Any feedback?
Literature summary for 1.1.1.21 extracted from
- Inhibition of aldose reductase by dietary antioxidant curcumin: mechanism of inhibition, specificity and significance (2009), FEBS Lett., 583, 3637-3642.
Application
| Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| diagnostics | AKR1B10 may have a potential role as a tumor marker | Homo sapiens |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| expression of AKR1B10 in Escherichia coli strain BL21, and overexpression of ALR2 in Escherichia coli | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| curcumin | inhibits ALR2 in a non-competitive manner, also inhibits AKR1B10, docking analysis and kinetics, overview. Curcumin is able to suppress sorbitol accumulation in human erythrocytes under high glucose conditions | Homo sapiens |  |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.232 | - |
NADPH | pH 6.0, 30°C, ALR2 | Homo sapiens | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D-glucose + NADPH + H+ | Homo sapiens | - |
sorbitol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | P15121 | ALR2 and AKR1B10 | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant ALR2 from Escherichia coli, and recombinant AKR1B10 from Escherichia coli strain BL21 by anion exchange and affinity chromatography | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| erythrocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleryl)sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NADPH + H+ | ALR2 | Homo sapiens | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| D-glucose + NADPH + H+ | - |
Homo sapiens | sorbitol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| D-glucose + NADPH + H+ | ALR2 | Homo sapiens | sorbitol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| DL-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | AKR1B10 | Homo sapiens | DL-glycerol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| AKR1B1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| AKR1B10 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| aldose reductase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| ALR2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| More | aldose reductase, ALR2 or AKR1B1, and AKR1B10, an aldehyde reductase, belong to aldo-keto reductase, AKR, superfamily | Homo sapiens |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | - |
ALR2 assay at | Homo sapiens |
| 37 | - |
AKR1B10 assay at | Homo sapiens |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | - |
ALR2 assay at | Homo sapiens |
| 7 | - |
AKR1B10 assay at | Homo sapiens |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | |
IC50 Value
| IC50 Value | IC50 Value Maximum | Comment | Organism | Inhibitor | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.01 | - |
pH 6.0, 30°C, ALR2 | Homo sapiens | curcumin | |
| 0.03 | - |
pH 7.0, 37°C, AKR1B10 | Homo sapiens | curcumin | |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| metabolism | ALR2 is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the polyol pathway and reduces glucose to sorbitol utilizing NADPH as a cofactor. Sorbitol is then metabolized to fructose by sorbitol dehydrogenase | Homo sapiens |
Use of this online version of BRENDA is free under the CC BY 4.0 license. See terms of use for full details.
Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
Legal
Curated at
Member of
