Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
the enzyme is a selenoenzyme encoded by the DIO3 gene, localized on chromosome 14q32, in humans. The DIO3 genomic structure contains a single exon and, at the 3'-UTR, a specific RNA structure, named SECIS (selenocysteine insertion element), that is crucial for the insertion of the selenocysteine residue and for maximal enzymatic catalytic efficiency. The DIO3 gene is imprinted, with preferential expression of the paternal allele. It belongs to a cluster of imprinted regions, at the DLK1-DIO3 locus | Homo sapiens |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
membrane | integral membrane protein | Homo sapiens | 16020 | - |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Se2+ | the enzyme is a selenoenzyme encoded by the DIO3 gene. The DIO3 genomic structure contains a single exon and, at the 3'-UTR, a specific RNA structure, named SECIS (selenocysteine insertion element), that is crucial for the insertion of the selenocysteine residue and for maximal enzymatic catalytic efficiency. The DIO3 gene is imprinted, with preferential expression of the paternal allele. It belongs to a cluster of imprinted regions, at the DLK1-DIO3 locus | Homo sapiens |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + acceptor + H+ | Homo sapiens | - |
L-thyroxine + reduced acceptor | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | P55073 | gene DIO3 | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
B-lymphocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
brain | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
additional information | the enzyme is prevalently expressed in many fetal tissues, through the adult it is expressed in placenta, brain, and skin, and to a lesser extent in the pregnant uterus and pancreatic B-cells. The enzyme activity increases rapidly during the proliferative phase of hemangioma | Homo sapiens | - |
placenta | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
skin | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
uterus | pregnant | Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + acceptor + H+ | - |
Homo sapiens | L-thyroxine + reduced acceptor | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
homodimer | - |
Homo sapiens |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
type 3 deiodinase | - |
Homo sapiens |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | type 3 deiodinase is the cause of consumptive hypothyroidism, a clinical entity which often requires close cooperation between clinical endocrinologists, pediatricians, and oncologists, pathology, detailed overview | Homo sapiens |
physiological function | the enzyme is active in local deiodination processes, it degrades T4 and T3 into inactive metabolites and is thus the major physiological thyroid hormone inactivator, overview. The enzyme plays a relevant role in pregnancy, the enzyme activity in the maternal-fetal unit locally converts most of the T4 derived from the mother into rT3. The enzyme is involved in consumptive hypothyroidism, overview. Pregnancy can be considered a physiological form of compensated consumptive hypothyroidism, in which the physiologically increased expression of the enzyme increases the inactivation rate of maternal T4 thereby enhancing the need for thyroid hormone | Homo sapiens |