Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
24R,25(OH)2D3 | PLD is activated by 24R,25(OH)2D3 in a surface-dependent manner | Homo sapiens | |
GTPases | PLD1 is activated by PKCalpha and GTPases such as RhoA, RacI, Cdc42, and ADP-ribosylation factor, ARF, whereas PLD2 is not | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | PLD1/2 double knockdown reduces surface-induced effects, i.e. the increase of PLD mRNA and activity, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin, and protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase specific activities, as well as the decrease of cell number, overview. shRNAs for human PLD1 and PLD2 are used to silence MG63 cells. Wild-type and PLD1 or PLD1/2 silenced cells are cultured on smooth-pretreatment surfaces. PLD is required for the differentiation of osteoblast-like MG63 cells on machined and grit-blasted titanium surfaces, role of PLD in osteoblast response to titanium surface microstructure. PLD silencing affects osteoblast differentiation, inhibition of PLD reduces the effects of surface microstructure/energy on protein kinase C, suggesting that PLD mediates the stimulatory effect of microstructured/high-energy surfaces via PKC-dependent signaling, phenotypes, detailed overview | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
ethanol | inhibits PLD and reduces surface effects, e.g. the increase of PLD mRNA and activity, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin, and protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase specific activities, as well as the decrease of cell number | Homo sapiens | |
additional information | inhibition of PLD reduces the effects of surface microstructure/energy on protein kinase C, suggesting that PLD mediates the stimulatory effect of microstructured/high-energy surfaces via PKC-dependent signaling | Homo sapiens |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 are localized differently in the cell | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | Homo sapiens | isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 share aboout 50% homology, but are regulated and localized differently in the cell. In vitro, PLD2 has a higher basal activity than PLD1, but overall cellular activity of PLD is low | ? | - |
? | |
phosphatidylcholine + H2O | Homo sapiens | - |
choline + phosphatidic acid | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | O14939 | isozymes PLD1 and PLD2, PLD2 has three splice variants, PLD2a, 2b, and 2c | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
MG-63 cell | osteoblast-like cells | Homo sapiens | - |
osteoblast | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 share aboout 50% homology, but are regulated and localized differently in the cell. In vitro, PLD2 has a higher basal activity than PLD1, but overall cellular activity of PLD is low | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
phosphatidylcholine + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | choline + phosphatidic acid | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
PLD | - |
Homo sapiens |
PLD1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
PLD2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
physiological function | main function of PLD is to hydrolyze membrane phosphatidylcholine to generate the precursor signaling molecule phosphatidic acid and choline. PLD activity is required for osteoblast differentiation, and isozyme PLD2 is the main isoform involved in this pathway | Homo sapiens |