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Information on EC 5.3.3.1 - steroid DELTA-isomerase and Organism(s) Homo sapiens and UniProt Accession P26439

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EC Tree
     5 Isomerases
         5.3 Intramolecular oxidoreductases
             5.3.3 Transposing C=C bonds
                5.3.3.1 steroid DELTA-isomerase
IUBMB Comments
This activity is catalysed by several distinct enzymes (cf. EC 1.1.3.6, cholesterol oxidase and EC 1.1.1.145, 3-hydroxy-5-steroid dehydrogenase).
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This record set is specific for:
Homo sapiens
UNIPROT: P26439
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
3beta-hsd, ketosteroid isomerase, delta 5-3-ketosteroid isomerase, steroid isomerase, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase, steroid delta-isomerase, gst a3-3, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta5-delta4 isomerase, 3beta-hsd/isomerase, 5-ene-4-ene isomerase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
3beta-HSD
-
3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase type 2
-
3-Keto-DELTA5-steroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
3-Ketosteroid DELTA5-->DELTA4-isomerase
-
-
-
-
3-Oxo steroid DELTA4-DELTA5-isomerase
-
-
-
-
3-Oxo-delta5 steroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
3-Oxosteroid DELTA4-DELTA5-isomerase
-
-
-
-
3-Oxosteroid DELTA5-DELTA4-isomerase
3-Oxosteroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
3beta-HSD
3beta-HSD/isomerase
-
-
3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase type 1
-
5-Ene-4-ene isomerase
-
-
-
-
5-Pregnene-3,20-dione isomerase
-
-
-
-
delta 5-3-ketosteroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
DELTA-3-ketosteroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
Delta-5-3-ketosteroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
DELTA5(or DELTA4)-3-keto steroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
DELTA5-3-keto steroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
DELTA5-3-ketosteroid isomerase
DELTA5-3-oxosteroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
DELTA5-ketosteroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
DELTA5-steroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
glutathione transferase A3-3
-
Hydroxysteroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
Isomerase, steroid DELTA
-
-
-
-
Steroid 5-->4-isomerase
-
-
-
-
Steroid isomerase
-
-
-
-
type I 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase
-
-
additional information
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
isomerization
intramolecular oxidoreduction
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
3-oxosteroid DELTA5-DELTA4-isomerase
This activity is catalysed by several distinct enzymes (cf. EC 1.1.3.6, cholesterol oxidase and EC 1.1.1.145, 3-hydroxy-5-steroid dehydrogenase).
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9031-36-1
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
5-Androstene-3,17-dione
4-Androstene-3,17-dione
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
5-Androstene-3,17-dione
4-Androstene-3,17-dione
show the reaction diagram
5-Pregnene-3,20-dione
4-Pregnene-3,20-dione
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
dehydroepiandrosterone
3beta-hydroxy-4-androsten-17-one
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
NADH
the cofactor acts as an allosteric activator
NADPH
-
D36A/K37R mutation shifts the cofactor preference of both 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and isomerase from NAD(H) to NADP(H)
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
4alpha,5alpha-epoxy-testosterone
-
-
5-androstene-3,17-dione
-
competitive towards 5-pregnene-3,20-dione
5-Pregnene-3,20-dione
-
competitive inhibitor towards 5-androstene-3,17-dione
CaCl2
-
mild
CdCl2
-
moderate
CuCl2
-
strong
epostane
-
-
FeCl2
-
moderate
N,N-Dimethyl-4-methyl-3-oxo-4-aza-5alpha-androstane-17beta-carboxamide
-
non-competitive inhibition of isomerase, competitive inhibition of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
trilostane
-
-
ZnCl2
-
moderate
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
NADH
the cofactor acts as an allosteric activator
NADH
the cofactor acts as an allosteric activator
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0001 - 0.088
5-androstene-3,17-dione
0.0093 - 0.0097
5-Pregnene-3,20-dione
0.0175 - 0.0884
dehydroepiandrosterone
additional information
additional information
-
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.295 - 13.6
5-androstene-3,17-dione
1990 - 4890
dehydroepiandrosterone
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0028 - 0.0043
4alpha,5alpha-epoxy-testosterone
0.00007 - 0.00184
epostane
0.0001 - 0.00208
trilostane
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
0.622
-
reaction with 5-androsten-3,17-dione, truncated cytosolic enzyme DELTA283-310
additional information
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
6.5 - 8
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
22 - 42
-
22°C: about 60% of maximal activity, 40°C: about 40% of maximal activity
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
isozyme type 2; isozyme type 2
SwissProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
type 2 isozyme
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
type 2 isozyme
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
type 1 isozyme
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
modified enzyme in which the membrane-spanning domain, residues 283-310, of the enzyme protein is deleted in the cDNA is expressed by baculovirus in the cytosol instead of in the microsomes and mitochondria of the Sf9 cells
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
integral membrane protein
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
3BHS2_HUMAN
372
1
42052
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 5)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
19000
-
4 * 19000, enzyme complex of 3beta-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase and steroid DELTA-isomerase, SDS-PAGE
38800
-
x * 38800, truncated soluble enzyme DEALTA283-310
41000
-
2 * 41000, SDS-PAGE
42000
-
x * 42000, wild-type enzyme
76000
-
enzyme complex of 3beta-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase and steroid DELTA-isomerase, gel filtration
77000
-
enzyme complex of 3beta-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase and steroid DELTA-isomerase gel filtration
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dimer
active enzyme, interface is composed of two pairs of helices related by a 2fold symmetry axis, involved residues, overview
dimer
tetramer
-
4 * 19000, enzyme complex of 3beta-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase and steroid DELTA-isomerase, SDS-PAGE
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
GST A3-3 in complex with DELTA5-androstene-3,17-dione, using 100 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.8, 18% (v/v) PEG 4000, and 2 mM dithiothreitol
hanging-drop vapor diffusion method. The inability to crystallize the detergent-solubilized, wild-type microsomal enzyme is overcome by engineering a cytosolic form of this protein. Modified enzyme in which the membrane-spanning domain, residues 283-310 of the enzyme protein is deleted in the cDNA is expressed by baculovirus in the cytosol instead of in the microsomes and mitochondria of the Sf9 cells
-
identification of potentially critical residues M187 and S124 by docking of trilostane or 4alpha,5alpha-epoxy-testosterone into the active site
-
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
H156Y
site-directed mutagenesis, leads to destabilization of interactions at the dimer interface and a dramatic increase in the substrate Km and inhibitor Ki values of 3beta-HSD isozyme 1 to equal those measured for 3beta-HSD isozyme 2
Q105M
site-directed mutagenesis, leads to destabilization of interactions at the dimer interface and a dramatic increase in the substrate Km and inhibitor Ki values of 3beta-HSD isozyme 1 to equal those measured for 3beta-HSD isozyme 2
D241N
-
mutant enzyme nearly has full isomerase activity, substantial decrease in 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Mutant enzyme has a basal isomerase activity in the absence of coenzyme that is 10% of the NADH-stimulated turnover number
D257L
-
complete lack of isomerase activity in absence of coenzyme, substantial decrease in 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity
D258L
-
complete lack of isomerase activity in absence of coenzyme, substantial decrease in 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity
D265N
-
complete lack of isomerase activity in absence of coenzyme, substantial decrease in 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity
D36A/K37R
-
mutation shifts the cofactor preference of both 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and isomerase from NAD(H) to NADP(H)
DELTA283-310
-
the molecular weight of the subunit is 38800 Da compared to 42000 Da for the wild-type enzyme
E126L
site-directed mutagenesis, altered kinetics compared to the wild-type enzyme
H156Y
site-directed mutagenesis, leads to destabilization of interactions at the dimer interface and a dramatic increase in the substrate Km and inhibitor Ki values of 3beta-HSD isozyme 1 to equal those measured for 3beta-HSD isozyme 2
H232A
site-directed mutagenesis, altered kinetics compared to the wild-type enzyme
K158Q
site-directed mutagenesis, results in the complete loss of dehydrogenase activity and a reduction in isomerase activity, probably due to partial destabilization of cofactor binding, in which the catalytic triad is actively involved, and associated substrate binding
M187T
-
increase in affinity for NADH as an allosteric activator
N100A
site-directed mutagenesis, altered kinetics compared to the wild-type enzyme
N100S
site-directed mutagenesis, altered kinetics compared to the wild-type enzyme
N323L
site-directed mutagenesis, altered kinetics compared to the wild-type enzyme
Q105M
site-directed mutagenesis, leads to destabilization of interactions at the dimer interface and a dramatic increase in the substrate Km and inhibitor Ki values of 3beta-HSD isozyme 1 to equal those measured for 3beta-HSD isozyme 2
S124A
site-directed mutagenesis, results in the complete loss of dehydrogenase activity and a reduction in isomerase activity, probably due to partial destabilization of cofactor binding, in which the catalytic triad is actively involved, and associated substrate binding
S124T
-
11fold decrease in affinity to substrate
S322A
site-directed mutagenesis, altered kinetics compared to the wild-type enzyme
Y154F
site-directed mutagenesis, results in the complete loss of dehydrogenase activity and a reduction in isomerase activity, probably due to partial destabilization of cofactor binding, in which the catalytic triad is actively involved, and associated substrate binding
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
22
-
31.5% loss of activity after 4 days
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-20°C, 4.3% loss of activity after 2 weeks
-
-70°C, 6 months, no loss of activity
-
22°C, 31.5% loss of activity after 4 days
-
4°C, 12.5% loss of activity after 7 days
-
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
enzyme complex of 3beta-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase and steroid 5 to 4 isomerase
-
glutathione-Sepharose column chromatography
modified enzyme in which the membrane-spanning domain, residues 283-310, of the enzyme protein is deleted in the cDNA is expressed by baculovirus in the cytosol instead of in the microsomes and mitochondria of the Sf9 cells
-
mutant enzymes D36A/K37R, D241N, D257L, D258L and D265N are expressed in a baculovirus/Sf9 cell system
-
recombinant type 1 isozyme, wild-type and mutant enzymes, from Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in HeLa cells
-
expression of type 1 isozyme, wild-type and mutant enzymes, in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells via baculovirus infection
insect Sf9 cells transfected with recombinant baculovirus
-
mutant enzymes D36A/K37R, D241N, D257L, D258L and D265N are expressed in a baculovirus/Sf9 cell system
-
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Thomas, J.L.; Berko, E.A.; Faustino, A.; Myers, R.P.; Strickler, R.C.
Human placental 3beta-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase and steroid 5-->4-ene-isomerase: purification from microsomes, substrate kinetics, and inhibition by product steroids
J. Steroid Biochem.
31
785-793
1988
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Thomas, J.L.; Myers, R.P.; Strickler, R.C.
Human placental 3beta-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase and steroid 5-->4-ene-isomerase: purification from mitochondria and kinetic profiles, biophysical characterization of the purified mitochondrial and microsomal enzymes
J. Steroid Biochem.
33
209-217
1989
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Van Luu-The; Takahashi, M.; Labrie, F.
Differential inhibition of dehydrogenase and 5ene->4-ene isomerase activities of purified 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Evidence for two distinct sites
J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.
40
545-548
1991
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Dumont, M.; van Luu-The; Dupont, E.; Pelletier, G.; Llabrie, F.
Characterization, expression, and immunohistochemical localization of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/DELTA5-DELTA4 isomerase in human skin
J. Invest. Dermatol.
99
415-421
1992
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Thomas, J.L.; Mason, J.I.; Blanco, G.; Veisaga, M.L.
The engineered, cytosolic form of human type I 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase: purification, characterization and crystallization
J. Mol. Endocrinol.
27
77-83
2001
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Thomas, J.L.; Duax, W.L.; Addlagatta, A.; Brandt, S.; Fuller, R.R.; Norris, W.
Structure/function relationships responsible for coenzyme specificity and the isomerase activity of human type 1 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase
J. Biol. Chem.
278
35483-35490
2003
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Thomas, J.L.; Boswell, E.L.; Scaccia, L.A.; Pletnev, V.; Umland, T.C.
Identification of key amino acids responsible for the substantially higher affinities of human type 1 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase (3b-HSD1) for substrates, coenzymes, and inhibitors relative to human 3b-HSD2
J. Biol. Chem.
280
21321-21328
2005
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Pletnev, V.Z.; Thomas, J.L.; Rhaney, F.L.; Holt, L.S.; Scaccia, L.A.; Umland, T.C.; Duax, W.L.
Rational proteomics V: structure-based mutagenesis has revealed key residues responsible for substrate recognition and catalysis by the dehydrogenase and isomerase activities in human 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase type 1
J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.
101
50-60
2006
Homo sapiens (P14060), Homo sapiens (P26439), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Thomas, J.L.; Mack, V.L.; Glow, J.A.; Moshkelani, D.; Terrell, J.R.; Bucholtz, K.M.
Structure/function of the inhibition of human 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and type 2 by trilostane
J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.
111
66-73
2008
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Tars, K.; Olin, B.; Mannervik, B.
Structural basis for featuring of steroid isomerase activity in alpha class glutathione transferases
J. Mol. Biol.
397
332-340
2010
Homo sapiens (Q16772), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team