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Literature summary for 1.1.2.3 extracted from

  • Engqvist, M.K.; Schmitz, J.; Gertzmann, A.; Florian, A.; Jaspert, N.; Arif, M.; Balazadeh, S.; Mueller-Roeber, B.; Fernie, A.R.; Maurino, V.G.
    Glycolate oxidase3, a glycolate oxidase homolog of yeast L-lactate cytochrome c oxidoreductase, supports L-lactate oxidation in roots of Arabidopsis (2015), Plant Physiol., 169, 1042-1061 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
N-terminally YFP-tagged enzyme expression and coexpression with a cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) fusion of PTS1, known to mediate localization to peroxisomes, in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. GOX3 can rescue the cyb2 lethal phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information enzyme knockout by construction of three T-DNA insertion lines for GOX3, gox3-1 (GK_523D09), gox3-2 (SALK_020909), and gox3-3 (SAIL_1156_F03), with insertions in exon 10, intron 10, and the 5' untranslated region, respectively. Neither the GOX3 loss-of-function mutants nor the overexpression lines showed phenotypical differences when compared with the wild type in standard growth conditions in both long- and short-day photoperiods. Loss of function of GOX3 induces metabolic rearrangements in roots that mirror wild-type responses under hypoxia. Conditional phenotype of gox3 mutant plants and complementation, overview Arabidopsis thaliana
additional information enzyme-deficient mutant cells can be complementated by expression of GOX3, a glycolate oxidase from Arabdiospsis thaliana, which is capable to synthesize L-lactate from pyruvate, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.153
-
(S)-lactate pH 7.5, 25°C Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
mitochondrial intermembrane space
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5758
-
peroxisome the enzyme contains a canonical peroxisomal targeting signal Arabidopsis thaliana 5777
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
(S)-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+
-
?
pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
(S)-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Arabidopsis thaliana
-
-
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
leaf of mature (6-week-old) plants, not in young rosettes. GOX3 transcript accumulates continuously during dark-induced senescence, reaching a maximum 10 d after transfer to darkness Arabidopsis thaliana
-
root
-
Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
(S)-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+
-
?
additional information GOX3 shows a broad substrate spectrum, with activity toward a range of L-2-hydroxy acids. glycolate oxidase GOX3 uses L-lactate with a similar efficiency to glycolate. No activity with D-lactate Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
?
pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+
-
Arabidopsis thaliana (S)-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
? x * 45000, SDS-PAGE Arabidopsis thaliana

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
Cyb2
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
L-lactate cytochrome c oxidoreductase
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
14.18
-
(S)-lactate pH 7.5, 25°C Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
FMN prosthetic group Arabidopsis thaliana
heme
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
additional information the enzyme lacks a heme-binding domain and the cytochrome c-binding domain Arabidopsis thaliana

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution the catalytic domains of GOX3 and CYB2, the yeast L-lactate cytochrome c oxidoreductase, are homologous (40% identity and 57% similarity) Arabidopsis thaliana
additional information of the three glycolate oxidases in Arabidopsis thaliana, only GOX3 can efficiently metabolize L-lactate at low intracellular concentrations Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function glycolate oxidase3, a glycolate oxidase homolog of yeast L-lactate cytochrome c oxidoreductase, supports L-lactate oxidation in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana Saccharomyces cerevisiae
physiological function in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana, L-lactate is generated by the reduction of pyruvate via L-lactate dehydrogenase, EC 1.1.1.27, but this enzyme does not efficiently catalyze the reverse reaction. Glycolate oxidase GOX3 is the enzyme that metabolizes L-lactate to pyruvate in vivo and may ensure the sustainment of low levels of L-lactate after its formation under normoxia. GOX3 does not display activity with natural electron acceptors such as cytochrome c, NAD+, or NADP+ suggests that it does not act as dehydrogenases in vivo. GOX3 plays a more prominent role in heterotrophic tissue than in autotrophic tissues. Enzyme GOX3 can rescue the cyb2 lethal phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Possible involvement of GOX3 in controlling L-lactate homeostasis in roots Arabidopsis thaliana

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
74.1
-
(S)-lactate pH 7.5, 25°C Arabidopsis thaliana