Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
CGI-58 | ATGL activity is greatly enhanced by the protein annotated as alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 5, ABHD5, or comparative gene identification-58, CGI-58. CGI-58 does not affect HSL enzyme activity | Mus musculus | |
CGI-58 | ATGL activity is greatly enhanced by the protein annotated as alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 5, ABHD5, or comparative gene identification-58, CGI-58. CGI-58 does not affect HSL enzyme activity | Homo sapiens |
Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
the Atgl gene Pnpla2 contains nine exons and spans a region of approximately 6 kb on chromosome 7F5 | Mus musculus |
the HSL gene is located on chromosome 19q13.2. The ATGL gene PNPLA2 span 6.32 kb of genomic DNA, which are located on chromosome 11p15.5 | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | HSL knockout mice are not overweight or obese. To the contrary, with increased age, they have reduced white adipose tissue weight and are resistant to genetically or diet-induced obesity. HSL-deficient adipocytes respond to beta-adrenergic stimulation and, compared with control mice, exhibit only a moderate decrease in their capacity to release fatty acid. Importantly, HSL deficiency results in diacylglyceride accumulation in several tissues. Phenotypes of ATGL-deficient and HSL-deficient mice, overview | Mus musculus |
additional information | mutations in ATGL or CGI-58 cause neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy and ichthyosis, respectively, in humans. Phenotypes of ATGL-deficient and HSL-deficient mice, overview | Homo sapiens |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
cytosol | - |
Mus musculus | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Homo sapiens | 5829 | - |
plasma membrane | ATGL in the pigment epithelium | Homo sapiens | 5886 | - |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | Mus musculus | structure, function, and regulation of ATGL and HSL, overview | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Homo sapiens | structure, function, and regulation of ATGL and HSL, overview | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | - |
ATGL gene PNPLA2 | - |
Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
adipose tissue | HSL and ATGL | Mus musculus | - |
adipose tissue | HSL and ATGL | Homo sapiens | - |
adrenal gland | HSL | Mus musculus | - |
adrenal gland | HSL | Homo sapiens | - |
cardiac muscle | HSL and ATGL | Mus musculus | - |
cardiac muscle | HSL and ATGL | Homo sapiens | - |
liver | HSL and ATGL | Mus musculus | - |
liver | HSL and ATGL | Homo sapiens | - |
additional information | abundant expression of HSL | Mus musculus | - |
additional information | abundant expression of HSL | Homo sapiens | - |
ovary | HSL | Mus musculus | - |
ovary | HSL | Homo sapiens | - |
retinal pigment epithelium | ATGL is highly expressed in the pigment epithelium and can be found on the plasma membrane | Mus musculus | - |
retinal pigment epithelium | ATGL is highly expressed in the pigment epithelium and can be found on the plasma membrane | Homo sapiens | - |
skeletal muscle | HSL and ATGL | Mus musculus | - |
skeletal muscle | HSL and ATGL | Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | structure, function, and regulation of ATGL and HSL, overview | Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | structure, function, and regulation of ATGL and HSL, overview | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | ATGL binds to the pigment epithelium derived factor | Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | ATGL binds to the pigment epithelium derived factor | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
More | comparison of primary structures of the human and murine ATGL, overview | Mus musculus |
More | comparison of primary structures of the human and murine ATGL, overview | Homo sapiens |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
adipose triglyceride lipase | - |
Mus musculus |
adipose triglyceride lipase | - |
Homo sapiens |
ATGL | - |
Mus musculus |
ATGL | - |
Homo sapiens |
hormone sensitive lipase | - |
Mus musculus |
hormone sensitive lipase | - |
Homo sapiens |
HSL | - |
Mus musculus |
HSL | - |
Homo sapiens |
TG hydrolase | - |
Mus musculus |
TG hydrolase | - |
Homo sapiens |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Mus musculus | low ATGL mRNA levels upon TNFalpha treatment. TNFalpha-mediated inhibition of PPARg reduces ATGL mRNA expression. TNFalpha suppresses the expression of a large number of adipose-specific genes, leading to an adipocyte dedifferentiation process | down |
Mus musculus | ATGL mRNA concentrations are markedly affected by nutritional status, and increase during fasting and decrease during refeeding | additional information |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | in ATGL or CGI-58 cause neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy and ichthyosis, respectively, in humans | Homo sapiens |
metabolism | ATGL and HSl in lipolysis, overview | Mus musculus |
metabolism | ATGL and HSl in lipolysis, overview | Homo sapiens |
physiological function | mobilization of fatty acids from all fat depots depends on the activity of TG hydrolases. The physiological function of ATGL/CGI-58 is not restricted to adipose tissue but is also crucially important in many nonadipose tissues, detailed overview. ATGL activity may be associated with improved insulin sensitivity in mice and humans | Mus musculus |
physiological function | mobilization of fatty acids from all fat depots depends on the activity of TG hydrolases. The physiological function of ATGL/CGI-58 is not restricted to adipose tissue but is also crucially important in many nonadipose tissues, detailed overview. ATGL activity may be associated with improved insulin sensitivity in mice and humans | Homo sapiens |