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Literature summary for 3.2.1.166 extracted from

  • Qin, Q.; Niu, J.; Wang, Z.; Xu, W.; Qiao, Z.; Gu, Y.
    Astragalus embranaceus extract activates immune response in macrophages via heparanase (2012), Molecules, 17, 7232-7240.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
Astragalus membranaceus extract
-
Mus musculus

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
cell surface
-
Mus musculus 9986
-

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Mus musculus
-
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
ANA-1 cell
-
Mus musculus
-

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
HPA
-
Mus musculus

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction enzyme inhibition decreases the release of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha significantly, but does not change the mRNA levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha significantly in Astragalus membranaceus extract-treated macrophages Mus musculus
physiological function the enzyme may be a key regulator of migration and immune response mediator in macrophages. The enzyme is an endo-beta-glucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate at specific intra-chain sites, is strongly implicated in dissemination of metastatic tumor cells. When mouse macrophages are stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in the absence or presence of active enzyme, the enzyme strongly sensitizes macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide in vitro, as indicated by a marked increase in TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-12 p35 [5,6]. Furthermore, induction of the enzyme in several inflammatory conditions occurs and is associated with degradation of heparan sulfate, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, facilitating the inflammatory cell migration towards the injury sites and releasing of chemokines anchored within the extracellular matrix network and cell surfaces Mus musculus