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Literature summary for 2.4.1.11 extracted from

  • Wang, L.; Xiong, Y.; Zuo, B.; Lei, M.; Ren, Z.; Xu, D.
    Molecular and functional characterization of glycogen synthase in the porcine satellite cells under insulin treatment (2012), Mol. Cell. Biochem., 360, 169-180.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene GYS1, in silico cloning, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, promoter determination and analysis, quantitative real-time RT-PCR tissue expression analysis Sus scrofa
gene GYS2, in silico cloning, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, promoter determination and analysis, quantitative real-time RT-PCR tissue expression analysis Sus scrofa

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
80600
-
x * 80600, about, GYS2, sequence calculation Sus scrofa
83700
-
x * 83700, about, GYS1, sequence calculation Sus scrofa

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n Sus scrofa
-
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
?
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n Sus scrofa Meishan
-
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Sus scrofa E0X6R2 GYS1; gene GYS1
-
Sus scrofa E0X6R4 GYS2; gene GYS2
-
Sus scrofa Meishan E0X6R2 GYS1; gene GYS1
-
Sus scrofa Meishan E0X6R4 GYS2; gene GYS2
-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
phosphoprotein regulatory sites of GYS1 that undergo reversible phosphorylation are identified: two of them, sites 2 and 2a, are located near the N-terminus, while the remaining seven sites, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4, 5, 1a, and 1b, are found within the C-terminus. Insulin promotes dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in differentiated porcine satellite cells Sus scrofa
phosphoprotein regulatory sites of GYS2 that undergo reversible phosphorylation are identified: two of them, sites 2 and 2a, are located near the N-terminus, while the remaining seven sites, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4, and 5 are found within the C-terminus, GYS2 does not contain sites 1a and 1b Sus scrofa

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
adipose tissue subcutaneous, expression of GYS2 Sus scrofa
-
adipose tissue subcutaneous, GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
brain GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
heart high expression level of GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
kidney GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
liver GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
liver high expression level of GYS2 Sus scrofa
-
lung GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
additional information tissue expression pattern of GYS1, GYS1 is upregulated during porcine myogenic cell differentiation Sus scrofa
-
additional information tissue expression pattern of GYS2 Sus scrofa
-
ovary GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
satellite cell GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
skeletal muscle longissimus dorsi muscle, high expression level of GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
spleen GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
stomach GYS1 Sus scrofa
-
uterus GYS1 Sus scrofa
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
-
Sus scrofa UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
?
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
-
Sus scrofa Meishan UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
? x * 80600, about, GYS2, sequence calculation Sus scrofa
? x * 83700, about, GYS1, sequence calculation Sus scrofa

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
GYS1
-
Sus scrofa
GYS2
-
Sus scrofa

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
assay at Sus scrofa

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.8
-
assay at Sus scrofa

pI Value

Organism Comment pI Value Maximum pI Value
Sus scrofa GYS1, sequence calculation
-
5.78
Sus scrofa GYS2, sequence calculation
-
6.46

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Sus scrofa insulin does not significantly affect the transcription of GYS1 additional information
Sus scrofa expression level of GYS1 is upregulated from proliferation to differentiation in the porcine satellite cells up

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
physiological function glycogen synthase catalyzes the key step of glycogen synthesis and plays an important role in glycogen metabolism in liver and muscle, phosphorylation sites regulate the activity of the enzyme Sus scrofa
physiological function glycogen synthase catalyzes the key step of glycogen synthesis and plays an important role in glycogen metabolism in liver and muscle, phosphorylation sites regulate the activity of the enzyme. Transcriptional regulation of GYS1 during myogenic differentiation in porcine satellite cells, overview. Effect of insulin is primarily mediated via posttranscriptional control the porcine glycogen synthase. Insulin promotes dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in differentiated porcine satellite cells Sus scrofa