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Literature summary for 2.5.1.29 extracted from
- IdsA is the major geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase involved in carotenogenesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum (2014), FEBS J., 281, 4906-4920.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | no effect by Triton X-100 and Tween-20 | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Application
| Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| synthesis | enzyme IdsA is a target for metabolic engineering of carotenoid production in Corynebacterium glutamicum | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene crtE, recombinant overexpression of N-terminally His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3), overexpression in gene idsA-deficient Corynebacterium glutamicum cells | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| gene idsA, recombinant overexpression of N-terminally His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | combined overexpression of idsA and the IPP isomerase gene idi in the absence of crtE leads to a very high decaprenoxanthin titer | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| additional information | generation of gene idsA-deficient Corynebacterium glutamicum cells. Combined overexpression of idsA and the IPP isomerase gene idi in the absence of crtE leads to a very high decaprenoxanthin titer | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| K+ | inhibitory at 50-400 mM | Corynebacterium glutamicum |  |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.005 | - |
isopentenyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 0.006 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 0.008 | - |
isopentenyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 0.02 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mg2+ | required as cofactors | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39600 | - |
- |
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| 41800 | - |
- |
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| 84000 | - |
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, gel filtration | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| 158000 | - |
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, gel filtration | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate | Corynebacterium glutamicum | - |
diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Corynebacterium glutamicum | - |
- |
- |
| Corynebacterium glutamicum | - |
gene crtE | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant N-terminally His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography and gel filtration to homogeneity | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate | - |
Corynebacterium glutamicum | diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme also shows the activity of EC 2.5.1.1 and EC 2.5.1.10, with substrate dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate or geranyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate, respectively. IdsA shows the highest catalytic efficiency with dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate | Corynebacterium glutamicum | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme also shows the activity of EC 2.5.1.1 and EC 2.5.1.10, with substrate dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate or geranyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate, respectively. The catalytic efficiency of CrtE is highest with geranyl diphosphate and IPP | Corynebacterium glutamicum | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme also shows the activity of EC 2.5.1.1 and EC 2.5.1.10, with substrate dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate or geranyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate, respectively. IdsA shows the highest catalytic efficiency with dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate | Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme also shows the activity of EC 2.5.1.1 and EC 2.5.1.10, with substrate dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate or geranyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate, respectively. The catalytic efficiency of CrtE is highest with geranyl diphosphate and IPP | Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| homodimer | 2 * 41800, recombinant His-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| homotetramer | 4 * 39600, recombinant His-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| CrtE | - |
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase | - |
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| GGPP synthase | - |
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| IdsA | - |
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25 | - |
- |
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| 30 | 35 | - |
Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | - |
temperatures of 40°C and higher lead to a complete loss of activity for CrtE | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| 40 | - |
temperatures of 40°C and higher lead to a loss of 80% of activity for IdsA | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| 50 | - |
temperatures of 40°C and higher lead to a complete loss of activity for IdsA | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.02 | - |
isopentenyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 0.1 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 0.4 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 1.1 | - |
isopentenyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.5 | - |
assay at | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | phylogenetic analysis of characterized and putative prenyltransferases, overview | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| malfunction | crtE overexpression compensates for the lack of IdsA, whereas plasmid-borne overexpression of ispB does not | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| metabolism | both Corynebacterium glutamicum enzymes, IdsA and CrtE, catalyze prenyl transfer with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), dimethylallyl diphosphate, geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl phosphate as substrates. The enzymes are part of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, but CrtE is not required for carotenogenesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum. IdsA shows the highest catalytic efficiency with dimethylallyl diphosphate and IPP, whereas the catalytic efficiency of CrtE is highest with geranyl diphosphate and IPP | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| physiological function | IdsA is the major GGPPS of Corynebacterium glutamicum | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
| physiological function | IdsA is the major GGPPS of Corynebacterium glutamicum. CrtE overexpression compensates for the lack of IdsA, whereas plasmid-borne overexpression of ispB does not | Corynebacterium glutamicum |
kcat/KM [mM/s]
| kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | - |
isopentenyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 11 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 34 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| 140 | - |
isopentenyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
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