Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
environmental protection | application for enzyme-based remediation of phenolic wastewater or in phenolic biosensor, kinetic properties. Remediation of phenols at its anthropogenic source before it enters into the environmental ecosystem. Microbial degradation has gained attention for treatment of phenols owing to its ability of complete mineralization and cost effectiveness | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Ag+ | 74.36% inhibition at 0.03 mM | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
Cu2+ | 82.05% inhibition at 0.03 mM | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
Fe2+ | 84.61% inhibition at 0.03 mM | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
H2O2 | about 80% inhibition at 20% H2O2 | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
Hg2+ | 82.05% inhibition at 0.03 mM | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
additional information | Fe2+ chelators (phenanthroline and sodium arsenate), heavy metals, denaturants and oxidizing agents show inhibitory effect on phenol hydroxylation activity of the enzyme. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamte (Cu chelator) has no inhibitory effect on phenol hydroxylation activity | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
Phenanthroline | 42.31% inhibition at 0.03 mM | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
SDS | about 80% inhibition at 1 M SDS | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
Sodium arsenate | 84.62% inhibition at 0.03 mM | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
Urea | about 75% inhibition at 3 M urea | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
additional information | kinetic properties of partially purified enzyme, Michealis-Menten kinetics, overview | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
0.00171 | - |
phenol | pH 7.0, 35°C | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
phenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | - |
catechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
phenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa NCIM 2738 | - |
catechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | - |
- |
- |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa NCIM 2738 | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
native enzyme partially by ammonium sulfate fractionation and dialysis, cost-effective production of partially purified microalgal phenol hydroylase by single-step purification | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
0.39 | - |
partially purified enzyme, substrate phenol, pH 7.0, 35°C | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Storage Stability | Organism |
---|---|
the enzyme shows remarkable storage stability at room temperature and at 4°C, minimal loss of 5.13% and 1.28% after storage of 7 days at room temperature and 4°C, respectively | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2,4-dichlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | 2,4-dichlorocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
2,4-dichlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa NCIM 2738 | 2,4-dichlorocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
2-aminophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | 2-aminocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
2-aminophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa NCIM 2738 | 2-aminocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
2-chlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | 2-chlorocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
2-chlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa NCIM 2738 | 2-chlorocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
2-cresol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
3-aminophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | 3-aminocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
3-cresol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
4-bromophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | 4-bromocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
4-chlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | 4-chlorocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
4-cresol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
4-nitrophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | 4-nitrocatechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
catechol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
additional information | the enzyme has broad substrate specificity against isomeric diphenols, isomeric methylphenols, halogen-substituted phenols, amino-substituted phenols, nitrophenols, hydroxybenzaldehyde and hydroxylbenzoic acid | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? | - |
- |
|
additional information | the enzyme has broad substrate specificity against isomeric diphenols, isomeric methylphenols, halogen-substituted phenols, amino-substituted phenols, nitrophenols, hydroxybenzaldehyde and hydroxylbenzoic acid | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa NCIM 2738 | ? | - |
- |
|
phenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | catechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
phenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa NCIM 2738 | catechol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
quinol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
resorcinol + NADPH + H+ + O2 | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | ? + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
? | x * 25000 | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
More | peptide mass fingerprinting and MALDI-TOF analysis of the 25 kD enzyme | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
flavin containing monooxygenase | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
phenol hydroxylase | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
35 | - |
- |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
25 | 85 | activity range, profile overview | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
7 | - |
- |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
5.5 | 8 | activity range, profile overview. Over 50% of maximal activity at pH 5.5-7.5 | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | phenol hydroxylase shows specific ability to use NADH or NADPH or both as cofactors, phenol is hydroxylated to catechol with concomitant oxidation of NADH. The specific activity of phenol hydroxylase reaction with NADPH as cofactor is about 3times higher when compared to specific activity with NADH as cofactor, suggesting NADPH is a better cofactor | Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa | |
NADPH | - |
Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa |