gln76) or short peptides containing the cleavage site of the target protein | Clostridium tetani Harvard | ? | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | i.e. VAMP, neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, MW 19000, with 2 isoforms in human, chicken, in rat brain: synaptobrevin/VAMP-1 and synaptobrevin/VAMP-2, cleaves at Gln76-Phe77, the same site as botulin neurotoxin B | Clostridium tetani | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | i.e. VAMP, neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, MW 19000, with 2 isoforms in human, chicken, in rat brain: synaptobrevin/VAMP-1 and synaptobrevin/VAMP-2, cleaves at Gln76-Phe77, the same site as botulin neurotoxin B | Clostridium tetani Harvard | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | enzyme disables neuroexocytosis apparatus, acts at spinal inhibitory interneurons, blocking release of various neurotransmitters to produce spastic paralysis, clostridial neurotoxins are described as the most toxic substances known | Clostridium tetani | ? | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | enzyme disables neuroexocytosis apparatus, acts at spinal inhibitory interneurons, blocking release of various neurotransmitters to produce spastic paralysis, clostridial neurotoxins are described as the most toxic substances known | Clostridium tetani Harvard | ? | - |
? | |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | - |
assay at | Clostridium tetani |
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