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Information on EC 4.1.1.31 - phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and Organism(s) Flaveria trinervia and UniProt Accession P30694

for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC4.1.1.31
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EC Tree
     4 Lyases
         4.1 Carbon-carbon lyases
             4.1.1 Carboxy-lyases
                4.1.1.31 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
IUBMB Comments
This enzyme replenishes oxaloacetate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle when operating in the reverse direction. The reaction proceeds in two steps: formation of carboxyphosphate and the enolate form of pyruvate, followed by carboxylation of the enolate and release of phosphate.
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This record set is specific for:
Flaveria trinervia
UNIPROT: P30694
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Flaveria trinervia
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
pepck, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pepc, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, pepcase, pep carboxylase, c4 pepc, pepc1, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase, pep-carboxylase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
PEP carboxylase
-
Carboxylase, phosphopyruvate (phosphate)
-
-
-
-
CP21
-
-
-
-
CP28
-
-
-
-
CP46
-
-
-
-
PEP carboxylase
-
-
-
-
PEPCase
-
-
-
-
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
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-
-
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Phosphoenolpyruvic carboxylase
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-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
carboxylation
-
-
-
-
decarboxylation
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
phosphate:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (adding phosphate; phosphoenolpyruvate-forming)
This enzyme replenishes oxaloacetate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle when operating in the reverse direction. The reaction proceeds in two steps: formation of carboxyphosphate and the enolate form of pyruvate, followed by carboxylation of the enolate and release of phosphate.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9067-77-0
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phosphate + oxaloacetate
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
show the reaction diagram
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phosphate + oxaloacetate
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(3-bromophenyl)-4-(3-hydroxybenzylidene)-pyrazolidine-3,5-dione
compound has a selectivity factor of 16.6 over C3 PepC
2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-quinoxaline
-
AG 1433
i.e. 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethylquinoxaline
epigallocatechin gallate
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
ethylene glycol
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-
glucose 6-phosphate
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-
L-glucose 6-phosphate
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-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
additional information
-
-
-
IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.103
(+)-catechin
Flaveria trinervia
at pH 8.0 and 25°C
0.00196
(3-bromophenyl)-4-(3-hydroxybenzylidene)-pyrazolidine-3,5-dione
Flaveria trinervia
pH 7.5, 25°C
0.065
2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-quinoxaline
Flaveria trinervia
at pH 8.0 and 25°C
0.039
AG 1433
Flaveria trinervia
at pH 8.0 and 25°C
8.7
malate
Flaveria trinervia
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
-
the enzyme is a key player in C4 photosynthesis
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
CAPPA_FLATR
966
0
110406
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
docking of compound (3-bromophenyl)-4-(3-hydroxybenzylidene)-pyrazolidine-3,5-dione into the binding sites of C3 and C4 PepC
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
His-Trap FF or HP column chromatography
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Escherichia coli strains BL21(DE) and BL21-Gold(DE)
expression in Escherichia coli
expression in Escherichia coli
-
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Adams, C.A.; Leung, F.; Sun, S.S.M.
Molecular properties of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from C3, C3-C4 intermediate, and C4 Flaveria species
Planta
167
218-225
1986
Flaveria cronquistii, Flaveria floridana, Flaveria trinervia
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Svensson, P.; Blsing, O.E.; Westhoff, P.
Evolution of the enzymatic characteristics of C4 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. A comparison of the orthologous PPCA phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases of Flaveria trinervia (C4) and Flaveria pringlei (C3)
Eur. J. Biochem.
246
452-460
1997
Flaveria pringlei, Flaveria trinervia
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Paulus, J.K.; Foerster, K.; Groth, G.
Direct and selective small-molecule inhibition of photosynthetic PEP carboxylase: New approach to combat C4 weeds in arable crops
FEBS Lett.
588
2101-2106
2014
Flaveria trinervia (P30694), Flaveria pringlei (Q01647)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Paulus, J.K.; Niehus, C.; Groth, G.
Evolution of C4 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase: enhanced feedback inhibitor tolerance is determined by a single residue
Mol. Plant
6
1996-1999
2013
Flaveria trinervia, Flaveria pringlei (Q01647)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Schlieper, D.; Frster, K.; Paulus, J.K.; Groth, G.
Resolving the activation site of positive regulators in plant phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
Mol. Plant
7
437-440
2013
Flaveria trinervia
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Dick, M.; Erlenkamp, G.; Nguyen, G.T.T.; Foerster, K.; Groth, G.; Gohlke, H.
Pyrazolidine-3,5-dione-based inhibitors of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase as a new class of potential C
FEBS Lett.
591
3369-3377
2017
Flaveria trinervia (P30694), Flaveria pringlei (Q01647)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team