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Information on EC 6.2.1.1 - acetate-CoA ligase and Organism(s) Homo sapiens and UniProt Accession Q9NR19

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EC Tree
     6 Ligases
         6.2 Forming carbon-sulfur bonds
             6.2.1 Acid-thiol ligases
                6.2.1.1 acetate-CoA ligase
IUBMB Comments
Also acts on propanoate and propenoate.
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This record set is specific for:
Homo sapiens
UNIPROT: Q9NR19
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
acyl-coa synthetase, acetyl-coa synthetase, acss2, acetyl-coa synthase, acetyl coa synthetase, acetyl-coenzyme a synthetase, codh/acs, acecs2, acetyl coenzyme a synthetase, seacs, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
acetyl-CoA synthetase 2
-
acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2
-
AceCS
-
-
-
-
Acetate thiokinase
-
-
-
-
Acetate--CoA ligase
-
-
-
-
Acetic thiokinase
-
-
-
-
Acetyl activating enzyme
-
-
-
-
Acetyl CoA ligase
-
-
-
-
Acetyl CoA synthase
-
-
-
-
Acetyl coenzyme A synthetase
-
-
-
-
Acetyl-CoA synthase
-
-
-
-
Acetyl-CoA synthetase
-
-
-
-
Acetyl-coenzyme A synthase
-
-
-
-
ACS
-
-
-
-
Acyl-activating enzyme
-
-
-
-
Short chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase
-
-
-
-
Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase
-
-
-
-
Synthetase, acetyl coenzyme A
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Acid-thiol ligation
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
acetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
Also acts on propanoate and propenoate.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9012-31-1
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
AceCS2 is reversibly acetylated at Lys642 in the active site of the enzyme. A mammalian sirtuin directly controls the activity of a metabolic enzyme by means of reversible lysine acetylation
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
AceCS2 is reversibly acetylated at Lys642 in the active site of the enzyme. A mammalian sirtuin directly controls the activity of a metabolic enzyme by means of reversible lysine acetylation
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.073
acetate
-
0.245
ATP
-
0.011
CoA
-
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
malfunction
decreased isoform ACSS2 expression inhibits renal cell carcinoma cell migration and invasion
metabolism
isoform ACSS2 retains acetate to maintain histone acetylation
physiological function
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
ACSA_HUMAN
701
0
78580
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
78000
1 * 78000, SDS-PAGE
80000
gel filtration
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
monomer
1 * 78000, SDS-PAGE
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
production in HEK -293 cells
expression in Escherichia coli
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
enzyme expression is frequently upregulated in cancer. Hypoxia and low-serum culture conditions synergistically enhance isoforms ACSS2 expression
isoform ACSS2 expression is upregulated in renal cell carcinoma cancer tissue
oxygen and serum limitation increase nuclear localization of isoform ACSS2
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
medicine
-
acetyl-CoA synthetase appears to be important in acetate uptake and acetate-dependent lipid synthesis for the growth of cancer cells with a low-glycolysis phenotype
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Luong, A.; Hannah, V.C.; Brown, M.S.; Goldstein, J.L.
Molecular characterization of human acetyl-CoA synthetase, an enzyme regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins
J. Biol. Chem.
275
26458-26466
2000
Homo sapiens (Q9NR19), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Schwer, B.; Bunkenborg, J.; Verdin, R.O.; Andersen, J.S.; Verdin, E.
Reversible lysine acetylation controls the activity of the mitochondrial enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
103
10224-10229
2006
Homo sapiens (Q9NUB1), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Yun, M.; Bang, S.H.; Kim, J.W.; Park, J.Y.; Kim, K.S.; Lee, J.D.
The importance of acetyl coenzyme A synthetase for 11C-acetate uptake and cell survival in hepatocellular carcinoma
J. Nucl. Med.
50
1222-1228
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Schug, Z.T.; Peck, B.; Jones, D.T.; Zhang, Q.; Grosskurth, S.; Alam, I.S.; Goodwin, L.M.; Smethurst, E.; Mason, S.; Blyth, K.; McGarry, L.; James, D.; Shanks, E.; Kalna, G.; Saunders, R.E.; Jiang, M.; Howell, M.; Lassailly, F.; Thin, M.Z.; Spencer-Dene, B.; Stamp, G.; van den Broek, N.J.; Mackay, G.; Bulusu, V.; Kamphorst, J.J.; Tardito, S.; Strachan, D.; Harris, A.L.; Aboagye, E.O.; Critchlow, S.E.; Wakelam, M.J.; Schulze, A.; Gottlieb, E.
Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 promotes acetate utilization and maintains cancer cell growth under metabolic stress
Cancer Cell
27
57-71
2015
Homo sapiens (Q9NR19), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Bulusu, V.; Tumanov, S.; Michalopoulou, E.; van den Broek, N.J.; MacKay, G.; Nixon, C.; Dhayade, S.; Schug, Z.T.; Vande Voorde, J.; Blyth, K.; Gottlieb, E.; Vazquez, A.; Kamphorst, J.J.
Acetate recapturing by nuclear acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 prevents loss of histone acetylation during oxygen and serum limitation
Cell Rep.
18
647-658
2017
Homo sapiens (Q9NR19)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Yao, L.; Guo, X.; Gui, Y.
Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 promotes cell migration and invasion of renal cell carcinoma by upregulating lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 expression
Cell. Physiol. Biochem.
45
984-992
2018
Homo sapiens (Q9NR19)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Vysochan, A.; Sengupta, A.; Weljie, A.M.; Alwine, J.C.; Yu, Y.
ACSS2-mediated acetyl-CoA synthesis from acetate is necessary for human cytomegalovirus infection
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
114
E1528-E1535
2017
Homo sapiens (Q9NR19), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team