Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | construction of enzyme knockout mutant cyp71av1-1, phenotype, overview | Artemisia annua |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
amorpha-4,11-diene + 3 O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] | Artemisia annua | overall reactionvia artemsinic alcohol and artemsinic aldehyde, multistep process | artemisinate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 4 H2O | - |
? | |
amorpha-4,11-diene + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] | Artemisia annua | - |
artemisinic alcohol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
artemisinic alcohol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] | Artemisia annua | - |
artemisinic aldehyde + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
artemisinic aldehyde + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] | Artemisia annua | - |
artemisinate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Artemisia annua | Q1PS23 | - |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
inflorescence | - |
Artemisia annua | - |
leaf | - |
Artemisia annua | - |
secretory trichome | the production of artemisinin occurs in specialized 10-cell biseriate glandular trichomes present on the leaves, stems, and inflorescences of Artemisia annua | Artemisia annua | - |
stem | - |
Artemisia annua | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
amorpha-4,11-diene + 3 O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] | overall reactionvia artemsinic alcohol and artemsinic aldehyde, multistep process | Artemisia annua | artemisinate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 4 H2O | - |
? | |
amorpha-4,11-diene + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] | - |
Artemisia annua | artemisinic alcohol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
artemisinic alcohol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] | - |
Artemisia annua | artemisinic aldehyde + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
artemisinic aldehyde + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] | - |
Artemisia annua | artemisinate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
additional information | conversion of dihydroartemsinic aldehyde to artemisinate is nonenzymatic in trichomes by nonenzymatic autoxidation of dihydroartemsinic aldehyde to dihydroartemsinic acid tertiary hydroperoxide and subsequent nonenzymatic rearrangement to artemisinin | Artemisia annua | ? | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
amorpha-4,11-diene C-12 oxidase | - |
Artemisia annua |
CYP71AV1 | - |
Artemisia annua |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
cytochrome P450 | - |
Artemisia annua | |
NADPH-hemoprotein reductase | A flavoprotein containing both FMN and FAD. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of electrons from NADPH, an obligatory two-electron donor, to microsomal P-450 monooxygenases, EC 1.14.14._ | Artemisia annua |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | the enzyme knockout mutant cyp71av1-1 reveals that the consequence of blocking the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway is the redirection of sesquiterpene metabolism to a sesquiterpene epoxide, termed arteannuin X. Disruption of CYP71AV1 results in the accumulation of a sesquiterpene epoxide at the expense of artemisinin | Artemisia annua |
metabolism | the amorpha-4,11-diene C-12 oxidase (CYP71AV1) enzyme, responsible for a series of oxidation reactions in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, overview | Artemisia annua |
physiological function | the antimalarial artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone produced by glandular secretory trichomes on the leaves, stems, and inflorescences of Artemisia annua. Glandular secretory trichomes are able to redirect flux into a sesquiterpene epoxide. The amorpha-4,11-diene C-12 oxidase (CYP71AV1) enzyme, responsible for a series of oxidation reactions in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway | Artemisia annua |