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Literature summary for 3.1.13.4 extracted from

  • Lee, D.; Park, D.; Park, J.; Kim, J.; Shin, C.
    Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease sculpts the 3' ends of microRNAs (2019), RNA, 25, 388-405 .
No PubMed abstract available
Search for more literature for 3.1.13.4

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information generation of PARN knockout cells by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout. Complementation of PARN activity restores the normal isoform ratio of miR-362-5p in HEK-293T cells Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
cytoplasm
-
 Homo sapiens 5737
-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ required Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
miR-362-5p + H2O Homo sapiens miR-362-5p is defined by DROSHA and DICER to 26 nt in length ?
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens O95453
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
HEK-293T cell
-
 Homo sapiens
-
HeLa-S3 cell
-
 Homo sapiens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
miR-362-5p + H2O miR-362-5p is defined by DROSHA and DICER to 26 nt in length Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
miR-362-5p + H2O a mammalian miRNA whose precursor contains a relatively large bulge compared with other premiRNAs. Primer extension analysis of miR-362-5p Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
PARN
-
 Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
25 37 assay at Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.4
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution PARN is a member of the DEDD family of 3'-to-5' exonucleases with a marked nucleotide preference towards A Homo sapiens
malfunction AGO-APP from parental or PARN knockout cells enrich the miRNAs to a similar extent, without altering the overall length distribution of the miRNA isoforms, suggesting that PARN-mediated trimming does not affect the interaction of miRNAs with AGO proteins Homo sapiens
metabolism 3' ends of metazoan microRNAs (miRNAs) are initially defined by the RNase III enzymes during maturation, but subsequently experience extensive modifications by several enzymatic activities. For example, terminal nucleotidyltransferases (TENTs) elongate miRNAs by adding one or a few nucleotides to their 3' ends, which occasionally leads to differential regulation of miRNA stability or function. Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) forms the 3' ends of miRNAs in human cells Homo sapiens
additional information mechanisms of PARN-mediated miRNA shortening Homo sapiens
physiological function poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) forms the 3' ends of miRNAs in human cells. PARN digests the 3' extensions of miRNAs that are derived from the genome or attached by TENTs, thereby effectively reducing the length of miRNAs. PARN-mediated shortening has little impact on miRNA stability, suggesting that this process likely operates to finalize miRNA maturation, rather than to initiate miRNA decay. PARN-mediated shortening is pervasive across most miRNAs and appears to be a conserved mechanism contributing to the 3' end formation of vertebrate miRNAs. PARN has the unique ability to interact with the 7-methylguanosine cap of mRNAs. Enzyme PARN functions as a trimmer to digest the genome-encoded 3' extensions of miRNAs, and PARN shapes the 3' ends of microRNAs as a de-tailor to erase or reduce the size of untemplated nucleotide additions. PARN emerges as a miR-362-5p trimmer in vitro and in vivo, and as general miRNA trimmer Homo sapiens