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Literature summary for 1.1.1.9 extracted from

  • Weyda, I.; Luebeck, M.; Ahring, B.K.; Luebeck, P.S.
    Point mutation of the xylose reductase (XR) gene reduces xylitol accumulation and increases citric acid production in Aspergillus carbonarius (2014), J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 41, 733-739 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
NADH product inhibition Aspergillus carbonarius

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
xylitol + NAD+ Aspergillus carbonarius
-
D-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
?
xylitol + NAD+ Aspergillus carbonarius ITEM 5010
-
D-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Aspergillus carbonarius
-
-
-
Aspergillus carbonarius ITEM 5010
-
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
xylitol + NAD+
-
Aspergillus carbonarius D-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
?
xylitol + NAD+
-
Aspergillus carbonarius ITEM 5010 D-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
XDH
-
Aspergillus carbonarius

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NAD+
-
Aspergillus carbonarius

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
metabolism in order to overcome xylitol accumulation in Aspergillus carbonarius, a K274R point mutation is introduced into the xylose reductase with the aim of changing the specificity toward NADH. Fermentation with the mutant strain (grown on D-xylose as the sole carbon source) shows a 2.8fold reduction in xylitol accumulation and 4.5fold increase in citric acid production compared to the wild-type strain. The fact that the mutant strain shows decreased xylitol levels is assumed to be associated with the capability of the mutated xylose reductase to use NADH generated by the xylitol dehydrogenase XDH, thus preventing the inhibition of XDH by the high levels of NADH and ensuring the flux of D-xylose through the pathway Aspergillus carbonarius