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cis-aconitate + H2O
isocitrate
citrate
cis-aconitate + H2O
citrate
isocitrate
-
-
-
-
?
isocitrate
citrate
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
cis-aconitate + H2O
isocitrate
-
-
-
?
cis-aconitate + H2O
isocitrate
-
-
-
?
cis-aconitate + H2O
isocitrate
-
-
-
-
?
citrate
cis-aconitate + H2O
-
-
-
?
citrate
cis-aconitate + H2O
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron, overview. IRP2 dominates in the regulation of iron metabolism in mammals. Decrease in enzyme activity and increase in citrate content in the tissues of mammals under hypoxia, ischemia, hyperoxia, and CCl4-induced hepatitis. Regulation, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron, overview. IRP2 dominates in the regulation of iron metabolism in mammals. Decrease in enzyme activity and increase in citrate content in the tissues of mammals under hypoxia, ischemia, hyperoxia, and CCl4-induced hepatitis. Regulation, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
IRP shows RNA-binding activity, which is affected by some hormones and growth factors, e.g. thyroid, erythropoietin, and epidermal growth factor
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
IRP shows RNA-binding activity, which is affected by some hormones and growth factors, e.g. thyroid, erythropoietin, and epidermal growth factor
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Mn2+ exposure leads to a region-specific alteration in total aconitase: 48.5% reduction of the enzyme activity in frontal cortex, 33.7% in striatum and 20.6% in substantia nigra. This leads to the disruption of mitochondrial energy production and cellular Fe metabolism in the brain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in the assimilation of Fe and excess dietary Zn can result in negative interactions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
effects of lipoic acid on intensity of free radical reactions, citrate content, and aconitate hydratase during myocardial ischemia, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
regulation of mitochondrial aconitase activity by protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation, augmented phosphorylation of mitochondrial aconitase in diabetic hearts is associated with an increase in its reverse activity, converting isocitrate to aconitate, while the rate of the forward activity is unchanged, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron, overview. Decrease in enzyme activity and increase in citrate content in the tissues of mammals under hypoxia, ischemia, hyperoxia, and CCl4-induced hepatitis. Regulation, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron, overview. Decrease in enzyme activity and increase in citrate content in the tissues of mammals under hypoxia, ischemia, hyperoxia, and CCl4-induced hepatitis. Regulation, overview
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
additional information
?
-
additional information
?
-
-
role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron, overview. IRP2 dominates in the regulation of iron metabolism in mammals. Decrease in enzyme activity and increase in citrate content in the tissues of mammals under hypoxia, ischemia, hyperoxia, and CCl4-induced hepatitis. Regulation, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron, overview. IRP2 dominates in the regulation of iron metabolism in mammals. Decrease in enzyme activity and increase in citrate content in the tissues of mammals under hypoxia, ischemia, hyperoxia, and CCl4-induced hepatitis. Regulation, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Mn2+ exposure leads to a region-specific alteration in total aconitase: 48.5% reduction of the enzyme activity in frontal cortex, 33.7% in striatum and 20.6% in substantia nigra. This leads to the disruption of mitochondrial energy production and cellular Fe metabolism in the brain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in the assimilation of Fe and excess dietary Zn can result in negative interactions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
effects of lipoic acid on intensity of free radical reactions, citrate content, and aconitate hydratase during myocardial ischemia, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
regulation of mitochondrial aconitase activity by protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation, augmented phosphorylation of mitochondrial aconitase in diabetic hearts is associated with an increase in its reverse activity, converting isocitrate to aconitate, while the rate of the forward activity is unchanged, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron, overview. Decrease in enzyme activity and increase in citrate content in the tissues of mammals under hypoxia, ischemia, hyperoxia, and CCl4-induced hepatitis. Regulation, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron, overview. Decrease in enzyme activity and increase in citrate content in the tissues of mammals under hypoxia, ischemia, hyperoxia, and CCl4-induced hepatitis. Regulation, overview
-
-
?
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citrate
citrate accumulation under enzyme inhibition restricts the formation of hydroxyl radical in the Fenton reaction through the binding of iron ions, and it thus protects the enzyme from inactivation
H2O2
-
H2O2 does not exert its inhibitory effects by acting directly on the enzyme, rather inactivation appears to result from interactions between aconitase and a mitochondrial membrane component responsive to H2O2. Prolonged exposure of mitochondria to steady-state levels of H2O2 or O2- results in disassembly of the [4Fe-4S]2+ cluster, carbonylation, and protein degradation
indomethacin
-
a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, carbonylation of aconitase and release of iron along with the loss of activity in vivo after indomethacin treatment, activation of mitochondrial death pathway by indomethacin, overview
Mn2+
-
inhibition of enzyme, resulting in up to 90% increase in intracellular citrate. Mitochondrial isoform is significantly more sensitive to Mn2+ than cytosolic isoform. Inhibition leads to conversion of enzyme to iron regulatory protein IRP 1 and increases the abundance of IRP2, leading to reduced H-ferritin expression, inreased transferrin receptor expression, and increased uptake of transferrin. IRP2 has a dominant role in Mn2+-induced alteration of iron homeostasis over aconitase/IRP1
Oxalomalate
-
competitive
peroxynitrite
-
i.e. ONOO-. 0.03-3 mM L-Cys, 0.03-3 mM glutathione, or 0.1-3 mM N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine protects. 1 mM FeSO4 markedly enhances the protection provided by L-Cys, but not by glutathione or N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine
S(1,1,2,2)-tetrafluoroethyl-L-cysteine
inhibition of renal aconitase activity both in vivo and in vitro is a functional consequence of difluorothioamidyl-L-lysine formation by S(1,1,2,2)-tetrafluoroethyl-L-cysteine
superoxide anion radical
-
Fluorocitrate
-
-
Fluorocitrate
-
linear competitive
Zn2+
-
competitive inhibition
Zn2+
-
inhibition of mitochondrial isoenzyme
Zn2+
-
no inhibition of the cytopsolic isoenzyme
Zn2+
-
competitive, the inhibitory effect is specific for the citrate to cis-aconitate reaction
Zn2+
a specific inhibitor of mitochondrial isozyme
additional information
-
enzyme competitive inhibition by di- and tricarboxylic acids, and inactivation due to modification of cysteine and tyrosine residues
-
additional information
enzyme competitive inhibition by di- and tricarboxylic acids, and inactivation due to modification of cysteine and tyrosine residues
-
additional information
-
enzyme competitive inhibition by di- and tricarboxylic acids, and inactivation due to modification of cysteine and tyrosine residues
-
additional information
enzyme competitive inhibition by di- and tricarboxylic acids, and inactivation due to modification of cysteine and tyrosine residues
-
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Pickworth Glusker, J.
Aconitase
The Enzymes, 3rd Ed. (Boyer, P. D. , ed. )
5
413-439
1971
Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, Bos taurus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Glycine max, Rattus norvegicus, Rheum sp., Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Sinapis alba, Solanum tuberosum, Sus scrofa
-
brenda
Guarriero-Bobyleva, V.; Volpi-Becchi, M.A.; Masini, A.
Parallel partial purification of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial aconitate hydratases from rat liver
Eur. J. Biochem.
34
455-458
1973
Rattus norvegicus
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Zheng, W.; Ren, S.; Graziano, J.H.
Manganese inhibits mitochondrial aconitase: a mechanism of manganese neurotoxicity
Brain Res.
799
334-342
1998
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Costello, L.C.; Liu, Y.; Franklin, R.B.; Kennedy, M.C.
Zinc inhibition of mitochondrial aconitase and its importance in citrate metabolism of prostate epithelial cells
J. Biol. Chem.
272
28875-28881
1997
Bos taurus, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
brenda
Cheung, P.Y.; Danial, H.; Jong, J.; Schulz, R.
Thiols protect the inhibition of myocardial aconitase by peroxynitrite
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
350
104-108
1988
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Ho, K.P.; Xiao, D.S.; Ke, Y.; Qian, Z.M.
Exercise decreases cytosolic aconitase activity in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow in rats
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
282
264-267
2001
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
James, E.A.; Gygi, S.P.; Adams, M.L.; Pierce, R.H.; Fausto, N.; Aebersold, R.H.; Nelson, S.D.; Bruschi, S.A.
Mitochondrial aconitase modification, functional inhibition, and evidence for a supramolecular complex of the TCA cycle by the renal toxicant S-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)-L-cysteine
Biochemistry
41
6789-6797
2002
Rattus norvegicus (Q9ER34), Rattus norvegicus Male Fischer 344 (Q9ER34)
brenda
Bulteau, A.L.; Ikeda-Saito, M.; Szweda, L.I.
Redox-dependent modulation of aconitase activity in intact mitochondria
Biochemistry
42
14846-14855
2003
Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawley
brenda
Ilangovan, G.; Venkatakrishnan, C.D.; Bratasz, A.; Osinbowale, S.; Cardounel, A.J.; Zweier, J.L.; Kuppusamy, P.
Heat shock-induced attenuation of hydroxyl radical generation and mitochondrial aconitase activity in cardiac H9c2 cells
Am. J. Physiol.
290
C313-324
2006
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sreedhar, B.; Nair, K.M.
Iron dependence and zinc inhibition of duodenal cytosolic aconitase of rat
Indian J. Biochem. Biophys.
41
250-253
2004
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Mason, K.E.; Stofan, D.A.
Endotoxin challenge reduces aconitase activity in myocardial tissue
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
469
151-156
2008
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Crooks, D.R.; Ghosh, M.C.; Braun-Sommargren, M.; Rouault, T.A.; Smith, D.R.
Manganese targets m-aconitase and activates iron regulatory protein 2 in AF5 GABAergic cells
J. Neurosci. Res.
85
1797-1809
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Makeeva, A.V.; Popova, T.N.; Matasova, L.V.; Yama, I.N.
Effects of lipoic acid on citrate content, aconitate hydratase activity, and oxidative status during myocardial ischemia in rats
Biochemistry (Moscow)
73
76-79
2008
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Matasova, L.V.; Popova, T.N.
Aconitate hydratase of mammals under oxidative stress
Biochemistry (Moscow)
73
957-964
2008
Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens (P21399), Mus musculus, Mus musculus (P28271), Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus (Q63270)
brenda
Lin, G.; Brownsey, R.W.; Macleod, K.M.
Regulation of mitochondrial aconitase by phosphorylation in diabetic rat heart
Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
66
919-932
2009
Rattus norvegicus (Q9ER34)
brenda
Maity, P.; Bindu, S.; Dey, S.; Goyal, M.; Alam, A.; Pal, C.; Mitra, K.; Bandyopadhyay, U.
Indomethacin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, develops gastropathy by inducing reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathology and associated apoptosis in gastric mucosa: a novel role of mitochondrial aconitase oxidation
J. Biol. Chem.
284
3058-3068
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Cantu, D.; Schaack, J.; Patel, M.
Oxidative inactivation of mitochondrial aconitase results in iron and H2O2-mediated neurotoxicity in rat primary mesencephalic cultures
PLoS ONE
4
e7095
2009
Rattus norvegicus (Q9ER34)
brenda
Scandroglio, F.; Tortora, V.; Radi, R.; Castro, L.
Metabolic control analysis of mitochondrial aconitase: influence over respiration and mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production
Free Radic. Res.
48
684-693
2014
Rattus norvegicus
brenda