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Disease on EC 4.1.1.15 - glutamate decarboxylase

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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
4-aminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase deficiency
4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-transaminase) deficiency.
The pediatric neurotransmitter disorders.
Acidosis
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH ALPELISIB TREATMENT OF METASTATIC BREAST CANCER.
Japanese cases of acute onset diabetic ketosis without acidosis in the absence of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody.
The first series of cases of ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (flatbush diabetes) in Brazilian adults.
[The effect of chronic acidosis on the activity of renal glutamate decarboxylase and GABA-transaminase]
Addison Disease
Etiological diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency using an original flowchart of immune and biochemical markers.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody assay using 125I-labelled recombinant GAD65 produced in yeast.
Isolation and characterization of human monoclonal autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Positive autoantibodies to ZnT8 indicate elevated risk for additional autoimmune conditions in patients with Addison's disease.
Adenocarcinoma
A fluorescence-coupled assay for gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) reveals metabolic stress-induced modulation of GABA content in neuroendocrine cancer.
Ornithine decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase 65 as prognostic markers of gallbladder malignancy: a clinicopathological study in benign and malignant lesions of the gallbladder.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung
Prognostic significance of GAD1 overexpression in patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma.
Adenomatous Polyps
Ornithine decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase 65 as prognostic markers of gallbladder malignancy: a clinicopathological study in benign and malignant lesions of the gallbladder.
Adenomyosis
Possible Loss of GABAergic Inhibition in Mice With Induced Adenomyosis and Treatment With Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Attenuates the Loss With Improved Hyperalgesia.
Adrenoleukodystrophy
Etiological diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency using an original flowchart of immune and biochemical markers.
Alzheimer Disease
Enzyme activities in relation to pH and lactate in postmortem brain in Alzheimer-type and other dementias.
GABAergic deafferentation hypothesis of brain aging and Alzheimer's disease revisited.
GAD65, GAD67, and GABAT immunostaining in human brain and apparent GAD65 loss in Alzheimer's disease.
Gad67 haploinsufficiency reduces amyloid pathology and rescues olfactory memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Glutamate and GABA-Metabolizing Enzymes in Post-mortem Cerebellum in Alzheimer's Disease: Phosphate-Activated Glutaminase and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase.
Implications for altered glutamate and GABA metabolism in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of aged schizophrenic patients.
Increasing thermal stability and catalytic activity of glutamate decarboxylase in E. coli: An in silico study.
Neurotransmitter enzyme abnormalities in senile dementia. Choline acetyltransferase and glutamic acid decarboxylase activities in necropsy brain tissue.
Neurotransmitter-related enzymes in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type.
Striatal expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase gene in Alzheimer's disease.
[A role of glutamate decarboxylase in Alzheimer's disease].
[Impaired cerebral glutamate metabolism in mental diseases (Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia]
Amnesia
Antibodies to voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels in epilepsy.
Profound amnesia after temporal lobectomy: an autoimmune process resembling patient h.m.?
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Anaphylaxis
Severe anaphylactic reactions to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) self peptides in NOD mice that spontaneously develop autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Anemia
Recent progress in gene therapy for Parkinson's disease.
Anemia, Hypochromic
?-Aminobutyric Acid Suppresses Iron Transportation from Roots to Shoots in Rice Seedlings by Inducing Aerenchyma Formation.
Anemia, Pernicious
GAD65 neurological autoimmunity.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
HLA-associated inverse correlation between T cell and antibody responsiveness to islet autoantigen in recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Recent Patents on Immunoregulatory DNA Vaccines for Autoimmune Diseases and Allograft Rejection.
Asthma
TH1/TH2 cytokine balance in patients with both type 1 diabetes mellitus and asthma.
Astrocytoma
Loss of inhibitory synapses on the soma and axon initial segment of pyramidal cells in human epileptic peritumoural neocortex: implications for epilepsy.
Ataxia
Anti-GAD65 Containing Cerebrospinal Fluid Does not Alter GABAergic Transmission.
Cerebellar ataxia with glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies.
Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Rituximab for Cerebellar Ataxia with Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies.
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
Parkinsonian features in aging GFAP.HMOX1 transgenic mice overexpressing human HO-1 in the astroglial compartment.
Presentation of opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Responses to and Outcomes of Treatment of Autoimmune Cerebellar Ataxia in Adults.
Stiff Person syndrome and other anti-GAD-associated neurologic disorders.
Suppression of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia by herpes simplex virus vector mediated gene delivery of glutamic acid decarboxylase in spinal cord injured rats.
Atherosclerosis
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies are indicators of the course, but not of the onset, of diabetes in middle-aged adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.
Autoimmune Diseases
A signal located within amino acids 1-27 of GAD65 is required for its targeting to the Golgi complex region.
Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Anti-ganglioside autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes.
Antibodies to SOX13 (ICA12) are associated with type 1 diabetes.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 64,000-Mr islet cell protein (64K) antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with and without autoimmune diseases in Japan.
Autoimmune Epilepsy.
Autoimmunity since the 1957 clonal selection theory: a little acorn to a large oak.
Cloning and sequence analysis of a murine cDNA encoding glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65).
Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Correlations of Clusters of Non-Convulsive Seizure and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Case With GAD65-Positive Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis.
Detection of GAD65 antibodies in diabetes and other autoimmune diseases using a simple radioligand assay.
Elevated Serum GAD65 and GAD65-GADA Immune Complexes in Stiff Person Syndrome.
Familial autoimmunity in neurological patients with GAD65 antibodies: an interview-based study.
Fusion proteins for combined analysis of autoantibodies to the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen-2 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
GAD65 neurological autoimmunity.
GAD65-Reactive T cells in a non-diabetic stiff-man syndrome patient.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 67-reactive T cells: a marker of insulin-dependent diabetes.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus exhibit similarities and differences in epitope recognition.
Human B cells secreting immunoglobulin G to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 from a nondiabetic patient with multiple autoantibodies and Graves' disease: a comparison with those present in type 1 diabetes.
Humoral and cellular autoimmune responses in stiff person syndrome.
Interactions of Human Autoantibodies with Hippocampal GABAergic Synaptic Transmission - Analyzing Antibody-Induced Effects ex vivo.
Maternal autoimmune thyroid disease and the fetal immune system.
Monozygotic twins discordant for epilepsy differ in the levels of potentially pathogenic autoantibodies and cytokines.
Multiplicity of the antibody response to GAD65 in Type I diabetes.
Primary DQ effect in the association between HLA and neurological syndromes with anti-GAD65 antibodies.
Retroviral delivery of GAD-IgG fusion construct induces tolerance and modulates diabetes: a role for CD4+ regulatory T cells and TGF-beta?
Role of GAD peptides p217 and p290 in the repair of INS receptor in salivary tissues of type 1 diabetic mice.
Spontaneous loss of T-cell tolerance to glutamic acid decarboxylase in murine insulin-dependent diabetes.
Stiff-person syndrome with amphiphysin antibodies: distinctive features of a rare disease.
Stiff-person syndrome: an autoimmune disease.
Stiff-person syndrome: case series.
Structural determinants of GAD antigenicity.
Structural model of human GAD65: prediction and interpretation of biochemical and immunogenic features.
The activity of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha as an oxidative stress marker in vivo in paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and associated autoimmunities.
The insulin gene is transcribed in the human thymus and transcription levels correlated with allelic variation at the INS VNTR-IDDM2 susceptibility locus for type 1 diabetes.
The Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Type 1 Diabetes.
Widespread expression of an autoantigen-GAD65 transgene does not tolerize non-obese diabetic mice and can exacerbate disease.
[A stiff-legged man with a bizarre gait]
Behcet Syndrome
Autoimmunity and oxidatively modified autoantigens.
Oxidatively modified autoantigens in autoimmune diseases.
Bradycardia
Exercise training increases GAD65 expression, restores the depressed GABAA receptor function within the PVN and reduces sympathetic modulation in hypertension.
Brain Diseases
Abnormal chloride homeostasis in the substancia nigra pars reticulata contributes to locomotor deficiency in a model of acute liver injury.
Autoimmune Encephalopathies and Dementias.
Bi-allelic GAD1 variants cause a neonatal onset syndromic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.
Changes in the metabolism and binding of GABA in the rat brain in thioacetamide-induced hepatogenic encephalopathy.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in cerebrospinal fluid in infancy and childhood Part II. Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of children with neurological diseases.
Brain Injuries
Adaptive Mechanisms of Somatostatin-Positive Interneurons after Traumatic Brain Injury through a Switch of ? Subunits in L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels.
[Cerebrospinal fluid as informative source of the brain]
Brain Ischemia
Age-dependent vulnerability of brain choline acetyltransferase activity to transient cerebral ischemia in rats.
Immunocytochemical investigation of L-glutamic acid decarboxylase in the rat hippocampal formation: the influence of transient cerebral ischemia.
Brain Neoplasms
The gamma-aminobutyric acid content and glutamate decarboxylase activity of brain tumours.
Breast Neoplasms
Ornithine decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase 65 as prognostic markers of gallbladder malignancy: a clinicopathological study in benign and malignant lesions of the gallbladder.
Bronchopneumonia
Pathological evidence of encephalomyelitis in the stiff man syndrome with anti-GAD antibodies.
Carcinogenesis
Ornithine decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase 65 as prognostic markers of gallbladder malignancy: a clinicopathological study in benign and malignant lesions of the gallbladder.
Carcinoma
A fluorescence-coupled assay for gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) reveals metabolic stress-induced modulation of GABA content in neuroendocrine cancer.
Atezolizumab-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Characterization of a linear epitope within the human pancreatic 64-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase and its autoimmune recognition by sera from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
Development of autoimmune diabetes with severe diabetic ketoacidosis and immune-related thyroiditis secondary to durvalumab: a case report.
Glucose metabolism via the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis and Krebs cycle in an orthotopic mouse model of human brain tumors.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-positive paraneoplastic stiff limb syndrome associated with carcinoma of the breast.
Humoral immunity against glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
A fluorescence-coupled assay for gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) reveals metabolic stress-induced modulation of GABA content in neuroendocrine cancer.
Atezolizumab-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Glucose metabolism via the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis and Krebs cycle in an orthotopic mouse model of human brain tumors.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Development of autoimmune diabetes with severe diabetic ketoacidosis and immune-related thyroiditis secondary to durvalumab: a case report.
Cardiomegaly
Apigenin Improves Hypertension and Cardiac Hypertrophy Through Modulating NADPH Oxidase-Dependent ROS Generation and Cytokines in Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus.
Catalepsy
Cortical modulation of striatal function.
Expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA in striatum and pallidum in an animal model of tardive dyskinesia.
Glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in rat pallidum: comparison of the effects of haloperidol, clozapine and combined haloperidol-scopolamine treatments.
Unilateral nigrostriatal lesions induce a bilateral increase in glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in the reticular thalamic nucleus.
Cataplexy
Search for neuron-specific and nonneuron-specific antibodies in narcoleptic patients with and without HLA DQB1*0602.
Celiac Disease
Autoantibody frequency in celiac disease.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) & tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG) antibodies in patients with thyroid autoimmunity.
Central Nervous System Diseases
Auto-destruction of the thyroid gland and coexisting glutamic acid decarboxylase mediated neurological disease in an adolescent: an unusual presentation of autoimmunity.
High-dose intravenous immune globulin for stiff-person syndrome.
Cerebellar Ataxia
A Rare Case of Cerebellar Ataxia Due to Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies.
A rare saccade velocity profile in Stiff-Person Syndrome with cerebellar degeneration.
A unique combination of autoimmune limbic encephalitis, type 1 diabetes, and Stiff person syndrome associated with GAD-65 antibody.
A Variant of Alternating Skew Deviation in GAD65 Antibody-Associated Cerebellar Ataxia.
Anti-GAD antibodies and periodic alternating nystagmus.
Antibody repertoire in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and small cell lung cancer.
Antigenic differences between neurological and diabetic patients with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with therapy-resistant epilepsy.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in three patients with cerebellar ataxia, late-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and polyendocrine autoimmunity.
Autoimmune and paraneoplastic movement disorders: An update.
Autoimmune cerebellar ataxia with glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies associated with central vestibular symptoms.
Autoimmune encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: a case series.
Case Report: Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated With Anti-glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies: A Pediatric Case Series.
Cerebellar ataxia and autoantibodies restricted to glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67).
Cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy with anti-GAD antibodies: treatment with IVIG and plasmapheresis.
Cerebellar ataxia and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: immunologic profile and long-term effect of immunotherapy.
Cerebellar ataxia associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies.
Cerebellar ataxia with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: study of 14 patients.
Cerebellar ataxia with glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies.
Clinical spectrum of high-titre GAD65 antibodies.
Cortical dysfunction in cerebellar ataxia with antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Disease-specific monoclonal antibodies targeting glutamate decarboxylase impair GABAergic neurotransmission and affect motor learning and behavioral functions.
Familial autoimmunity in neurological patients with GAD65 antibodies: an interview-based study.
GABA-A receptor impairment in cerebellar ataxia with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
GAD antibodies in neurological disorders - insights and challenges.
GAD antibody-spectrum disorders: progress in clinical phenotypes, immunopathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.
Homozygosity for a missense mutation in the 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in a family with autosomal recessive spastic cerebral palsy: parallels with Stiff-Person Syndrome and other movement disorders.
Interactions of Human Autoantibodies with Hippocampal GABAergic Synaptic Transmission - Analyzing Antibody-Induced Effects ex vivo.
Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Rituximab for Cerebellar Ataxia with Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies.
Lesson of the month 2: Autoimmune sequelae of anti-GAD antibodies - thinking outside the box.
Neurochondrin Antibody Serum Positivity in Three Cases of Autoimmune Cerebellar Ataxia.
Opsoclonus in a patient with increased titers of anti-GAD antibody provides proof for the conductance-based model of saccadic oscillations.
Pathogenic Roles of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65 Autoantibodies in Cerebellar Ataxias.
Presynaptic impairment of cerebellar inhibitory synapses by an autoantibody to glutamate decarboxylase.
Presynaptic inhibition of cerebellar GABAergic transmission by glutamate decarboxylase autoantibodies in progressive cerebellar ataxia.
Rapidly Progressive Cerebellar Hemiataxia with High Levels of GAD65 Reactive Antibodies.
Respective implications of glutamate decarboxylase antibodies in stiff person syndrome and cerebellar ataxia.
Selective suppression of cerebellar GABAergic transmission by an autoantibody to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Stiff-person syndrome associated with cerebellar ataxia and high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titer.
T-cell reactivity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in stiff-man syndrome and cerebellar ataxia associated with polyendocrine autoimmunity.
Therapeutic plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with anti-GAD antibody-related epilepsy: Quantification of the antibody response.
Transient Neurological Symptoms Preceding Cerebellar Ataxia with Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies.
[Anti-GAD antibodies in paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia associated with limbic encephalitis and autonomic dysfunction.]
[Stiff-person syndrome and other neurological disorders associated with anti-GAD antibodies.]
Cerebral Palsy
Homozygosity for a missense mutation in the 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in a family with autosomal recessive spastic cerebral palsy: parallels with Stiff-Person Syndrome and other movement disorders.
Chickenpox
Reduced activity of GAD67 expressing cells in the reticular thalamus enhance thalamic excitatory activity and varicella zoster virus associated pain.
Cholangiocarcinoma
Case report: pembrolizumab-induced Type 1 diabetes in a patient with metastatic cholangiocarcinoma.
Cholecystitis
Ornithine decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase 65 as prognostic markers of gallbladder malignancy: a clinicopathological study in benign and malignant lesions of the gallbladder.
Cholera
Autoantigens plus interleukin-10 suppress diabetes autoimmunity.
Axon terminals possessing the alpha 2c-adrenergic receptor in the rat dorsal horn are predominantly excitatory.
Bacterial and plant enterotoxin B subunit-autoantigen fusion proteins suppress diabetes insulitis.
Brain sources of inhibitory input to the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla.
Cholera toxin B subunit linked to glutamic acid decarboxylase suppresses dendritic cell maturation and function.
Cloning, expression, purification and characterization of the cholera toxin B subunit and triple glutamic acid decarboxylase epitopes fusion protein in Escherichia coli.
GABAergic and other noncholinergic basal forebrain neurons, together with cholinergic neurons, project to the mesocortex and isocortex in the rat.
GABAergic projection from the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra to the periaqueductal gray region and the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Immunotherapy of autoimmune diabetes by nasal administration of tandem glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 peptides.
Pre-embedding staining for GAD67 versus postembedding staining for GABA as markers for central GABAergic terminals.
Projections of GABAergic and cholinergic basal forebrain and GABAergic preoptic-anterior hypothalamic neurons to the posterior lateral hypothalamus of the rat.
Role and origin of the GABAergic innervation of dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons.
Chorea
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
Cleft Lip
Association between nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and the glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 gene in the Japanese population.
Cleft Palate
Association between nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and the glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 gene in the Japanese population.
Bi-allelic GAD1 variants cause a neonatal onset syndromic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.
Cleft palate and decreased brain gamma-aminobutyric acid in mice lacking the 67-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Cleft palate by picrotoxin or 3-MP and palatal shelf elevation in GABA-deficient mice.
Cleft palate in mice with a targeted mutation in the gamma-aminobutyric acid-producing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase 67.
Experimental induction of palate shelf elevation in glutamate decarboxylase 67-deficient mice with cleft palate due to vertically oriented palatal shelf.
GAD65/GAD67 double knockout mice exhibit intermediate severity in both cleft palate and omphalocele compared with GAD67 knockout and VGAT knockout mice.
Colitis
Activation of GABAA Receptors in Colon Epithelium Exacerbates Acute Colitis.
Colitis, Ulcerative
Activation of GABAA Receptors in Colon Epithelium Exacerbates Acute Colitis.
Coma
Glutamate decarboxylase inhibition and vitamin B6 metabolism in brain of cirrhotic rats chronically treated with carbon tetrachloride.
Regional brain GABA metabolism and release during hepatic coma produced in rats chronically treated with carbon tetrachloride.
[Enzyme activity and level of GABA-shunt substrates in rat brain during repeated exposure to hypoglycemic doses of insulin]
Congenital Hypothyroidism
Vestibular site of action of hypothyroidism in the pigmented rat.
Contracture
Bi-allelic GAD1 variants cause a neonatal onset syndromic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.
Cystic Fibrosis
Anti-GAD65 reactive peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes mellitus.
ZnT8 antibodies in patients with cystic fibrosis: An expression of secondary beta-cell damage?
Cysts
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody in a Patient with Myelitis: A Retrospective Study.
Toxoplasma gondii Infections Alter GABAergic Synapses and Signaling in the Central Nervous System.
Cytomegalovirus Infections
Rapid-onset type 1 diabetes associated with cytomegalovirus infection and islet autoantibody synthesis.
Deafness
THE CLINICAL AND METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG-ONSET KETOSIS-PRONE TYPE 2 DIABETES IN CHINA.
Dehydration
Nitric Oxide Signal, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Water Balance Affected by ?-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Relation to Enhanced Tolerance to Water Stress in Creeping Bentgrass.
Dementia
Enzyme activities in relation to pH and lactate in postmortem brain in Alzheimer-type and other dementias.
Neurotransmitter enzyme abnormalities in senile dementia. Choline acetyltransferase and glutamic acid decarboxylase activities in necropsy brain tissue.
Diabetes Complications
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and diabetes complications. Assay reliability and validity.
No association of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and diabetic complications in patients with IDDM.
Diabetes Mellitus
A Triad of Ketoacidosis, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Acute Pancreatitis Associated With Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drinks Abuse in a Caucasian Patient With Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Absence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in Pima Indian children with diabetes mellitus.
Activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes by insulin and GAD in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus.
Age-specific levels of diabetes-related GAD and IA-2 antibodies in healthy children and adults.
An exploration of Glo-3A antibody levels in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Analysis of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Anti-GAD Antibodies and the Cerebellum: Where Do We Stand?
Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in Graves' disease is a possible indicator for the unlikelihood of going into remission with antithyroid agents.
Antibodies to GAD65 epitopes at diagnosis and over the first 10 years of clinical type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and diabetes mellitus in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase are associated with HLA-DR genotypes in both Australians and Asians with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase discriminate major types of diabetes mellitus.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in Japanese diabetic patients with secondary failure of oral hypoglycaemic therapy.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in young Chinese diabetic patients.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase reveal latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults with a non-insulin-dependent onset of disease.
Antibodies to pancreatic islet cell antigens in diabetes seen in Southern India with particular reference to fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes.
Antibodies to the tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA-2 are highly associated with IDDM, but not with autoimmune endocrine diseases or stiff man syndrome.
Antigen-based therapy with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) vaccine in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised double-blind trial.
Appearance of islet cell autoantibodies after clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
Association between antibodies to the MR 67,000 isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II.
Association between high titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody and epilepsy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.
Auto-immune cerebellar ataxia with anti-GAD antibodies accompanied by de novo late-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies against GAD65 rather than GAD67 precede the onset of type 1 diabetes.
Autoantibodies against IA-2, GAD, and topoisomerase II in type 1 diabetic patients.
Autoantibodies in children with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 antibodies are increased, but not tissue transglutaminase (TTG-Ab) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients from South India.
Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 in canine diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin in islet cell antibody positive presymptomatic type 1 diabetes mellitus: frequency and segregation by age and gender.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in a patient with stiff-man syndrome, epilepsy, and type I diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to IA-2 and GAD65 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of varied duration: prevalence and correlation with clinical features.
Autoantibodies to ICA12 (SOX-13) are not specific for Type I diabetes.
Autoantibody recognition of COOH-terminal epitopes of GAD65 marks the risk for insulin requirement in adult-onset diabetes mellitus.
Autoantigens plus interleukin-10 suppress diabetes autoimmunity.
Autoimmune Diabetes and Thyroiditis Complicating Treatment with Nivolumab.
Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis Associated With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 3 onset with severe ketoacidosis in a 74-year-old woman.
Bilateral dystonia in type 1 diabetes: a case report.
Binding of antibodies in sera from Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients to glutamate decarboxylase from rat tissues. Evidence for antigenic and non-antigenic forms of the enzyme.
Can serum GAD65 antibody levels predict neurological disease or cancer?
Case report: pembrolizumab-induced Type 1 diabetes in a patient with metastatic cholangiocarcinoma.
CD4(+) T cells from glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65-specific T cell receptor transgenic mice are not diabetogenic and can delay diabetes transfer.
Cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy with anti-GAD antibodies: treatment with IVIG and plasmapheresis.
Cerebellar ataxia with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: study of 14 patients.
Change of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody and protein tyrosine phosphatase antibody in Chinese patients with acute-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Clinical and biochemical characteristics of nonobese type 2 diabetic patients with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in Korea.
Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Non-Insulin-Requiring Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) Autoantibody-Positive Diabetes: A Nationwide Survey in Japan.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease with anti-islet autoimmunity.
Clinical significance and time course of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in Japanese children with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
Concurrent extrahepatic autoimmune disorders: unexplored dimension of autoimmune liver disease in children.
Cross-reactive peptide epitopes of Enterovirus Coxsackie B4 and human glutamic acid decarboxylase detecting antibodies in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults versus type 1 diabetes.
Cross-reactive rubella virus and glutamic acid decarboxylase (65 and 67) protein determinants recognised by T cells of patients with type I diabetes mellitus.
Demonstration of GAD-65 as the main immunogenic isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes and determination of autoantibodies using a radioligand produced by eukaryotic expression.
Detection and immunochemical characterization of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune diabetes mellitus.
Detection of recombinant GAD65 and GAD67 antibodies using a simple radioimmunoassay.
Development of 2 alternative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for routine screening of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies.
Diabetes mellitus decreases the expression of calcitonin-gene related peptide, gamma-amino butyric acid and glutamic acid decarboxylase in human pancreatic islet cells.
Diagnostic role of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults.
Differing frequency of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase among Koreans, Thais, and Australians with diabetes mellitus.
Discovery of Native Autoantigens via Antigen Surrogate Technology: Application to Type 1 Diabetes.
Distribution of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase across the spectrum of diabetes mellitus seen in South Africa.
Effect of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) or GABA with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) on the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children: Trial design and methodology.
Effects of postnatal stress on the development of type 1 diabetes in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus).
Enterovirus-related type 1 diabetes mellitus and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in Japan.
Epilepsy and behavioral changes, type 1 diabetes mellitus and a high titer of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Epitope spreading and a varying but not disease-specific GAD65 antibody response in Type I diabetes. The Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
Epitope-restricted 65-kilodalton glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies among new-onset Sardinian type 2 diabetes patients define phenotypes of autoimmune diabetes.
Evaluation of a novel radioimmunoassay using 125I-labelled human recombinant GAD65 for the determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies.
Evaluation of two nonisotopic immunoassays for determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine phosphatase autoantibodies in serum.
Expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of antigenically and enzymatically active recombinant glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Expression of recombinant glutamic acid decarboxylase in insect larvae and its application in an immunoassay for the diagnosis of autoimmune diabetes mellitus.
Fasting c-peptide and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 levels help to distinguish childhood type 1 and type 2 diabetes at diagnosis.
Flow cytometric microsphere-based immunoassay as a novel non-radiometric method for the detection of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Flow cytometry for the analysis of T cells expressing CD69 after stimulation with glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Frequency of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in Mexican diabetic children.
Frequency of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in Asian patients diagnosed as type 2 diabetes in Birmingham, United Kingdom.
GAD treatment and insulin secretion in recent-onset type 1 diabetes.
GAD-alum immunotherapy in Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
GAD65 Antibodies, Chronic Psychosis, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
GAD65 antibody prevalence and association with thyroid antibodies, HLA-DR in Chinese children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
GAD65 antigen therapy in recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.
GAD65 autoantibodies in women with gestational or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosed during pregnancy.
GAD65 autoantibodies increase the predictability but not the sensitivity of islet cell and insulin autoantibodies for developing insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
GAD65-Reactive T cells in a non-diabetic stiff-man syndrome patient.
Gastric parietal cell antibodies are associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 antibodies and the HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0301 haplotype in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Belgian Diabetes Registry.
Gender differences in GAD antibody-positive diabetes mellitus in relation to age at onset, C-peptide and other endocrine autoimmune diseases.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a novel biomarker for the prediction of autoimmune diabetes.
Glucose regulation of the autoantigen GAD65 in human pancreatic islets.
Glutamate decarboxylase autoimmunity and growth hormone secretion in type I diabetes mellitus.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) & tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG) antibodies in patients with thyroid autoimmunity.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies are additional predictive markers of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in high risk individuals.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and islet cell antigen 512/IA-2 autoantibodies in relation to human leukocyte antigen class II DR and DQ alleles and haplotypes in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibody levels discriminate two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase and ICA512/IA-2 autoantibodies as disease markers and relationship to residual beta-cell function and glycemic control in young type 1 diabetic patients.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Detection by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identifies Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults with Poor Islet Function.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody-negative Slowly Progressive Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Heterogeneity in glutamic acid decarboxylase expression among single rat pancreatic beta cells.
High prevalence of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) antibodies in employees at a polychlorinated biphenyl production factory.
HLA-DR, DQ and anti-GAD antibodies in first degree relatives of type I diabetes mellitus.
HLA-DRB1 alleles contribute to determining the prognosis of Japanese diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase.
Homology modelling: a review about the method on hand of the diabetic antigen GAD 65 structure prediction.
Human autoantibodies react with glutamic acid decarboxylase antigen in human and rat but not in mouse pancreatic islets.
Human B cells secreting immunoglobulin G to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 from a nondiabetic patient with multiple autoantibodies and Graves' disease: a comparison with those present in type 1 diabetes.
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state in an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Hypoglycemic seizures and epilepsy in type I diabetes mellitus.
ICA12 autoantibodies are associated with non-DR3/non-DR4 in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults from northern India.
Identification and modulation of a naturally processed T cell epitope from the diabetes-associated autoantigen human glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (hGAD65).
Immune reactivity to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in stiffman syndrome and type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Immuno-chemistry of hydroxyl radical modified GAD-65: A possible role in experimental and human diabetes mellitus.
Immunoglobulin variable gene analysis of human autoantibodies reveals antigen-driven immune response to glutamate decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Immunologic and genetic markers in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) in an Argentine population.
Impaired insulin secretion in non-diabetic offspring of probands with latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults.
Improved in planta expression of the human islet autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65).
Incidence of diabetes in youth in the United States.
Increased diagnosis of autoimmune childhood-onset Japanese type 1 diabetes using a new glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, compared with a previously used glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody radioimmunoassay kit.
Influence of age at diagnosis and duration of diabetes on the positivity of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in South-Brazilian type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Influence of sex and age at onset on autoantibodies against insulin, GAD65 and IA2 in recent onset type 1 diabetic patients.
Insulin autoantibody could help to screen latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in phenotypic type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese.
Insulin intervention to preserve beta cells in slowly progressive insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus.
Islet cell antibodies (ICA) identify autoimmunity in children with new onset diabetes mellitus negative for other islet cell antibodies.
Islet cell antibodies and antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase in newly diagnosed adult-onset diabetes mellitus.
Islet glutamic acid decarboxylase modified by reactive oxygen species is recognized by antibodies from patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults (LADA): the role of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in diagnosis and prediction of insulin dependency.
Levels of cytokines and GADA in type I and II diabetic patients.
Low prevalence of islet autoimmunity in adult diabetes and low predictive value of islet autoantibodies in the general adult population of northern Italy.
MHC class I chain-related gene-A is associated with IA2 and IAA but not GAD in Swedish type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Molecular mimicry in diabetes mellitus: the homologous domain in coxsackie B virus protein 2C and islet autoantigen GAD65 is highly conserved in the coxsackie B-like enteroviruses and binds to the diabetes associated HLA-DR3 molecule.
Molecular mimicry in type 1 diabetes mellitus revisited: T-cell clones to GAD65 peptides with sequence homology to Coxsackie or proinsulin peptides do not crossreact with homologous counterpart.
Molecular mimicry: Basis for autoimmunity.
Murine monoclonal glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 antibodies recognize autoimmune-associated GAD epitope regions targeted in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and stiff-man syndrome.
New-onset diabetes in an obese adolescent: diagnostic dilemmas.
No specific reactivity to E. coli glutamic acid decarboxylase from sera of newly-diagnosed insulin dependent diabetic patients.
On the Occurrence of the Diabetes-Associated Antigen GAD 65 in Human Sera.
Onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus during peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C.
Peptide-specific cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes against glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Persisting antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus are not associated with neuropathy.
Presynaptic inhibition of cerebellar GABAergic transmission by glutamate decarboxylase autoantibodies in progressive cerebellar ataxia.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus in Korean adults: A multi-institutional joint research.
Prevalence of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in women who have had gestational diabetes.
Prevalence of ICA and GAD antibodies at initial presentation of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Singapore children.
Prevention of type I diabetes transfer by glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 peptide 206-220-specific T cells.
Primary DQ effect in the association between HLA and neurological syndromes with anti-GAD65 antibodies.
Programmed Cell Death-1 Inhibitor-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA2-antibodies plus glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies (GADA) indicates autoimmunity as frequently as islet cell antibodies assay in children with recently diagnosed diabetes mellitus.
Radioimmunoassay for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies as a diagnostic aid for stiff-man syndrome and a correlate of susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Rapid Normalization of High Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Titers and Preserved Endogenous Insulin Secretion in a Patient with Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Recombinant human GAD65 accumulates to high levels in transgenic tobacco plants when expressed as an enzymatically inactive mutant.
Recombinant human preproinsulin. Expression, purification and reaction with insulin autoantibodies in sera from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Reduced display of conformational epitopes in the N-terminal truncated GAD65 isoform: relevance for people with stiff person syndrome or DQ8/8-positive Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Reference limits for GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies by chemiluminescence immunoassay in Northern European adults and children.
Relationship between autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase, thyroglobulin/thyroid microsome and DNA topoisomerase II in the clinical manifestation of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan.
Role of beta-cell autoantibodies as a predictor marker in diabetic patients and their relationship to glycemic control.
Seroconversion of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in a patient initially diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Serum IgG to heat shock proteins and Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens in diabetic patients with periodontitis.
Severe anaphylactic reactions to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) self peptides in NOD mice that spontaneously develop autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Simultaneous triple organ specific autoantibody profiling in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their first-degree relatives*
Species-specific autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes.
Stiff child syndrome with mutation of DYT1 gene.
Streptozotocin upregulates GAD67 expression in MIN6N8a mouse beta cells.
Subtle hyperproinsulinaemia characterises the defective insulin secretory capacity in offspring of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-positive patients with latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults.
Systemic and neurologic autoimmune disorders associated with seizures or epilepsy.
The association between GAD65 antibody levels and incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in an adult population: A meta-analysis.
THE CLINICAL AND METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG-ONSET KETOSIS-PRONE TYPE 2 DIABETES IN CHINA.
The combination of antibodies to GAD-65 and IA-2ic can replace the islet-cell antibody assay to identify subjects at risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
The Frequency of Langerhans Islets ?-Cells Autoantibodies (Anti-GAD) in Georgian Children and Adolescents with Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis.
The immunological basis for treatment of stiff person syndrome.
The prevalence of early subclinical somatic neuropathy in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and its association with the persistence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and islet antigen-2 (IA-2).
The prognostic significance of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in patients with chronic pancreatitis undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation.
Thyroid autoimmunity in 72 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: relationship with pancreatic autoimmunity and child growth.
Time-resolved fluorometric assay for detection of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65).
Tolerogenic dendritic cells induce antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness in insulin- and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-autoreactive T lymphocytes from type 1 diabetic patients.
Two amino acids in glutamic acid decarboxylase act in concert for maintenance of conformational determinants recognised by Type I diabetic autoantibodies.
Type 1 diabetes and epilepsy in childhood and adolescence: Do glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies play a role? Data from the German/Austrian/Swiss/Luxembourgian DPV Registry.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with Graves' disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C before and after interferon therapy.
Tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA-2) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies: a study of Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus.
UKPDS 25: autoantibodies to islet-cell cytoplasm and glutamic acid decarboxylase for prediction of insulin requirement in type 2 diabetes. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group.
Unique epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in slowly progressive type 1 diabetes.
[Advances in clinical laboratory tests for diabetes mellitus]
[Autoimmunity and glutamate decarboxylase antibodies in the pathogenesis of type I diabetes mellitus in experimental and clinical practice]
[Diagnostic efficacy of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody and islet cell antibody in type I diabetes mellitus]
[Engineered glutamic acid decarboxylase fusion protein in diagnosis of type I diabetes mellitus]
[Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (antiGAD-Ab) in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)]
Diabetes Mellitus, Lipoatrophic
Distribution of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase across the spectrum of diabetes mellitus seen in South Africa.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
A 64 kDa antigen/glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in fetal pig pro-islets: co-precipitation with a 38 kDa protein and recognition by T cells in humans at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes.
A case of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I with strong positive GAD antibody titer, followed up with glucose tolerance measured by oral glucose tolerance test.
A case of stiff-person syndrome, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis.
A comparison of serum and EDTA plasma in the measurement of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) and autoantibodies to islet antigen-2 (IA-2A) using the RSR radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.
A comprehensive, statistically powered analysis of GAD2 in type 1 diabetes.
A convenient diagnostic tool for discriminating adult-onset glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-positive autoimmune diabetes from type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.
A decrease in glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody levels with sitagliptin use in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
A diabetes-related epitope of GAD65: a major diabetes-related conformational epitope on GAD65.
A downstream process allowing the efficient isolation of a recombinant amphiphilic protein from tobacco leaves.
A glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-specific Th2 cell clone immunoregulates autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.
A highly sensitive immunoassay resistant to autoantibody interference for detection of the diabetes-associated autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in blood and other biological samples.
A longitudinal study of GAD65 and ICA512 autoantibodies during the progression to type 1 diabetes in Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) participants.
A monoclonal antibody based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of GAD65, the smaller isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase.
A monoclonal antibody-based characterization of autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase in adults with latent autoimmune diabetes.
A new solid-phase radioimmunoassay to detect anti-GAD65 autoantibodies.
A novel expression platform for the production of diabetes-associated autoantigen human glutamic acid decarboxylase (hGAD65).
A novel radioligand binding assay to determine diagnostic accuracy of isoform-specific glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in childhood IDDM.
A novel subtype of type 1 diabetes mellitus characterized by a rapid onset and an absence of diabetes-related antibodies. Osaka IDDM Study Group.
A patient with combined polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2.
A Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence Protein Microchip with High-Sensitivity for Multiple Islet Autoantibodies Measurements in Autoimmune Diabetes Diagnosis.
A sensitive method for detecting proliferation of rare autoantigen-specific human T cells.
A signal located within amino acids 1-27 of GAD65 is required for its targeting to the Golgi complex region.
A sudden decline in active membrane-bound TGF-beta impairs both T regulatory cell function and protection against autoimmune diabetes.
A therapeutic DNA vaccination strategy for autoimmunity and transplantation.
A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Can Identify Patients With GAD65 Autoantibody-Positive Type 2 Diabetes Who Rapidly Progress to Insulin Therapy.
A unique combination of autoimmune limbic encephalitis, type 1 diabetes, and Stiff person syndrome associated with GAD-65 antibody.
Absence of avidity maturation of autoantibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA-2 molecule and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) during progression to type 1 diabetes.
Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes.
Active tolerance induction and prevention of autoimmune diabetes by immunogene therapy using recombinant adenoassociated virus expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 peptide GAD(500-585).
Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes identified by glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies: a retrospective cohort study.
Advances and controversies in etiopathogenesis of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
Age at Seroconversion, HLA Genotype, and Specificity of Autoantibodies in Progression of Islet Autoimmunity in Childhood.
Age-specific levels of diabetes-related GAD and IA-2 antibodies in healthy children and adults.
Alternative splicing of G6PC2, the gene coding for the islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP), results in differential expression in human thymus and spleen compared with pancreas.
An analysis of the cross-reactivity of autoantibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 in diabetes.
An ELISA for antibodies to recombinant glutamic acid decarboxylase in IDDM.
An HIV-1 tat-autoantigen fusion protein suppresses insulitis in NOD mice.
An Increased Diagnostic Sensitivity of Truncated GAD65 Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes May Be Related to HLA-DQ8.
An Insulin-Inspired Supramolecular Hydrogel for Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes.
An integral membrane protein form of brain L-glutamate decarboxylase: purification, characterization and its relationship to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Analysis of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Analysis of GAD65 autoantibodies in Stiff-Person syndrome patients.
Anti-GAD Antibodies and the Cerebellum: Where Do We Stand?
Anti-GAD65 autoantibody in Taiwanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effect of HLA on anti-GAD65 positivity and clinical characteristics.
Anti-GAD65 reactive peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes mellitus.
Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in Graves' disease is a possible indicator for the unlikelihood of going into remission with antithyroid agents.
Anti-Idiotypic Antibody Specific to GAD65 Autoantibody Prevents Type 1 Diabetes in the NOD Mouse.
Antibodies to GAD and glycemic control in recent-onset IDDM.
Antibodies to GAD and tryptic fragments of islet 64K antigen as distinct markers for development of IDDM. Studies with identical twins.
Antibodies to GAD65 and peripheral nerve function in the DCCT.
Antibodies to GAD65 epitopes at diagnosis and over the first 10 years of clinical type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and diabetes mellitus in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin-dependent diabetes in patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and P2-C peptides in sera from coxsackie virus B4-infected mice and IDDM patients.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and peripheral nerve function in type 1 diabetes.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase are associated with HLA-DR genotypes in both Australians and Asians with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase as predictors of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus before clinical onset of disease.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase as predictors of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase discriminate major types of diabetes mellitus.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in Australian children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and their first-degree relatives.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in the prediction of insulin dependency.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in young Chinese diabetic patients.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase reveal latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults with a non-insulin-dependent onset of disease.
Antibodies to islet 37k antigen, but not to glutamate decarboxylase, discriminate rapid progression to IDDM in endocrine autoimmunity.
Antibodies to new beta cell antigen ICA12 in Latvian diabetes patients.
Antibodies to SOX13 (ICA12) are associated with type 1 diabetes.
Antibody cross-reactivity induced by the homologous regions in glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) and 2C protein of coxsackievirus B4. Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
Antibody response to islet antigens in anti-CD4/prednisolone immune intervention of type 1 diabetes.
Antigen presentation of detergent-free glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) is affected by human serum albumin as carrier protein.
Antigen processing patterns determine GAD65-specific regulation vs. pathogenesis.
Antigen-based therapy with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) vaccine in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised double-blind trial.
Antigen-specific mediated suppression of beta cell autoimmunity by plasmid DNA vaccination.
Antigenic differences between neurological and diabetic patients with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Are zinc transporter type 8 antibodies a marker of autoimmune thyroiditis in non-obese adults with new-onset diabetes?
Assessment of CD4+ T cell responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 using DQ8 tetramers reveals a pathogenic role of GAD65 121-140 and GAD65 250-266 in T1D development.
Association between antibodies to the MR 67,000 isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II.
Association between autoantibody markers and subtypes of DR4 and DR4-DQ in Swedish children with insulin-dependent diabetes reveals closer association of tyrosine pyrophosphatase autoimmunity with DR4 than DQ8.
Association between high titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody and epilepsy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.
Association of amino-terminal-specific antiglutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies with beta-cell functional reserve and a milder clinical phenotype in patients with GAD65 antibodies and ketosis-prone diabetes mellitus.
Association of GAD-65, but not of GAD-67, with the Golgi complex of transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells mediated by the N-terminal region.
Association of HLA class II alleles with different subgroups of diabetes mellitus in Eastern India identify different associations with IDDM and malnutrition-related diabetes.
Association of HLA-DQB1*0201 with stiff-man syndrome.
Association of IA-2 autoantibodies with HLA DR4 phenotypes in IDDM.
Association of TCF7L2 gene variants with low GAD autoantibody titre in LADA subjects (NIRAD Study 5).
Association of variants in HLA-DQA1-DQB1, PTPN22, INS, and CTLA4 with GAD autoantibodies and insulin secretion in nondiabetic adults of the Botnia Prospective Study.
Associations of anti-GAD antibodies with islet cell antibodies and insulin autoantibodies in first-degree relatives of type I diabetic patients.
Atezolizumab-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Auto-immune cerebellar ataxia with anti-GAD antibodies accompanied by de novo late-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies against aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I.
Autoantibodies against GAD65 rather than GAD67 precede the onset of type 1 diabetes.
Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase and 21-hydroxylase in Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes or autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Autoantibodies against IA-2, GAD, and topoisomerase II in type 1 diabetic patients.
Autoantibodies against islet cell antigens in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies and HLA susceptibility markers in Canadian first-degree relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes.
Autoantibodies in IDDM primarily recognize the 65,000-M(r) rather than the 67,000-M(r) isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Autoantibodies to GABA-ergic neurons and pancreatic beta cells in stiff-man syndrome.
Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 in canine diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) detected by an immuno-trapping enzyme activity assay: relation to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and islet cell antibodies.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 64,000-Mr islet cell protein (64K) antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with and without autoimmune diseases in Japan.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin in islet cell antibody positive presymptomatic type 1 diabetes mellitus: frequency and segregation by age and gender.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with epilepsy and their relationship with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with IDDM and autoimmune thyroid disease.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with therapy-resistant epilepsy.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in three patients with cerebellar ataxia, late-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and polyendocrine autoimmunity.
Autoantibodies to IA-2 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Measurements with a new immunoprecipitation assay.
Autoantibodies to N-terminally truncated GAD improve clinical phenotyping of individuals with adult-onset diabetes: Action LADA 12.
Autoantibodies to the GM2-1 islet ganglioside and to GAD-65 at type 1 diabetes onset.
Autoantibodies to the IA-2 Extracellular Domain Refine the Definition of "A+" Subtypes of Ketosis-Prone Diabetes.
Autoantibodies to tissue transglutaminase in patients from eastern India with malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibody against IA-2 improves the test sensitivity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese patients of child onset.
Autoantibody epitopes to the smaller isoform of glutamate decarboxylase do not differ in Swedish and Japanese type 1 diabetes patients and may be associated with high-risk human leucocyte antigen class II alleles.
Autoantibody recognition of COOH-terminal epitopes of GAD65 marks the risk for insulin requirement in adult-onset diabetes mellitus.
Autoantigenic reactivity of diabetes sera with a hybrid glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD67-65 molecule GAD67(1-101)/GAD65(96-585).
Autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: molecular cloning and characterization of human IA-2 beta.
Autoantigens plus interleukin-10 suppress diabetes autoimmunity.
Autoimmune adrenocortical failure in Norway autoantibodies and human leukocyte antigen class II associations related to clinical features.
Autoimmune characteristics in Japanese children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before 5 years of age.
Autoimmune Diabetes and Thyroiditis Complicating Treatment with Nivolumab.
Autoimmune diabetes in 26 villages outside Madras.
Autoimmune diagnostics in diabetes mellitus.
Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis Associated With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 3 onset with severe ketoacidosis in a 74-year-old woman.
Autoimmunity plays a role in the onset of diabetes after 40 years of age.
Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Stiff-Man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED).
Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in the neurodegenerative disorder Batten disease.
Autoimmunity to two forms of glutamate decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Autonomic dysfunction in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: serologic and clinical correlates.
Autonomic function and autoantibodies to autonomic nervous structures, glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet tyrosine phosphatase in adolescent patients with IDDM.
Autoreactive epitopes defined by diabetes-associated human monoclonal antibodies are localized in the middle and C-terminal domains of the smaller form of glutamate decarboxylase.
Autoreactive human T-cell receptor initiates insulitis and impaired glucose tolerance in HLA DR4 transgenic mice.
Autoreactive T cell response in CD25-negative fraction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in established type 1 diabetes.
Bacteria of food and human intestine are the most possible sources of the gad-trigger of type 1 diabetes.
Baculovirus-mediated expression of human 65 kDa and 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylases in SF9 insect cells and their relevance in diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
BCG vaccination and GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies in autoimmune diabetes in southern India.
Bead injection ELISA for the determination of antibodies implicated in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Beta-cell autoantibodies in infants and toddlers without IDDM relatives: diabetes autoimmunity study in the young (DAISY).
Bilateral dystonia in type 1 diabetes: a case report.
Biochemical markers of type 1 diabetes: clinical use.
Biomarkers in pancreas transplant.
Brain-reactive autoantibodies in BB/d rats do not recognize glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Breaking ? Cell Tolerance After 100 Years of Life: Intratumoral Immunotherapy-Induced Diabetes Mellitus.
Capillary whole blood measurement of islet autoantibodies.
Case report: pembrolizumab-induced Type 1 diabetes in a patient with metastatic cholangiocarcinoma.
CD226 rs763361 is associated with the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and greater frequency of GAD65 autoantibody in a Brazilian cohort.
CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clones from congenital rubella syndrome patients with IDDM recognize overlapping GAD65 protein epitopes. Implications for HLA class I and II allelic linkage to disease susceptibility.
CD4+ T cells recognize diverse epitopes within GAD65: implications for repertoire development and diabetes monitoring.
CD8+ T lymphocytes specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase 90-98 epitope mediate diabetes in NOD SCID mouse.
Central nervous system destruction mediated by glutamic acid decarboxylase-specific CD4(+) T cells.
Change of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody and protein tyrosine phosphatase antibody in Chinese patients with acute-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Changes in autoreactive T cell avidity during type 1 diabetes development.
Changes in GAD65Ab-Specific Antiidiotypic Antibody Levels Correlate with Changes in C-Peptide Levels and Progression to Islet Cell Autoimmunity.
Characterisation of peptide microarrays for studying antibody-antigen binding using surface plasmon resonance imagery.
Characteristics of Caucasian type 2 diabetic patients during ketoacidosis and at follow-up.
Characteristics of in-vitro phenotypes of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies in high-titre individuals.
Characterization of a linear epitope within the human pancreatic 64-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase and its autoimmune recognition by sera from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
Characterization of CD4+ T cells specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) and proinsulin in a patient with stiff-person syndrome but without type 1 diabetes.
Characterization of human DNA topoisomerase II as an autoantigen recognized by patients with IDDM.
Characterization of hydroxyl radical modified GAD65: a potential autoantigen in type 1 diabetes.
Characterization of novel T-cell epitopes on 65 kDa and 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase relevant in autoimmune responses in NOD mice.
Characterization of preparations of GAD65, proinsulin, and the islet tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 for use in detection of autoreactive T-cells in type 1 diabetes: report of phase II of the Second International Immunology of Diabetes Society Workshop for Standardization of T-cell assays in type 1 diabetes.
Characterization of self-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-reactive CD4+ T-cell clones established from Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Characterization of the humoral immune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) and/or type 1 diabetes.
Characterization of the humoral immune response to islet antigen 2 in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
Characterization of the MODY3 phenotype. Early-onset diabetes caused by an insulin secretion defect.
Children get type 2 diabetes too.
Chronic complications and mortality in community-based patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: the Fremantle Diabetes Study.
Circulating antibodies to nephrin in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Class II HLA genotype in fulminant type 1 diabetes: A nationwide survey with reference to glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease with anti-islet autoimmunity.
Clinical Applications of Diabetes Antibody Testing.
Clinical characteristics of patients with the initial diagnosis of NIDDM with positivity for antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Clinical characteristics, and time course of pancreatic beta-cell function and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in Thai patients with adult-onset Type 1 diabetes: distinction between patients of rapid- and slow-onset.
Clinical evidence for the safety of GAD65 immunomodulation in adult-onset autoimmune diabetes.
Clinical optimization of antigen specific modulation of type 1 diabetes with the plasmid DNA platform.
Clinical Update on the use of Immuno Modulators anticd3, GAD, Diapep277, Anti-IL1 in Type 1 Diabetes.
Clinical utility of measuring both glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and islet cell antibodies in the diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults - is it cost-effective?
Cloning and expression of large isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase from human pancreatic islet.
Cloning of candidate autoantigen carboxypeptidase H from a human islet library: sequence identity with human brain CPH.
Cloning, characterization, and autoimmune recognition of rat islet glutamic acid decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Cloning, expression, purification and characterization of the cholera toxin B subunit and triple glutamic acid decarboxylase epitopes fusion protein in Escherichia coli.
Coexpression of CD25 and OX40 (CD134) Receptors Delineates Autoreactive T-cells in Type 1 Diabetes.
Combined analysis and single-step detection of GAD65 and IA2 autoantibodies in IDDM can replace the histochemical islet cell antibody test.
Combined analysis of autoantibodies improves prediction of IDDM in islet cell antibody-positive relatives.
Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Combined analysis of islet cell antibodies which cross-react with mouse pancreas, antibodies to the M(r) 64,000 islet protein, and antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase in subjects at risk for IDDM.
Combined Etanercept, GAD-alum and vitamin D treatment: an open pilot trial to preserve beta cell function in recent onset type 1 diabetes.
Combined measurements of GAD65 and ICA512 antibodies in acute onset and slowly progressive IDDM.
Combined screening for autoantibodies to IA-2 and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in first degree relatives of patients with IDDM. The DENIS Study Group. Deutsche Nikotinamid Interventions-Studie.
Comparative analysis of different biofactories for the production of a major diabetes autoantigen.
Comparative analysis of epitope recognition of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) by autoantibodies from different autoimmune disorders.
Comparative expression and purification of human glutamic acid decarboxylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris.
Comparative study of GAD65-specific CD4+ T cells in healthy and type 1 diabetic subjects.
Comparison of Adults with Insulin Resistance (IR) in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes Versus IR in Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody-negative Diabetes.
Comparison of autoantibodies to IA-2 and GAD65 in the rapid- and the slow-onset, adult Type 1 diabetes in Thailand.
Comparison of measurements of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen-2 in whole blood eluates from dried blood spots using the RSR-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits and in-house radioimmunoassays.
Comparison of radioimmunoprecipitation with luciferase immunoprecipitation for autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2beta.
Comparison of radioimmunoprecipitation with luciferase immunoprecipitation for autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2{beta}
Complexity of human immune response profiles for CD4+ T cell epitopes from the diabetes autoantigen GAD65.
Conformation-dependent GAD65 autoantibodies in diabetes.
Conformational epitopes on the diabetes autoantigen GAD65 identified by peptide phage display and molecular modeling.
Control of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by GAD expression or suppression in beta cells.
Controlling the controls: GAD65 autoreactive T cells in type 1 diabetes.
COOH-terminal clustering of autoantibody and T-cell determinants on the structure of GAD65 provide insights into the molecular basis of autoreactivity.
Correlation between the prevalence of type 1 diabetes with the daily insulin dose and the autoimmune process against glutamic acid decarboxylase in adults.
Could ZnT8 antibodies replace ICA, GAD, IA2 and insulin antibodies in the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes?
Course of islet autoantibody titers during Ig-immunoadsorption in a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
COVID-19 infection as a trigger for new-onset type 1 diabetes in a susceptible individual - or just coincidence?
Coxsackie B virus infection and beta cell autoantibodies in newly diagnosed IDDM adult patients.
Coxsackievirus B4 alters pancreatic glutamate decarboxylase expression in mice soon after infection.
Cross-reactive peptide epitopes of Enterovirus Coxsackie B4 and human glutamic acid decarboxylase detecting antibodies in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults versus type 1 diabetes.
CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. The Belgian Diabetes Registry.
CTLA-4 gene polymorphism contributes to the genetic risk for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus: a HuGE Review and meta-analysis.
Cytokine regulation of glutamate decarboxylase biosynthesis in isolated rat islets of Langerhans.
Cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies recognize distinct islet antigens in IDDM but not in stiff man syndrome.
Cytotoxic T cells specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase in autoimmune diabetes.
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Japanese children: analysis of association with HLA genotypes and autoantibodies.
Danish children born with glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 and islet antigen-2 autoantibodies at birth had an increased risk to develop type 1 diabetes.
Decline in titers of anti-idiotypic antibodies specific to autoantibodies to GAD65 (GAD65Ab) precedes development of GAD65Ab and type 1 diabetes.
Decreased HLA-DQ expression on peripheral blood cells in children with varying number of beta cell autoantibodies.
DELISA: sensitive nonisotopic assay for GAD65 autoantibodies, a key risk-assessment marker for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Demonstration of GAD-65 as the main immunogenic isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes and determination of autoantibodies using a radioligand produced by eukaryotic expression.
Detection and Characterization of CD8+ Autoreactive Memory Stem T Cells in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.
Detection and immunochemical characterization of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune diabetes mellitus.
Detection of antibodies against both isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase in BB/OK rats by western blotting and immuno trapping enzyme activity assay.
Detection of autoantibodies against reactive oxygen species modified glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 in type 1 diabetes associated complications.
Detection of autoantibodies to protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA-2 with a novel time-resolved fluorimetric assay.
Detection of autoantibodies to the pancreatic islet heat shock protein 60 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Detection of GAD65 antibodies in diabetes and other autoimmune diseases using a simple radioligand assay.
Determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in pancreatic islets and its in vitro and in vivo degradation kinetics in serum using a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay.
Determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) IgG subclasses - comparison of three immunoprecipitation assays (IPAs).
Determination of mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 in lymphocytes from children with IDDM by RT-PCR technique.
Development of 2 alternative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for routine screening of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies.
Development of Autoantibodies in the TrialNet Natural History Study.
Development of autoimmune diabetes in glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) knockout NOD mice.
Development of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) autoantibody assay using biotin-GAD65 fusion protein.
Diabetes in Danish Bank Voles (M. glareolus): Survivorship, Influence on Weight, and Evaluation of Polydipsia as a Screening Tool for Hyperglycaemia.
Diabetes induced by Coxsackie virus: initiation by bystander damage and not molecular mimicry.
Diabetes mellitus with mitochondrial gene mutations in Japan.
Diabetes-related antibodies in euglycemic subjects.
Diabetes-related autoantibodies in cord blood from children of healthy mothers have disappeared by the time the child is one year old.
Diabetic sera react with the glutamic acid decarboxylase molecule in a dimeric-oligomeric form.
Diagnostic role of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults.
Diagnostic sensitivity of immunodominant epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in childhood IDDM.
Diamyd, an alum-formulated recombinant human GAD65 for the prevention of autoimmune diabetes.
Dietary risk factors for the emergence of type 1 diabetes-related autoantibodies in 21/2 year-old Swedish children.
Differential detection of rat islet and brain glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoforms with sequence-specific peptide antibodies.
Differential presentation of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) T cell epitopes among HLA-DRB1*0401-positive individuals.
Differing frequency of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase among Koreans, Thais, and Australians with diabetes mellitus.
Diminished Th1-like response to autoantigens in children with a high risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
Discovery of Native Autoantigens via Antigen Surrogate Technology: Application to Type 1 Diabetes.
Disease progression and search for monogenic diabetes among children with new onset type 1 diabetes negative for ICA, GAD- and IA-2 Antibodies.
Disease sensitivity and specificity of 52 assays for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies. The Second International GADAB Workshop.
Disease-associated autoantibodies and HLA-DQB1 genotypes in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
Disease-associated autoantibodies as surrogate markers of type 1 diabetes in young children at increased genetic risk. Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
Disease-associated autoantibodies during pregnancy and at birth in families affected by type 1 diabetes.
Disease-specific monoclonal antibodies targeting glutamate decarboxylase impair GABAergic neurotransmission and affect motor learning and behavioral functions.
Do glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies improve the prediction of IDDM in first-degree relatives at risk for IDDM?
Do non-HLA genes influence development of persistent islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children with high-risk HLA-DR,DQ genotypes?
Does epilepsy occur more frequently in children with Type 1 diabetes?
Does immune-tolerance treatment with Alum-formulated GAD65 protect insulin-production in the pancreatic islet ß cells?
DPD epitope-specific glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 autoantibodies in children with Type 1 diabetes.
Dulaglutide treatment results in effective glycaemic control in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): A post-hoc analysis of the AWARD-2, -4 and -5 Trials.
Dynamic changes of GAD65 autoantibody epitope specificities in individuals at risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
Dynamic pattern of disease-associated autoantibodies in siblings of children with type 1 diabetes: a population-based study.
Dynamics of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in young children with human leukocyte antigen-conferred risk of type 1 diabetes recruited from the general population.
Early epitope- and isotype-specific humoral immune responses to GAD65 in young children with genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.
Early induction of GAD(65)-reactive Th2 response in type 1 diabetic children treated with alum-formulated GAD(65).
Editing of an immunodominant epitope of glutamate decarboxylase by HLA-DM.
Effect of extract from Boswellia serrata gum resin on decrease of GAD65 autoantibodies in a patient with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.
Effect of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) or GABA with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) on the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children: Trial design and methodology.
Effects of plasmid DNA injection on cyclophosphamide-accelerated diabetes in NOD mice.
Effects of postnatal stress on the development of type 1 diabetes in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus).
eIF5A inhibition influences T cell dynamics in the pancreatic microenvironment of the humanized mouse model of Type 1 Diabetes.
Electrochemical and Surface-Plasmon Correlation of a Serum-Autoantibody Immunoassay with Binding Insights: Graphenyl Surface versus Mercapto-Monolayer Surface.
Electrochemiluminescence assays for insulin and glutamic Acid decarboxylase autoantibodies improve prediction of type 1 diabetes risk.
Elevated histone H3 acetylation is associated with genes involved in T lymphocyte activation and glutamate decarboxylase antibody production in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Elevated Serum GAD65 and GAD65-GADA Immune Complexes in Stiff Person Syndrome.
Eleven Amino Acids of HLA-DRB1 and Fifteen Amino Acids of HLA-DRB3, 4, and 5 Include Potentially Causal Residues Responsible for the Risk of Childhood Type 1 Diabetes.
Elimination of islet cell antibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies II in a patient with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Endogenous expression levels of autoantigens influence success or failure of DNA immunizations to prevent type 1 diabetes: addition of IL-4 increases safety.
Endogenous immune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) in NOD mice is modulated by adjuvant immunotherapy.
Engineered variants of human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and autoantibody epitope recognition.
Enhanced GAD65 production in plants using the MagnICON transient expression system: Optimization of upstream production and downstream processing.
Enterovirus infections with beta-cell tropic strains are frequent in siblings of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes children and in association with elevated levels of GAD65 antibodies.
Enterovirus markers and serum CXCL10 in children with type 1 diabetes.
Enterovirus-related type 1 diabetes mellitus and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in Japan.
Enzymatic characterization of a recombinant isoform hybrid of glutamic acid decarboxylase (rGAD67/65) expressed in yeast.
Epidemiology, clinical aspects, and biology of IDDM patients under age 40 years. Comparison of data from Antwerp with complete ascertainment with data from Belgium with 40% ascertainment. The Belgian Diabetes Registry.
Epilepsy and behavioral changes, type 1 diabetes mellitus and a high titer of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Epilepsy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and relation to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65.
Epitope analysis of GAD65 autoantibodies in adult-onset type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults with thyroid autoimmunity.
Epitope analysis of GAD65 autoantibodies in Japanese patients with autoimmune diabetes.
Epitope analysis of GAD65 binding in both cord blood and at the time of clinical diagnosis of childhood type 1 diabetes.
Epitope analysis of GAD65Ab using fusion proteins and rFab.
Epitope-restricted 65-kilodalton glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies among new-onset Sardinian type 2 diabetes patients define phenotypes of autoimmune diabetes.
Erythrocyte membrane omega-3 fatty acid levels and omega-3 fatty acid intake are not associated with conversion to type 1 diabetes in children with islet autoimmunity: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY).
Establishment of an expression cloning system for CD4+ T cell epitopes.
Ethnic differences in the associations between the HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes and type 1 diabetes.
Evaluation of a novel radioimmunoassay using 125I-labelled human recombinant GAD65 for the determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies.
Evaluation of insulin secretion and sensitivity in a patient with slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Evaluation of islet-specific autoantibodies in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a comparison between autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase, autoantibodies to 64 kDa islet cell protein and islet cell antibodies.
Evaluation of the efficacy of the combination of multiple autoantibodies to islet-specific antigens in Korean type 1 diabetic patients.
Evaluation of two nonisotopic immunoassays for determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine phosphatase autoantibodies in serum.
Evidence for complement-dependent and -independent inhibition of insulin secretion from clonal beta-cells incubated in the presence of sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients.
Evidence for in vivo primed and expanded autoreactive T cells as a specific feature of patients with type 1 diabetes.
Evidence for molecular mimicry between human T cell epitopes in rotavirus and pancreatic islet autoantigens.
Evidence from twins for acquired cellular immune hyperactivity in type 1 diabetes.
Exponential increase of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody titer after initiating and stopping insulin in a patient with slowly progressive type 1 diabetes.
Expression of properly folded human glutamate decarboxylase 65 as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli.
Expression of recombinant glutamic acid decarboxylase in insect larvae and its application in an immunoassay for the diagnosis of autoimmune diabetes mellitus.
Expression of recombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in myeloma cells and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for autoantibodies to GAD.
Extended evaluation of the safety and efficacy of GAD treatment of children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.
Factors associated with the presence of glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen-2 autoantibodies in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes.
Failure to detect anti-idiotypic antibodies in the autoimmune response to IA-2 in Type 1 diabetes.
Fine Mapping of Glutamate Decarboxylase 65 Epitopes Reveals Dependency on Hydrophobic Amino Acids for Specific Interactions.
Flow cytometric microsphere-based immunoassay as a novel non-radiometric method for the detection of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Flow cytometry for the analysis of T cells expressing CD69 after stimulation with glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Fluctuations in GAD65 antibodies after clinical diagnosis of IDDM in young children.
Four IgG anti-islet human monoclonal antibodies isolated from a type 1 diabetes patient recognize distinct epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and are somatically mutated.
Frequency of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in Mexican diabetic children.
Functional state of the beta cell affects expression of both forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Fusion proteins for combined analysis of autoantibodies to the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen-2 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, stiff-man syndrome, and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I recognize different epitopes.
GAD autoantibody affinity and epitope specificity identify distinct immunization profiles in children at risk for type 1 diabetes.
GAD Autoantibody Affinity in Adult Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes, the Study Participants of a GAD65 Vaccination Trial.
GAD autoantibody epitope pattern after GAD-alum treatment in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
GAD treatment and insulin secretion in recent-onset type 1 diabetes.
GAD-65 autoantibody associated epilepsy.
GAD-alum (Diamyd)--a new concept for preservation of residual insulin secretion.
GAD-alum immunotherapy in Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
GAD-alum treatment in patients with type 1 diabetes and the subsequent effect on GADA IgG subclass distribution, GAD65 enzyme activity and humoral response.
GAD-alum treatment induces GAD(65)-specific CD4(+)CD25(high)FOXP3(+) cells in type 1 diabetic patients.
GAD-reactive CD4+ Th1 cells induce diabetes in NOD/SCID mice.
GAD-specific T cells are induced by GAD-alum treatment in Type-1 diabetes patients.
GAD-treatment of children and adolescents with recent-onset Type 1 diabetes preserves residual insulin secretion after 30?months.
GAD65 and ICA512 antibodies in undernourished and normally nourished south Indian patients with diabetes.
GAD65 and insulin B chain peptide (9-23) are not primary autoantigens in the type 1 diabetes syndrome of the BB rat.
GAD65 antibody epitope patterns of type 1.5 diabetic patients are consistent with slow-onset autoimmune diabetes.
GAD65 antibody prevalence and association with thyroid antibodies, HLA-DR in Chinese children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
GAD65 antigen therapy in recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.
GAD65 autoantibodies and its role as biomarker of Type 1 diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA).
GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected By Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) Assay Identify High Risk For Type 1 Diabetes.
GAD65 autoantibodies in women with gestational or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosed during pregnancy.
GAD65 autoantibody characteristics in patients with co-occurring type 1 diabetes and epilepsy may help identify underlying epilepsy etiologies.
GAD65 autoantibody epitopes in adult patients with latent autoimmune diabetes following GAD65 vaccination.
GAD65 autoantibody responses in Japanese latent autoimmune diabetes in adult patients.
GAD65 autoimmunity-clinical studies.
GAD65 is recognized by T-cells, but not by antibodies from NOD-mice.
GAD65 neurological autoimmunity.
GAD65 vaccination: 5 years of follow-up in a randomised dose-escalating study in adult-onset autoimmune diabetes.
GAD65- and proinsulin-specific CD4+ T-cells detected by MHC class II tetramers in peripheral blood of type 1 diabetes patients and at-risk subjects.
GAD65-reactive T cells are activated in patients with autoimmune type 1a diabetes.
GAD65-specific autoantibodies enhance the presentation of an immunodominant T-cell epitope from GAD65.
GAD65-specific CD4+ T-cells with high antigen avidity are prevalent in peripheral blood of patients with type 1 diabetes.
GAD65-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Mediate Beta-Cell Death and Loss of Function.
GADA Titer-Related Risk for Organ-Specific Autoimmunity in LADA Subjects Subdivided according to Gender (NIRAD Study 6).
Gastric parietal cell antibodies are associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 antibodies and the HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0301 haplotype in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Belgian Diabetes Registry.
Generation and expansion of regulatory human CD4(+) T-cell clones specific for pancreatic islet autoantigens.
Genetic and immunological markers of insulin dependent diabetes in Black Americans.
Genetic effects on age-dependent onset and islet cell autoantibody markers in type 1 diabetes.
Genetic markers for glutamic acid decarboxylase do not predict insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in pairs of affected siblings.
Genetic markers for glutamic acid decarboxylase do not predict insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in pairs of affected siblings. The Danish Study Group of Diabetes in Childhood.
Genetic-induced Variations in the GAD65 T-cell Repertoire Governs Efficacy of Anti-CD3/GAD65 Combination Therapy in New-onset Type 1 Diabetes.
Gestational respiratory infections interacting with offspring HLA and CTLA-4 modifies incident ?-cell autoantibodies.
Glucose intolerance and diabetes following antigen-specific insulitis in diabetes-susceptible "humanized" transgenic mice.
Glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit promoter polymorphisms and associations with type 1 diabetes age-at-onset and GAD65 autoantibody levels.
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibody epitope shift during the first year of type 1 diabetes.
Glutamate decarboxylase and GABA in pancreatic islets: lessons from knock-out mice.
Glutamate decarboxylase-reactive peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with IDDM express gut-specific homing receptor alpha4beta7-integrin.
Glutamate decarboxylase: an autoantigen in IDDM.
Glutamate-induced over-expression of GAD is down-regulated by acetyl-L-carnitine in rat islet cells.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) & tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG) antibodies in patients with thyroid autoimmunity.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in prediction of beta-cell function and remission in recent-onset IDDM after cyclosporin treatment. The Canadian-European Randomized Control Trial Group.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and islet cell antigen 512/IA-2 autoantibodies in relation to human leukocyte antigen class II DR and DQ alleles and haplotypes in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibody levels discriminate two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase and IA-2 autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes: comparing sample substrates for autoantibody determinations.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase and ICA512/IA-2 autoantibodies as disease markers and relationship to residual beta-cell function and glycemic control in young type 1 diabetic patients.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase and other autoantigens in IDDM.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) is the most important factor for prediction of insulin therapy within 3 years in young adult diabetic patients not classified as Type 1 diabetes on clinical grounds.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies are more frequent than islet cell antibodies in islet transplanted IDDM patients and persist or occur despite immunosuppression.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in idiopathic generalized epilepsy and type 1 diabetes.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in relation to other autoantibodies and genetic risk markers in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes. Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in screening for autoimmune diabetes: influence of comorbidity, age, and sex on specificity and threshold values.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies are dominant but insufficient to identify most Chinese with adult-onset non-insulin requiring autoimmune diabetes: LADA China study 5.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in preclinical insulin-dependent diabetes.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in saliva of children with type 1 diabetes.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus exhibit similarities and differences in epitope recognition.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody assay using 125I-labelled recombinant GAD65 produced in yeast.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Detection by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identifies Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults with Poor Islet Function.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody prevalence and association with HLA genotype in patients with younger-onset type 1 diabetes and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody-negative Slowly Progressive Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase epitope protects against autoimmune diabetes through activation of Th2 immune response and induction of possible regulatory mechanism.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Injection Into Lymph Nodes: Beta Cell Function and Immune Responses in Recent Onset Type 1 Diabetes Patients.
Glutamic Acid decarboxylase therapy for recent-onset type 1 diabetes: are we at the end or the beginning of finding a cure?
Heat shock protein studies in type 1 and type 2 diabetes and human islet cell culture.
Heritability of levels of autoantibodies using the method of plotting regression of offspring on midparent (ROMP).
Heterogeneity in the occurrence of a subset of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in autoimmune polyendocrine patients with islet cell antibodies.
High affinity presentation of an autoantigenic peptide in type I diabetes by an HLA class II protein encoded in a haplotype protecting from disease.
High diagnostic sensitivity of glutamate decarboxylase autoantibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with clinical onset between age 20 and 40 years. The Belgian Diabetes Registry.
High frequency of diabetes-specific autoantibodies in parents of children with type 1 diabetes. DENIS study group.
High frequency of persisting or increasing islet-specific autoantibody levels after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes presenting before 40 years of age. The Belgian Diabetes Registry.
High GADA titer increases the risk of insulin requirement in LADA patients: a 7-year follow-up (NIRAD study 7).
High level of concordance between assays for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies. The First International Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Workshop.
High prevalence of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in comparison to islet cell antibodies in patients with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
High prevalence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in long-standing IDDM is not a marker of symptomatic autonomic neuropathy.
High prevalence of GAD65 (and IA-2) antibodies in Japanese IDDM patients by a new immunoprecipitation assay based on recombinant human GAD65.
High prevalence of humoral autoimmunity in first-degree relatives of Mexican type 1 diabetes patients.
High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes.
High Titers of Autoantibodies to Glutamate Decarboxylase in Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Epitope Analysis and Inhibition of Enzyme Activity.
High-titer GAD65 autoantibodies detected in adult diabetes patients using a high efficiency expression vector and cold GAD65 displacement.
Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Higher prevalence of autoantibodies to insulin and GAD65 in Swedish compared to Lithuanian children with type 1 diabetes.
Highly-sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for GAD65 autoantibodies using a thioredoxin-GAD65 fusion antigen.
HLA and glutamic acid decarboxylase in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
HLA class II is associated with the frequency of glutamic acid decarboxylase M(r) 65,000 autoantibodies in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
HLA-associated cellular response to GAD in type 2 diabetes with antibodies to GAD.
HLA-associated inverse correlation between T cell and antibody responsiveness to islet autoantigen in recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
HLA-DQ genotypes are associated with autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
HLA-DR binding analysis of peptides from islet antigens in IDDM.
HLA-DR-DQ haplotypes and specificity of the initial autoantibody in islet specific autoimmunity.
HLA-DRB1 alleles contribute to determining the prognosis of Japanese diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase.
Human autoantibodies react with glutamic acid decarboxylase antigen in human and rat but not in mouse pancreatic islets.
Human B cells secreting immunoglobulin G to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 from a nondiabetic patient with multiple autoantibodies and Graves' disease: a comparison with those present in type 1 diabetes.
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and Islet Autoantibodies Are Tools to Characterize Type 1 Diabetes in Arab Countries: Emphasis on Kuwait.
Human mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles modulate T cell response to islet antigen glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Human mesenchymal stem cells modulate cellular immune response to islet antigen glutamic acid decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes.
Human monoclonal islet cell antibodies from a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus reveal glutamate decarboxylase as the target antigen.
Humoral autoimmune responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase have similar target epitopes and subclass that show titer-dependent disease association.
Humoral immune response to islet autoantigens in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes.
Humoral responses to islet antigen-2 and zinc transporter 8 are attenuated in patients carrying HLA-A*24 alleles at the onset of type 1 diabetes.
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state in an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Hypoglycemic seizures and epilepsy in type I diabetes mellitus.
IA-2 and IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in IDDM and the precursors of the 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments.
IA-2 and IA-2beta: the immune response in IDDM.
IA-2 antibody prevalence and risk assessment of early insulin requirement in subjects presenting with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 71).
IA-2, a transmembrane protein of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
ICA12 autoantibodies are associated with non-DR3/non-DR4 in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults from northern India.
Identification and characterization of glima 38, a glycosylated islet cell membrane antigen, which together with GAD65 and IA2 marks the early phases of autoimmune response in type 1 diabetes.
Identification and functional analysis of mutations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha gene in anti-islet autoantibody-negative Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes.
Identification and modulation of a naturally processed T cell epitope from the diabetes-associated autoantigen human glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (hGAD65).
Identification of a subgroup of black South Africans with type 1 diabetes who are older at diagnosis but have lower levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen 2 autoantibodies.
Identification of immunodominant T cell epitopes of human glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 by using HLA-DR(alpha1*0101,beta1*0401) transgenic mice.
Identification of immunogenic epitopes of GAD 65 presented by Ag7 in non-obese diabetic mice.
Identification of mimicry peptides based on sequential motifs of epitopes derived from 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Identification of monogenic gene mutations in Japanese subjects diagnosed with type 1B diabetes between >5 and 15.1 years of age.
Identification of naturally processed T cell epitopes from glutamic acid decarboxylase presented in the context of HLA-DR alleles by T lymphocytes of recent onset IDDM patients.
Identification of peptides from autoantigens GAD65 and IA-2 that bind to HLA class II molecules predisposing to or protecting from type 1 diabetes.
Identification of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA2 (islet cell antigen 512) as the insulin-dependent diabetes-related 37/40K autoantigen and a target of islet-cell antibodies.
Identification of the 64K autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes as the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Identification of the GABAA receptor subtype mRNA in human pancreatic tissue.
IgG subclass antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and risk for progression to clinical insulin-dependent diabetes.
IgG1 is the dominant subclass of antibody against glutamic acid decarboxylase among type 1 diabetes in Japanese.
IgG4 subclass glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) are associated with a reduced risk of developing type 1 diabetes as well as increased C-peptide levels in GADA positive gestational diabetes.
IgG4-subclass of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody is more frequent in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults than in type 1 diabetes.
Immune modulation induced by tuberculosis DNA vaccine protects non-obese diabetic mice from diabetes progression.
Immune reactivity of diabetes-associated human monoclonal autoantibodies defines multiple epitopes and detects two domain boundaries in glutamate decarboxylase.
Immune reactivity to GAD25 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Immune reactivity to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in stiffman syndrome and type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Immunization with the larger isoform of mouse glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) prevents autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice.
Immuno-chemistry of hydroxyl radical modified GAD-65: A possible role in experimental and human diabetes mellitus.
Immunodominant epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Immunoglobulin variable gene analysis of human autoantibodies reveals antigen-driven immune response to glutamate decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Immunohistochemical detection of the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase and hormones of the islets of Langerhans in spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in cattle.
Immunohistochemical differentiation of monoclonal GAD antibodies recognizing linear or conformational epitope regions.
Immunologic and genetic markers in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) in an Argentine population.
Immunomodulation with human recombinant autoantigens.
Immunopathogenic role of TH1 cells in autoimmune diabetes: evidence from a T1 and T2 doubly transgenic non-obese diabetic mouse model.
Immunoregulation in autoimmune thyroid disease.
Immunotherapeutic treatment of autoimmune diabetes.
Immunotherapy of autoimmune diabetes by nasal administration of tandem glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 peptides.
Impaired vibrotactile sense showed no association with insulinoma associated protein 2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in paediatric type 1 diabetes.
Importance of GAD65 peptides and I-Ag7 in the development of insulitis in nonobese diabetic mice.
Improved in planta expression of the human islet autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65).
Improving clinical utility of GAD65 autoantibodies by electrochemiluminescence assay and clinical phenotype when identifying autoimmune adult-onset diabetes.
In vitro stimulation with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) leads to an oligoclonal response of peripheral T-cells in an IDDM patient.
Increased risk for endocrine autoimmunity in Italian type 2 diabetic patients with GAD65 autoantibodies.
Induction of anti-whole GAD65 reactivity in vivo results in disease suppression in type 1 diabetes.
Induction of autoimmune diabetes through insulin (but not GAD65) DNA vaccination in nonobese diabetic and in RIP-B7.1 mice.
Induction of GAD65-specific regulatory T-cells inhibits ongoing autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.
Induction of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-specific Th2 cells and suppression of autoimmune diabetes at late stages of disease is epitope dependent.
Induction of oral tolerance to prevent diabetes with transgenic plants requires glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and IL-4.
Influence of age at diagnosis and duration of diabetes on the positivity of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in South-Brazilian type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Influence of sex and age at onset on autoantibodies against insulin, GAD65 and IA2 in recent onset type 1 diabetic patients.
Inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation induces hyper-expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase in pancreatic islet cells.
Insulin autoantibodies: evidence of autoimmune disease among a group of Puerto Rican children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Insulin VNTR I/III genotype is associated with autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus during alpha-interferon therapy for chronic viral hepatitis.
International Workshop on Lessons From Animal Models for Human Type 1 Diabetes: identification of insulin but not glutamic acid decarboxylase or IA-2 as specific autoantigens of humoral autoimmunity in nonobese diabetic mice.
Interventions for latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) in adults.
Intradermal or oral delivery of GAD-encoding genetic vaccines suppresses type 1 diabetes.
Intradermal skin test with diabetes specific antigens in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Intralymphatic Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase With Vitamin D Supplementation in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase IIb Trial.
Investigating the potential impact of post translational modification of auto-antigens by tissue transglutaminase on humoral islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes.
Islet autoantibodies are associated with HLA-DQ genotypes in Han Chinese patients with type 1 diabetes and their relatives.
Islet autoantibodies in cord blood from patients who developed type 1 diabetes mellitus at 15-30 years of age.
Islet autoantibodies in Latvian subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: slow-onset type 1 diabetes or polyendocrine autoimmunity?
Islet autoantibody markers in IDDM: risk assessment strategies yielding high sensitivity.
Islet cell and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and heat-shock protein 65 responses in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Islet cell antibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus undergoing kidney and islet-after-kidney transplantation.
Islet cell antibodies, but not glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, are decreased by plasmapheresis in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Islet cell autoantibodies in African patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in Dar es Salaam Tanzania: a cross sectional study.
Islet cell autoimmunity in white and black children and adolescents with IDDM.
Islet glutamic acid decarboxylase modified by reactive oxygen species is recognized by antibodies from patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Islet transplantation in patients with autoimmune diabetes induces homeostatic cytokines that expand autoreactive memory T cells.
Isolation and functional characterization of recombinant GAD65 autoantibodies derived by IgG repertoire cloning from patients with type 1 diabetes.
Isolation by anion-exchange of immunologically and enzymatically active human islet glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells.
Ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes--is it type 1 and 1/2 diabetes?
Knock-out of the histidine decarboxylase gene modifies the repertoire of natural autoantibodies.
Lack of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in young adults of the high diabetes prevalence Wanigela people of Papua New Guinea.
Lack of association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese subjects.
Lack of immunohistological changes in the islets of nondiabetic, autoimmune, polyendocrine patients with beta-selective GAD-specific islet cell antibodies.
Latent autoimmune diabetes and limbic encephalitis with antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in Asian and European populations.
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults in North Indian Region: Assessment of ?-Cell Function, Metabolic and Immunological Features.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in an adult.
Latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults (LADA): the role of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in diagnosis and prediction of insulin dependency.
Latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood: case report.
Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults is phenotypically similar to type 1 diabetes in a minority population.
Limbic encephalitis and type 1 diabetes with glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) autoimmunity: improvement with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.
Linkage and association studies in insulin-dependent diabetes with a new dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the GAD65 locus.
Localization of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the kidneys of nonobese diabetic mice.
Long-lasting immune responses 4 years after GAD-alum treatment in children with type 1 diabetes.
Long-term risk of stroke in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic ketoacidosis: A population-based, propensity score-matched, longitudinal follow-up study.
Low C-peptide together with a high glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody level predicts progression to insulin dependence in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: The HUNT study.
Low prevalence of islet autoantibodies in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Mapping of an autoreactive epitope within glutamate decarboxylase using a diabetes-associated human monoclonal autoantibody and an epitope cDNA library.
Maternal autoimmune thyroid disease and the fetal immune system.
Measurement of antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA): two new 125I assays compared with [35S]GAD 65-ligand binding assay.
Measurement of islet cell antibodies in the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium: efforts to harmonize procedures among the laboratories.
Metabolic Characteristics of Recently Diagnosed Adult-Onset Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus.
Metabolic syndrome and autoimmune diabetes: action LADA 3.
Metabolite Profiling of LADA Challenges the View of a Metabolically Distinct Subtype.
MHC class I chain-related gene-A is associated with IA2 and IAA but not GAD in Swedish type 1 diabetes mellitus.
MHC class I-restricted determinants on the glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 molecule induce spontaneous CTL activity.
Modulation of diabetes in NOD mice by GAD65-specific monoclonal antibodies is epitope specific and accompanied by anti-idiotypic antibodies.
Molecular and cellular analyses of HLA class II-associated susceptibility to autoimmune diseases in the Japanese population.
Molecular mimicry in diabetes mellitus: the homologous domain in coxsackie B virus protein 2C and islet autoantigen GAD65 is highly conserved in the coxsackie B-like enteroviruses and binds to the diabetes associated HLA-DR3 molecule.
Molecular mimicry in type 1 diabetes mellitus revisited: T-cell clones to GAD65 peptides with sequence homology to Coxsackie or proinsulin peptides do not crossreact with homologous counterpart.
Molecular profile of the T cell receptors of regulatory and effector CD4+ T cells recognizing overlapping determinants on glutamic acid decarboxylase (524-543).
Most Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Have Impaired Glucose Metabolism after a Decade.
Moving towards efficient therapies in type 1 diabetes: to combine or not to combine?
Multiple microRNAs within the 14q32 cluster target the mRNAs of major type 1 diabetes autoantigens IA-2, IA-2?, and GAD65.
Murine monoclonal glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 antibodies recognize autoimmune-associated GAD epitope regions targeted in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and stiff-man syndrome.
Nasal administration of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides induces Th2 responses and prevents murine insulin-dependent diabetes.
Naturally processed T cell epitopes from human glutamic acid decarboxylase identified using mice transgenic for the type 1 diabetes-associated human MHC class II allele, DRB1*0401.
Negativation of Type 1 Diabetes Associated Autoantibodies to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and Insulin in Children Treated with Oral Calcitriol.
Neural Autoantibody Profile of Primary Achalasia.
Neutralizing Ljungan virus antibodies in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
New-onset diabetes in an obese adolescent: diagnostic dilemmas.
Newly diagnosed latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is associated with low level glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) and IA-2 autoantibodies. Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS).
Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals That HLA-DRB3, -DRB4, and -DRB5 May Be Associated With Islet Autoantibodies and Risk for Childhood Type 1 Diabetes.
No association of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and diabetic complications in patients with IDDM.
No association of type 1 diabetes with a microsatellite marker for CTLA-4 in a Japanese population.
No Contribution of GAD-65 and IA-2 Autoantibodies around Time of Diagnosis to the Increasing Incidence of Juvenile Type 1 Diabetes: A 9-Year Nationwide Danish Study.
No evidence of autoimmunity in 6-year-old children immunized at birth with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine.
No specific reactivity to E. coli glutamic acid decarboxylase from sera of newly-diagnosed insulin dependent diabetic patients.
NOD background genes influence T cell responses to GAD 65 in HLA-DQ8 transgenic mice.
Non-food/feed seeds as biofactories for the high-yield production of recombinant pharmaceuticals.
Non-HLA type 1 diabetes genes modulate disease risk together with HLA-DQ and islet autoantibodies.
Normal values of first-phase insulin response to intravenous glucose in healthy Italian children and adolescents. The Prediabetes Study Group of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (SIEDP).
Novel diabetes autoantibodies and prediction of type 1 diabetes.
Novel fusion proteins in the analysis of diabetes-associated autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2.
Number of autoantibodies and HLA genotype, more than high titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies, predict insulin dependence in latent autoimmune diabetes of adults.
Nutrient regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid release from islet beta cells.
Occurrence of type 1 diabetes in graves' disease patients who are positive for antiglutamic Acid decarboxylase antibodies: an 8-year followup study.
Onset age-dependent variations of three islet specific autoantibodies in Japanese IDDM patients.
Optimal cutoff point of glutamate decarboxylase antibody titers in differentiating two subtypes of adult-onset latent autoimmune diabetes.
Optimized Peptide-MHC Multimer Protocols for Detection and Isolation of Autoimmune T-Cells.
Oral Administration of Silkworm-Produced GAD65 and Insulin Bi-Autoantigens against Type 1 Diabetes.
Pancreatic autoantibodies in Italian patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus under the age of 20 years.
Pancreatic autoantibodies in Tunisian children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
Pancreatic beta cell function and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) in Chinese patients with clinical diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Pancreatic exocrine function in patients with diabetes.
Pancreatic islet cell cytoplasmic antibody in diabetes is represented by antibodies to islet cell antigen 512 and glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Pediatric fulminant type 1 diabetes with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody.
Peptide from glutamic acid decarboxylase similar to coxsackie B virus stimulates IFN-gamma mRNA expression in Th1-like lymphocytes from children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Peptide immunotherapy in autoimmune diseases.
Peptide specificity of high-titer anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 autoantibodies.
Peptide-specific cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes against glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Periodontal conditions, retinopathy, and serum markers in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Peripheral and Islet Interleukin-17 Pathway Activation Characterizes Human Autoimmune Diabetes and Promotes Cytokine-Mediated {beta}-Cell Death.
Persistence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) is associated with clinical characteristics of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: a prospective study with 3-year follow-up.
Persistent GAD 65 antibodies in longstanding IDDM are not associated with residual beta-cell function, neuropathy or HLA-DR status.
Plasma GAD65, a Marker for Early ?-Cell Loss After Intraportal Islet Cell Transplantation in Diabetic Patients.
Plasmapheresis as an Early Treatment for Severe Hypertriglyceridemia, Acute Pancreatitis, and Diabetic Ketoacidosis.
Plasmid DNAs encoding insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 have distinct effects on the progression of autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.
Positive autoantibodies to ZnT8 indicate elevated risk for additional autoimmune conditions in patients with Addison's disease.
Possible human leukocyte antigen-mediated genetic interaction between type 1 and type 2 Diabetes.
Potential autoantigens in IDDM. Expression of carboxypeptidase-H and insulin but not glutamate decarboxylase on the beta-cell surface.
Prediction and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes using beta-cell autoantibodies.
Prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in siblings of children with diabetes. A population-based study. The Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
Predictive Characteristics of Diabetes-Associated Autoantibodies Among Children With HLA-Conferred Disease Susceptibility in the General Population.
Predictive value of human leukocyte antigen class II typing for the development of islet autoantibodies and insulin-dependent diabetes postpartum in women with gestational diabetes.
Preservation of enzyme activity and antigenicity after mutagenesis of the membrane anchoring domain of GAD65.
Prevalence of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in women who have had gestational diabetes.
Prevalence of autoantibodies to the 65- and 67-kD isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Prevalence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies among patients presenting with type 2 diabetes and related metabolic differences.
Prevalence of diabetes-specific autoantibodies in patients at risk for adult onset diabetes mellitus.
Prevalence of GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies in IDDM patients affected by diabetic nephropathy.
Prevalence of ICA-12 and other autoantibodies in north Indian patients with early-onset diabetes.
Prevalence of zinc transporter 8 antibodies in gestational diabetes mellitus.
Prevalence of ZnT8 antibody in relation to phenotype and SLC30A8 polymorphism in adult autoimmune diabetes: results from the HUNT study, Norway.
Prevalence, characteristics and diabetes risk associated with transient maternally acquired islet antibodies and persistent islet antibodies in offspring of parents with type 1 diabetes.
Prevention of autoimmune diabetes by immunogene therapy using recombinant vaccinia virus expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Prevention of autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic female mice by treatment with recombinant glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65).
Prevention of type I diabetes transfer by glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 peptide 206-220-specific T cells.
Primary DQ effect in the association between HLA and neurological syndromes with anti-GAD65 antibodies.
Pro-apoptotic DNA vaccination ameliorates new onset of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice and induces foxp3+ regulatory T cells in vitro.
Programmed Cell Death-1 Inhibitor-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Programmed death-1 ligands-transfected dendritic cells loaded with glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) inhibit both the alloresponse and the GAD65-reactive lymphocyte response.
Progression to type 1 diabetes is associated with a change in the immunoglobulin isotype profile of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65). Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
Proinsulin peptide promotes autoimmune diabetes in a novel HLA-DR3-DQ2-transgenic murine model of spontaneous disease.
Proinsulin/Insulin Autoantibodies Measured With Electrochemiluminescent Assay Are the Earliest Indicator of Prediabetic Islet Autoimmunity.
Proliferative lymphocyte responses to virus antigens homologous to GAD65 in IDDM.
Prospective evaluation of beta-cell function in insulin autoantibody-positive relatives of insulin-dependent diabetic patients.
Protein-engineered molecules carrying GAD65 epitopes and targeting CD35 selectively down-modulate disease-associated human B lymphocytes.
Quantitative analysis of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD 65) gene expression in NOD mouse pancreas.
Quantitative analysis of islet glutamic acid decarboxylase p64 autoantibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Radioimmunoassay detects the frequent occurrence of autoantibodies to the Mr 65,000 isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase in Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes.
Radioimmunoassay for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies as a diagnostic aid for stiff-man syndrome and a correlate of susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Radioimmunoassay for glutamic acid decarboxylase-65.
Radioimmunoassays for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) and GAD65 autoantibodies using 35S or 3H recombinant human ligands.
Radioimmunoprecipitation assay for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies evaluated clinically with sera from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Rapid-onset type 1 diabetes associated with cytomegalovirus infection and islet autoantibody synthesis.
Reactivity to human islets and fetal pig proislets by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from subjects with preclinical and clinical insulin-dependent diabetes.
Recent Patents on Immunoregulatory DNA Vaccines for Autoimmune Diseases and Allograft Rejection.
Recessive tolerance to preproinsulin 2 reduces but does not abolish type 1 diabetes.
Recognition of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) by autoantibodies from different GAD antibody-positive phenotypes.
Recognition of post-translationally modified glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 epitopes in subjects with type 1 diabetes.
Recombinant human GAD65 accumulates to high levels in transgenic tobacco plants when expressed as an enzymatically inactive mutant.
Recurrence of autoreactive antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in autoimmune diabetes after pancreas transplantation.
Recurrence of immunological markers for type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in immunosuppressed patients after pancreas transplantation.
Reduced display of conformational epitopes in the N-terminal truncated GAD65 isoform: relevance for people with stiff person syndrome or DQ8/8-positive Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Reference limits for GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies by chemiluminescence immunoassay in Northern European adults and children.
Regulation of GAD expression in rat pancreatic islets and brain by gamma-vinyl-GABA and glucose.
Regulation of GAD65 expression by SMAR1 and p53 upon Streptozotocin treatment.
Regulatory and effector CD4 T cells in nonobese diabetic mice recognize overlapping determinants on glutamic acid decarboxylase and use distinct V beta genes.
Regulatory T cell phenotype and function 4 years after GAD-alum treatment in children with type 1 diabetes.
Relation between cellular and humoral immunity to islet cell antigens in type 1 diabetes.
Relation between T-cell responses to glutamate decarboxylase and coxsackievirus B4 in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Relationship between autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase, thyroglobulin/thyroid microsome and DNA topoisomerase II in the clinical manifestation of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan.
Relationship between the prevalence of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies and duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Brazilian patients.
Replacement of methionine-161 with threonine eliminates a major by-product of human glutamate decarboxylase 65-kDa variant expression in Escherichia coli.
Residual insulin production and pancreatic ß-cell turnover after 50 years of diabetes: Joslin Medalist Study.
Responses of NOD congenic mice to a glutamic acid decarboxylase-derived peptide.
Restricted islet-cell reactive T cell repertoire of early pancreatic islet infiltrates in NOD mice.
Reversal of Hyperglycemia and Suppression of Type 1 Diabetes in the NOD Mouse with Apoptotic DNA Immunotherapy™ (ADi™), ADi-100.
Risk for developing type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and the presence of islet 64K antibodies.
Role of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.
Rotavirus Infection Enhances Levels of Autoantibodies Against Islet Cell Antigens GAD65 and IA-2 in Children with Type 1 Diabetes.
Safety and efficacy of autoantigen-specific therapy with 2 doses of alum-formulated glutamate decarboxylase in children with multiple islet autoantibodies and risk for type 1 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial.
Sardinia: a battlefield approach to type I diabetes epidemiology. Sardinia-IDDM Study Groups.
Screening for preclinical type 1 diabetes in a discrete population with an apparent increased disease incidence.
Screening strategies for the identification of multiple antibody-positive relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Selective screening of secretory vesicle-associated proteins for autoantigens in type 1 diabetes: VAMP2 and NPY are new minor autoantigens.
Self and viral peptides can initiate lysis by autologous natural killer cells.
Self-antigen-presenting cells expressing diabetes-associated autoantigens exist in both thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs.
Sequence homology of the diabetes-associated autoantigen glutamate decarboxylase with coxsackie B4-2C protein and heat shock protein 60 mediates no molecular mimicry of autoantibodies.
Sequential elevation of autoantibodies to thyroglobulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes.
Serum IgG to heat shock proteins and Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens in diabetic patients with periodontitis.
Several different enterovirus serotypes can be associated with prediabetic autoimmune episodes and onset of overt IDDM. Childhood Diabetes in Finland (DiMe) Study Group.
Severe anaphylactic reactions to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) self peptides in NOD mice that spontaneously develop autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Significance of IA-2 antibody in Japanese type 1 diabetes: its association with GAD antibody.
Similar peptides from two beta cell autoantigens, proinsulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase, stimulate T cells of individuals at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes.
Simultaneous occurrence of diabetes mellitus and juvenile dermatomyositis: report of two cases.
Simultaneous triple organ specific autoantibody profiling in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their first-degree relatives*
Site-directed mutagenesis of K396R of the 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase active site obliterates enzyme activity but not antibody binding.
Six-year follow-up of pancreatic beta cell function in adults with latent autoimmune diabetes.
Small Cell Lung Cancer Expressing Glutamate Decarboxylase with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.
Smoking Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Contrasting With Increased Risk in Overweight Men With Type 2 Diabetes: A 22-year follow-up of the HUNT study.
Species and epitope specificity of two 65 kDa glutamate decarboxylase time-resolved fluorometric immunoassays.
Spontaneous loss of T-cell tolerance to glutamic acid decarboxylase in murine insulin-dependent diabetes.
ss-cell autoantibodies, human leukocyte antigen II alleles, and type 1 diabetes in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy.
Stable GAD65 autoantibody epitope patterns in type 1 diabetes children five years after onset.
Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) and anti-GAD-related CNS degenerations: Protean additions to the autoimmune central neuropathies.
Stiff-person syndrome associated with cerebellar ataxia and high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titer.
Stratification of type 1 diabetes risk on the basis of islet autoantibody characteristics.
Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 encodes a protein highly similar to the human glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65).
Structural determinants of GAD antigenicity.
Structural model of human GAD65: prediction and interpretation of biochemical and immunogenic features.
Subtle hyperproinsulinaemia characterises the defective insulin secretory capacity in offspring of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-positive patients with latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults.
Suppression of hyperglycemia in NOD mice after inoculation with recombinant vaccinia viruses.
Synaptic vesicle-associated glutamate decarboxylase: identification and relationship to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
T cell autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
T cell clones to epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 raised from normal subjects and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes.
T cell cross-reactivity between coxsackievirus and glutamate decarboxylase is associated with a murine diabetes susceptibility allele.
T cell immunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in fulminant type 1 diabetes without significant elevation of serum amylase.
T cell proliferative responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 in IDDM are negatively associated with HLA DR3/4.
T cell regulation mediated by interaction of soluble CD52 with the inhibitory receptor Siglec-10.
T cell responses to type 1 diabetes related peptides sharing homologous regions.
T cells recognize multiple GAD65 and proinsulin epitopes in human type 1 diabetes, suggesting determinant spreading.
T-cell epitopes in type 1 diabetes autoantigen tyrosine phosphatase IA-2: potential for mimicry with rotavirus and other environmental agents.
T-cell reactivity to GAD65 peptide sequences shared with coxsackie virus protein in recent-onset IDDM, post-onset IDDM patients and control subjects.
T-lymphocyte lines specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the 64K beta-cell antigen of IDDM.
T1D Autoantibodies: room for improvement?
Tetraspanin 7 autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes.
The 12th International Immunology and Diabetes Workshop. Orlando, Florida.
The age of onset of diabetes and glutamic acid decarboxylase titer measured long after diagnosis are associated with the clinical stage of slow-onset type 1 diabetes.
The association between the PTPN22 1858C>T variant and type 1 diabetes depends on HLA risk and GAD65 autoantibodies.
The clinical and immunological significance of GAD-specific autoantibody and T-cell responses in type 1 diabetes.
THE CLINICAL AND METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG-ONSET KETOSIS-PRONE TYPE 2 DIABETES IN CHINA.
The combination of antibodies to GAD-65 and IA-2ic can replace the islet-cell antibody assay to identify subjects at risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
The effect of cytokines on expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 in cultured islets.
The ethnic distribution of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase: presence and levels of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Europid and Asian subjects.
The first 142 amino acids of glutamate decarboxylase do not contribute to epitopes recognized by autoantibodies associated with Type 1 diabetes.
The Frequency of Langerhans Islets ?-Cells Autoantibodies (Anti-GAD) in Georgian Children and Adolescents with Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis.
The glutamate decarboxylase and 38KD autoantigens in type 1 diabetes: aspects of structure and epitope recognition.
The glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 immunoglobulin G subclass profile differs between adult-onset type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) up to 3 years after clinical onset.
The insulin gene is transcribed in the human thymus and transcription levels correlated with allelic variation at the INS VNTR-IDDM2 susceptibility locus for type 1 diabetes.
The lack of anti-idiotypic antibodies, not the presence of the corresponding autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase, defines type 1 diabetes.
The Melbourne Pre-Diabetes Study: prediction of type 1 diabetes mellitus using antibody and metabolic testing.
The modulation of mature dendritic cells from patients with type 1 diabetes using human periodontal ligament stem cells. An in-vitro study.
The PEVKEK region of the pyridoxal phosphate binding domain of GAD65 expresses a dominant B cell epitope for type 1 diabetes sera.
The prevalence and predictive value of the SLC30A8 R325W polymorphism and zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies in the development of GDM and postpartum type 1 diabetes.
The prevalence of early subclinical somatic neuropathy in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and its association with the persistence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and islet antigen-2 (IA-2).
The prevalence of the 65-kilodalton isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies by glucose tolerance status in elderly patients from the cardiovascular health study.
The prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus in the state of Qatar.
The prognostic significance of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in patients with chronic pancreatitis undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation.
The risk of progression to type 1 diabetes is highly variable in individuals with multiple autoantibodies following screening.
The Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Type 1 Diabetes.
The role of immunomodulation therapy in autoimmune diabetes.
The three ZNT8 autoantibody variants together improve the diagnostic sensitivity of childhood and adolescent type 1 diabetes.
Therapeutic alteration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus progression by T cell tolerance to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 peptides in vitro and in vivo.
Thyroid and Islet Autoantibodies Predict Autoimmune Thyroid Disease at Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosis.
Thyroid autoantibodies in Thai type 1 diabetic patients: clinical significance and their relationship with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Thyroid autoimmunity in 72 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: relationship with pancreatic autoimmunity and child growth.
Time dynamics of autoantibodies are coupled to phenotypes and add to the heterogeneity of autoimmune diabetes in adults: the HUNT study, Norway.
Time-resolved fluorescence imaging in islet cell autoantibody quantitation.
Time-resolved fluorometric assay for detection of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65).
Time-resolved immunofluorometric dual-label assay for simultaneous detection of autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 in children with type 1 diabetes.
Titre and combination of ICA and autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase discriminate two clinically distinct types of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).
Tolerogenic dendritic cells induce antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness in insulin- and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-autoreactive T lymphocytes from type 1 diabetic patients.
Transcription factor jun-B is target of autoreactive T-cells in IDDM.
Transfer of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus associated autoimmunity to mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).
Transgenic plants expressing human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Treatment outcome for IDDM patients in relation to glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies and serum IgG to periodontal pathogens.
Treatment with GAD65 or BSA does not protect against diabetes in BB rats.
Trimming of two major type 1 diabetes driving antigens, GAD65 and IA-2, allows for successful expression in Lactococcus lactis.
Two distinct glutamic acid decarboxylase auto-antibody specificities in IDDM target different epitopes.
Two-step islet autoantibody screening for risk assessment of type 1 diabetes in relatives.
Type 1 diabetes and epilepsy in childhood and adolescence: Do glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies play a role? Data from the German/Austrian/Swiss/Luxembourgian DPV Registry.
Type 1 diabetes and GAD65 limbic encephalitis: a case report of a 10-year-old girl.
Type 1 diabetes genetic risk score discriminates between monogenic and Type 1 diabetes in children diagnosed at the age of <5 years in the Iranian population.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with Graves' disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C before and after interferon therapy.
Type 1 diabetes-related antibodies in the fetal circulation: prevalence and influence on cord insulin and birth weight in offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes-related autoantibodies in different forms of diabetes.
Tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA-2) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies: a study of Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus.
Unique epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in slowly progressive type 1 diabetes.
Use of an islet cell antibody assay to identify type 1 diabetic patients with rapid decrease in C-peptide levels after clinical onset. Belgian Diabetes Registry.
Vaccination against type 1 diabetes.
Vaccination with a co-expression DNA plasmid containing GAD65 fragment gene and IL-10 gene induces regulatory CD4(+) T cells that prevent experimental autoimmune diabetes.
Vaccination with glutamic acid decarboxylase plasmid DNA protects mice from spontaneous autoimmune diabetes and B7/CD28 costimulation circumvents that protection.
Value of antibodies to GAD65 combined with islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies for predicting IDDM in a childhood population.
Value of antibodies to islet protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule in predicting type 1 diabetes.
Variation of C peptide decay rate in diabetic patients with positive glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody: better discrimination with initial fasting C peptide.
Vesicular autoantigens of type 1 diabetes.
Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms influence susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Taiwanese population.
What are the characteristics of phenotypic type 2 diabetic patients with low-titer GAD65 antibodies?
Widespread expression of an autoantigen-GAD65 transgene does not tolerize non-obese diabetic mice and can exacerbate disease.
Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus do not carry antibodies against minor islet cell antigens.
Zinc transporter-8 autoantibodies improve prediction of type 1 diabetes in relatives positive for the standard biochemical autoantibodies.
[A young woman with metabolic acidosis and recently discovered IDDM without ketonuria. A rare autoimmune (?) combination of hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus and distal renal tubular acidosis]
[Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) as markers of risk for development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]
[Association of autoantibody and cytokines with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
[Auto-antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase and diabetes]
[Autoantibodies to GAD65, IA2 and insulin in Czech children with type 1 diabetes]
[Autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase in children with newly detected insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]
[Construction and identification of 2 secreted human GAD65 fragment DNA vaccines]
[Detection of GAD65 reactive T cells in some Chinese subjects initially diagnosed as with idiopathic type 1 diabetes]
[Expression of autoantibodies to ICA512 and GAD in the sera of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis or ketonemia]
[Genetic engineering approaches to the study of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus markers]
[Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)--an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)]
[Identification of the two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults by glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody titers]
[Immunologic and genetic aspects of latent autoimmune diabetes in the adult]
[Islet beta cell function in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults with islet cell antibodies]
[Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults(LADA): part of the clinical spectrum of type-1 diabetes mellitus of autoimmune origin]
[Metabolic syndrome and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
[Plasma levels of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 in recently diagnosed type 1 diabetic children and their association with beta-pancreatic autoantibodies]
[Prevalence and predictive value of GAD65 autoantibodies and their correlation with HLA DR-DQ genotypes in children with type-1 diabetes]
[Relation between insulin resistance and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titers in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
[Study on structural gene expression in human insulinoma]
[The prevention of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]
[Value of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody detection for early diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A convenient diagnostic tool for discriminating adult-onset glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-positive autoimmune diabetes from type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.
A Triad of Ketoacidosis, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Acute Pancreatitis Associated With Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drinks Abuse in a Caucasian Patient With Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Can Identify Patients With GAD65 Autoantibody-Positive Type 2 Diabetes Who Rapidly Progress to Insulin Therapy.
Activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes by insulin and GAD in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus.
Altered natural killer (NK) cell frequency and phenotype in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) prior to insulin deficiency.
ANNALS EXPRESS: Development of a novel ultra-sensitive enzyme immunoassay for human GAD65 antibody.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in the prediction of insulin dependency.
Antibodies to IA-2 and GAD65 in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: isotype restriction and polyclonality.
Antibodies to new beta cell antigen ICA12 in Latvian diabetes patients.
Antibodies to SOX13 (ICA12) are associated with type 1 diabetes.
Association of HLA class II alleles with different subgroups of diabetes mellitus in Eastern India identify different associations with IDDM and malnutrition-related diabetes.
Atezolizumab-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
Autoantibodies in children with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 antibodies are increased, but not tissue transglutaminase (TTG-Ab) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients from South India.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and phenotypic features associated with early insulin treatment in individuals with adult-onset diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to IA-2 and GAD65 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of varied duration: prevalence and correlation with clinical features.
Autoantibodies to N-terminally truncated GAD improve clinical phenotyping of individuals with adult-onset diabetes: Action LADA 12.
Autoantibody recognition of COOH-terminal epitopes of GAD65 marks the risk for insulin requirement in adult-onset diabetes mellitus.
Autoimmune diabetes in adults: lessons from the UKPDS.
Autoimmune markers of diabetes in diabetic pregnancy.
Autoimmunity plays a role in the onset of diabetes after 40 years of age.
BCG vaccination and GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies in autoimmune diabetes in southern India.
Clinical and biochemical characteristics of nonobese type 2 diabetic patients with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in Korea.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of diabetic patients with high-titer (>10,000 U/ml) of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of GAD-antibody positive patients initially diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes.
Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Non-Insulin-Requiring Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) Autoantibody-Positive Diabetes: A Nationwide Survey in Japan.
Clinical characteristics of patients with the initial diagnosis of NIDDM with positivity for antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Clinical evaluation of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients with autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Crucial points at diagnosis. Type 2 diabetes or slow type 1 diabetes.
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS: A COMMON DEBUT OF DIABETES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES.
Diagnostic role of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults.
Diagnostic significance of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in Japanese diabetic patients with secondary oral hypoglycemic agents failure.
Engineered variants of human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and autoantibody epitope recognition.
Epitope-restricted 65-kilodalton glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies among new-onset Sardinian type 2 diabetes patients define phenotypes of autoimmune diabetes.
Evaluation of a novel radioimmunoassay using 125I-labelled human recombinant GAD65 for the determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies.
Evidence of islet cell autoimmunity in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.
Expression of recombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in myeloma cells and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for autoantibodies to GAD.
Fasting c-peptide and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 levels help to distinguish childhood type 1 and type 2 diabetes at diagnosis.
Frequency of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in Asian patients diagnosed as type 2 diabetes in Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Frequency, clinical features, inflammatory cytokines and genetic background of latent autoimmune diabetes in youth in youth-onset type 2 diabetes (LADA China study): a nationwide, multicenter, clinic-based cross-sectional study.
Further evidence that mutations in INS can be a rare cause of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY).
GAD antibodies in NIDDM. Ten-year follow-up from the diagnosis.
GAD antibodies in probands and their relatives in a cohort clinically selected for Type 2 diabetes.
GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies are common in a subset of siblings of Sardinian Type 2 diabetes families.
GAD65 Antibodies, Chronic Psychosis, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
GAD65 autoimmunity-clinical studies.
GADA Titer-Related Risk for Organ-Specific Autoimmunity in LADA Subjects Subdivided according to Gender (NIRAD Study 6).
Genetic and clinical characteristics of maturity-onset diabetes of the young in Chinese patients.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibody levels discriminate two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen 2 antibody profiles in people with adult-onset diabetes mellitus: a comparison between mixed ethnic populations in Singapore and Germany.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Detection by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identifies Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults with Poor Islet Function.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase65 (GAD65) antibodies and insulin auto-antibodies in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
High-titer GAD65 autoantibodies detected in adult diabetes patients using a high efficiency expression vector and cold GAD65 displacement.
HLA-associated cellular response to GAD in type 2 diabetes with antibodies to GAD.
HLA-DRB1 alleles contribute to determining the prognosis of Japanese diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase.
IA-2 antibody prevalence and risk assessment of early insulin requirement in subjects presenting with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 71).
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Report of Four Cases and Literature Review.
Incremental cost-effectiveness of algorithm-driven genetic testing versus no testing for Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) in Singapore.
Insulin autoantibody could help to screen latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in phenotypic type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese.
Insulin intervention to preserve beta cells in slowly progressive insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus.
Insulin resistance in latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood.
Interaction Between Overweight and Genotypes of HLA, TCF7L2, and FTO in Relation to the Risk of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Type 2 Diabetes.
Islet autoantibodies in Latvian subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: slow-onset type 1 diabetes or polyendocrine autoimmunity?
Islet cell antibodies and antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase in newly diagnosed adult-onset diabetes mellitus.
Islet cell antibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, but not the clinical phenotype, help to identify type 1(1/2) diabetes in patients presenting with type 2 diabetes.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in Asian and European populations.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in South Wales: incidence and characterization.
Longitudinal changes in epitope recognition of autoantibodies against glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65Ab) in prediabetic adults developing diabetes.
Low agreement between radio binding assays in analyzing glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65Ab) autoantibodies in patients classified with type 2 diabetes.
Metabolic Characteristics of Recently Diagnosed Adult-Onset Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus.
Metabolic syndrome and autoimmune diabetes: action LADA 3.
Metabolic syndrome in adult-onset latent autoimmune diabetes.
MHC class I chain-related gene a alleles distinguish malnutrition-modulated diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes, and non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients from eastern India.
Microsatellite allele A5.1 of MHC class I chain-related gene A is associated with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in Latvia.
Most Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Have Impaired Glucose Metabolism after a Decade.
Past, present and future of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Possible human leukocyte antigen-mediated genetic interaction between type 1 and type 2 Diabetes.
Prevalence and correlates of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in Tianjin, China: a population based cross-sectional study.
Prevalence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies among patients presenting with type 2 diabetes and related metabolic differences.
Prevalence of GAD65 antibodies in lean subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Relationship between serum GAD-Ab and the genetic polymorphisms of GAD2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Retinopathy in latent autoimmune diabetes of adults: the Fremantle Diabetes Study.
Saxagliptin improves glycaemic control and C-peptide secretion in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).
Sequencing reveals protective and pathogenic effects on development of diabetes of rare GLIS3 variants.
Seroconversion of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in a patient initially diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Smoking Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Contrasting With Increased Risk in Overweight Men With Type 2 Diabetes: A 22-year follow-up of the HUNT study.
The association between GAD65 antibody levels and incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in an adult population: A meta-analysis.
THE CLINICAL AND METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG-ONSET KETOSIS-PRONE TYPE 2 DIABETES IN CHINA.
The first series of cases of ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (flatbush diabetes) in Brazilian adults.
The prevalence of the 65-kilodalton isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies by glucose tolerance status in elderly patients from the cardiovascular health study.
The relationship of insulin secretion and GAD65 antibody levels at diagnosis on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
UKPDS 25: autoantibodies to islet-cell cytoplasm and glutamic acid decarboxylase for prediction of insulin requirement in type 2 diabetes. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group.
ZnT8 Autoantibodies Complement GAD and IA-2 Autoantibodies in the Identification and Characterization of Japanese Type 1 Diabetes.
[A cost analysis of diagnostic screening for the differentiation of type-1 and type-2 diabetics aged 30 to 45. A health economics modelling calculation]
[Identification of the two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults by glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody titers]
[Immunologic and genetic aspects of latent autoimmune diabetes in the adult]
[Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults(LADA): part of the clinical spectrum of type-1 diabetes mellitus of autoimmune origin]
Diabetes, Gestational
Clinical characteristics and outcome of pregnancy in women with gestational hyperglycaemia with and without antibodies to beta-cell antigens.
Further evidence that mutations in INS can be a rare cause of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY).
GAD65 autoantibodies in women with gestational or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosed during pregnancy.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody-positivity post-partum is associated with impaired ?-cell function in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
HLA-DQB1 genotypes and islet cell autoantibodies against GAD65 and IA-2 in relation to development of diabetes post partum in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
IgG4 subclass glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) are associated with a reduced risk of developing type 1 diabetes as well as increased C-peptide levels in GADA positive gestational diabetes.
Immune responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin in patients with gestational diabetes.
Low frequency of autoantibodies to islet cell, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and second-islet antigen in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a follow-up study.
Prevalence of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in women who have had gestational diabetes.
Prevalence of zinc transporter 8 antibodies in gestational diabetes mellitus.
The prevalence of GAD antibodies in Korean women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their clinical characteristics during and after pregnancy.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Association of amino-terminal-specific antiglutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies with beta-cell functional reserve and a milder clinical phenotype in patients with GAD65 antibodies and ketosis-prone diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to the IA-2 Extracellular Domain Refine the Definition of "A+" Subtypes of Ketosis-Prone Diabetes.
Coexistence of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Autoimmune Diabetes and Pancreatitis.
Combined immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab causing acute-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus following a single administration: two case reports.
Development of autoimmune diabetes with severe diabetic ketoacidosis and immune-related thyroiditis secondary to durvalumab: a case report.
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS: A COMMON DEBUT OF DIABETES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES.
Islet autoantibody types mark differential clinical characteristics at diagnosis of pediatric type 1 diabetes.
Japanese cases of acute onset diabetic ketosis without acidosis in the absence of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody.
One year remission of type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient treated with sitagliptin.
Outcomes after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation and the discriminative ability of the C-peptide measurement pretransplant among type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Progression of autoimmune diabetes: slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or latent autoimmune diabetes of adult.
THE CLINICAL AND METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG-ONSET KETOSIS-PRONE TYPE 2 DIABETES IN CHINA.
Diabetic Nephropathies
Prevalence of GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies in IDDM patients affected by diabetic nephropathy.
Diabetic Neuropathies
Expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase in nervous tissue structures targeted by autoantibodies in patients with diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
High prevalence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in long-standing IDDM is not a marker of symptomatic autonomic neuropathy.
Phospholipid and glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in diabetic neuropathy.
Vector-mediated release of GABA attenuates pain-related behaviors and reduces Na(V)1.7 in DRG neurons.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Development and progression of diabetic retinopathy in patients with Type 1 diabetes who are positive for GAD autoantibody.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody prevalence and association with HLA genotype in patients with younger-onset type 1 diabetes and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Diphtheria
Ascending midbrain dopaminergic axons require descending GAD65 axon fascicles for normal pathfinding.
Disorders of Excessive Somnolence
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD-65) Autoimmunity Associated With Profound Daytime Hypersomnia, Nighttime Insomnia, Mild Autonomic Neuropathy and Axonal Sensori-Motor Polyneuropathy: A Case Report on a New Phenotype.
Down Syndrome
Enzyme activities in relation to pH and lactate in postmortem brain in Alzheimer-type and other dementias.
Prenatal treatment with EGCG enriched green tea extract rescues GAD67 related developmental and cognitive defects in Down syndrome mouse models.
Drug Resistant Epilepsy
Alterations of GABA-mediated synaptic transmission in human epilepsy.
Autoimmune encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: a case series.
Case Report: Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated With Anti-glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies: A Pediatric Case Series.
Clinical Management of Epilepsy With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Positivity: The Interplay Between Immunotherapy and Anti-epileptic Drugs.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in controlled and uncontrolled epilepsy: a pilot study.
MRI findings in glutamic acid decarboxylase associated autoimmune epilepsy.
Refractory status epilepticus and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in adults: presentation, treatment and outcomes.
Dysarthria
Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Rituximab for Cerebellar Ataxia with Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies.
Dysgeusia
Altered taste function in mice deficient in the 65-kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase.
Dyskinesias
Adenosine A2A Receptor Gene Knockout Prevents l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine-Induced Dyskinesia by Downregulation of Striatal GAD67 in 6-OHDA-Lesioned Parkinson's Mice.
Effects of 5-HT1A receptor stimulation on D1 receptor agonist-induced striatonigral activity and dyskinesia in hemiparkinsonian rats.
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the rat is associated with striatal overexpression of prodynorphin- and glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA.
Loss of glutamic acid decarboxylase (Gad67) in striatal neurons expressing the Drdr1a dopamine receptor prevents L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned mice.
Metabotropic glutamate mGluR5 receptor blockade opposes abnormal involuntary movements and the increases in glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA levels induced by l-DOPA in striatal neurons of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats.
Neuroleptic-induced oral dyskinesias: effects of progabide and lack of correlation with regional changes in glutamic acid decarboxylase and choline acetyltransferase activities.
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
Pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia.
Reduction of nigral glutamic acid decarboxylase in rats with neuroleptic-induced oral dyskinesia.
Unilateral nigrostriatal lesions induce a bilateral increase in glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in the reticular thalamic nucleus.
Validation of the l-dopa-induced dyskinesia in the 6-OHDA model and evaluation of the effects of selective dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists.
[Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, glutamic acid decarboxylase and 1-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase in involuntary movement disorders (author's transl)]
Dyslipidemias
Metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk patterns of an Indian tribe living in the Amazon Region of Brazil.
Dystonia
Differential expression of glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in cerebellar Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclei of the genetically dystonic rat.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in micropunches of the deep cerebellar nuclei of the genetically dystonic (dt) rat.
Dystonia Musculorum Deformans
Alterations in cerebellar glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity in a genetic model of torsion dystonia (rat).
Linkage analysis in a family with dominantly inherited torsion dystonia: exclusion of the pro-opiomelanocortin and glutamic acid decarboxylase genes and other chromosomal regions using DNA polymorphisms.
Encephalitis
A Case of Immunotherapy-responsive Non-paraneoplastic Encephalitis with Antibodies Against GAD, LGI1, and GABAA Receptor.
Antibodies to the GABA(B) receptor in limbic encephalitis with seizures: case series and characterisation of the antigen.
Antibodies to voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels in epilepsy.
Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibody-associated epilepsy.
Antiglutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies in Children With Encephalitis and Status Epilepticus.
Autoimmune encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: a case series.
Autoimmune Epilepsy.
Case of Bickerstaff encephalitis with positive glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Case Report: Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated With Anti-glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies: A Pediatric Case Series.
Clinical characteristics of GAD 65-associated autoimmune encephalitis.
Encephalitis associated with glutamic Acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in a child: a treatable condition?
Encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies.
Epileptic encephalitis: the role of the innate and adaptive immune system.
Extralimbic autoimmune encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: an underdiagnosed entity?
GAD65 Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Cause of Rapidly Evolving Frontotemporal Atrophy.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-positive autoimmune encephalitis presenting with gelastic seizure, responsive to steroid: A case report.
How Much GAD65 Do You Have? High Levels of GAD65 Antibodies in Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Immunological GABAergic interactions and therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases.
Immunopathology of autoantibody-associated encephalitides: clues for pathogenesis.
Neurofilament light chain levels reflect outcome in a patient with glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis under immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Neurological Autoantibody Prevalence in Epilepsy of Unknown Etiology.
Non-convulsive status epilepticus associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody.
Opercular myoclonic-anarthric status epilepticus due to glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-associated encephalitis.
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
Paraneoplastic epilepsy.
Perfusion Imaging in Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Refractory status epilepticus and autoimmune encephalitis with GABAAR and GAD65 antibodies: A case report.
Serum anti-ganglioside antibodies in patients with autoimmune limbic encephalitis.
The recognition and treatment of autoimmune epilepsy in children.
Encephalitis, Viral
Ketogenic Diet Therapy for the Treatment of Post-encephalitic and Autoimmune-Associated Epilepsies.
Encephalomyelitis
Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase: prevalence in neurological diseases.
Central nervous system destruction mediated by glutamic acid decarboxylase-specific CD4(+) T cells.
Glycine receptor antibodies are detected in progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) but not in saccadic oscillations.
Stiff-person syndromes: motor cortex hyperexcitability correlates with anti-GAD autoimmunity.
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Enterovirus Infections
Enterovirus infections with beta-cell tropic strains are frequent in siblings of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes children and in association with elevated levels of GAD65 antibodies.
First-degree relatives of persons with type 1 diabetes: insulin resistance and enterovirus infection are associated with different patterns of islet cell autoimmunity.
Relation between T-cell responses to glutamate decarboxylase and coxsackievirus B4 in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Eosinophilia
The role of interleukin-4Ralpha in the induction of glutamic acid decarboxylase in airway epithelium following acute house dust mite exposure.
Epilepsies, Partial
Antiphospholipid and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in patients with focal epilepsy.
Brain FDG-PET findings in glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-associated epilepsy.
Differential and time-dependent changes in gene expression for type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase, and glutamate receptor subunits in tetanus toxin-induced focal epilepsy.
Hippocampus and Insula Are Targets in Epileptic Patients With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies.
Hippocampus of the seizure-sensitive gerbil is a specific site for anatomical changes in the GABAergic system.
Neuronal autoantibodies in focal epilepsy with or without mesial temporal sclerosis.
New-onset focal epilepsy with palatal tremor and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies responding to intravenous immunoglobulin.
Time course of the reduction of GABA terminals in a model of focal epilepsy: a glutamic acid decarboxylase immunocytochemical study.
Epilepsy
Absence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in childhood epilepsies.
Activity-dependent expression of GAD67 in the granule cells of the rat hippocampus.
Altered pharmacology and GABA-A receptor subunit expression in dorsal midline thalamic neurons in limbic epilepsy.
Anti-GAD Antibodies and the Cerebellum: Where Do We Stand?
Anti-GAD65 Containing Cerebrospinal Fluid Does not Alter GABAergic Transmission.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase define a form of limbic encephalitis.
Antibodies to voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels in epilepsy.
Anticardiolipin, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and antinuclear antibodies in epileptic patients.
Antigenic differences between neurological and diabetic patients with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibody-associated epilepsy.
Association between high titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody and epilepsy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.
Atlastin-1 modulates seizure activity and neuronal excitability.
Author Correction: Volumetric and shape analysis of the hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy with GAD65 antibodies compared with non-immune epilepsy.
Auto-destruction of the thyroid gland and coexisting glutamic acid decarboxylase mediated neurological disease in an adolescent: an unusual presentation of autoimmunity.
Autoantibodies to GABA-ergic neurons and pancreatic beta cells in stiff-man syndrome.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in focal and generalized epilepsy: A study on 233 patients.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in a patient with stiff-man syndrome, epilepsy, and type I diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in palatal myoclonus and epilepsy.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with epilepsy and their relationship with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with epilepsy are associated with low cortical GABA levels.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with epilepsy: what is their clinical relevance?
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with therapy-resistant epilepsy.
Autoimmune Epilepsy.
Basal expression and induction of glutamate decarboxylase and GABA in excitatory granule cells of the rat and monkey hippocampal dentate gyrus.
Brain FDG-PET findings in glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-associated epilepsy.
Brain-responsive neurostimulation treatment in patients with GAD65 antibody-associated autoimmune mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Calcium binding protein (calbindin-D28k) and glutamate decarboxylase gene expression after kindling induced seizures.
Cell injury and receptor expression in the epileptic human amygdala.
Cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy with anti-GAD antibodies: treatment with IVIG and plasmapheresis.
Choline acetyltransferase, glutamic acid decarboxylase and somatostatin in the kainic acid model for chronic temporal lobe epilepsy.
Clinical Management of Epilepsy With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Positivity: The Interplay Between Immunotherapy and Anti-epileptic Drugs.
Clinical significance of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in patients with epilepsy.
Concomitant increase of somatostatin, neuropeptide Y and glutamate decarboxylase in the frontal cortex of rats with decreased seizure threshold.
Conjoint glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and P/Q voltage gated calcium channel antibodies in autoimmune epilepsy: A case report.
Efficient therapeutic gene expression in cultured rat hippocampal neurons mediated by human foamy virus vectors: a potential for the treatment of neurological diseases.
Epilepsy and behavioral changes, type 1 diabetes mellitus and a high titer of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Epilepsy and hippocampal neurodegeneration induced by glutamate decarboxylase inhibitors in awake rats.
Epilepsy associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA).
Epilepsy in mice deficient in the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Epilepsy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and relation to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65.
Evaluation of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Levels in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy and Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis.
Fulminant Anti-GAD antibody encephalitis presenting with status epilepticus requiring aggressive immunosuppression.
GABAergic mechanisms in epilepsy.
GAD antibodies in neurological disorders - insights and challenges.
GAD antibody-spectrum disorders: progress in clinical phenotypes, immunopathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.
GAD-65 autoantibody associated epilepsy.
GAD65 antibody-associated autoimmune epilepsy with unique independent bitemporal-onset ictal asystole.
GAD65 autoantibody characteristics in patients with co-occurring type 1 diabetes and epilepsy may help identify underlying epilepsy etiologies.
GAD65-Ab encephalitis and subtle focal status epilepticus.
Gad67 haploinsufficiency reduces amyloid pathology and rescues olfactory memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Garcinol Upregulates GABAA and GAD65 Expression, Modulates BDNF-TrkB Pathway to Reduce Seizures in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-Induced Epilepsy.
Glutamate decarboxylase67 is expressed in hippocampal mossy fibers of temporal lobe epilepsy patients.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies in epilepsy: diagnostic yield and therapeutic implications.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in controlled and uncontrolled epilepsy: a pilot study.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in cerebrospinal fluid in infancy and childhood Part II. Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of children with neurological diseases.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in Parkinson's disease and epilepsy.
HDAC4 gene silencing alleviates epilepsy by inhibition of GABA in a rat model.
Hippocampal GAD67 Transduction Using rAAV8 Regulates Epileptogenesis in EL Mice.
Hippocampal granule cells express glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 after limbic seizures in the rat.
Homozygosity for a missense mutation in the 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in a family with autosomal recessive spastic cerebral palsy: parallels with Stiff-Person Syndrome and other movement disorders.
Hypoglycemic seizures and epilepsy in type I diabetes mellitus.
Immune-mediated epilepsy with GAD65 antibodies.
Immunological GABAergic interactions and therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases.
Involvement of upregulation of miR-210 in a rat epilepsy model.
Lack of antibodies to NMDAR or VGKC-complex in GAD and cardiolipin antibody-positive refractory epilepsy.
Long-term increase of glutamate decarboxylase mRNA in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Long-term outcomes in temporal lobe epilepsy with glutamate decarboxylase antibodies.
Low rate of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD-65) antibodies in chronic epilepsy.
MRI findings in glutamic acid decarboxylase associated autoimmune epilepsy.
Musicogenic epilepsy: Expanding the spectrum of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 neurological autoimmunity.
Musicogenic reflex seizures in epilepsy with glutamic acid decarbocylase antibodies.
Newly-diagnosed pediatric epilepsy is associated with elevated autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase but not cardiolipin.
Novel clinical features of glycine receptor antibody syndrome: A series of 17 cases.
Pinellia Total Alkaloids Modulate the GABAergic System in Hippocampal Formation on Pilocarpine-Induced Epileptic Rats.
Prevalence and immunological spectrum of temporal lobe epilepsy with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Pyramidal cell activity levels affect the polarity of activity-induced gene transcription changes in interneurons.
Rats deficient in the GAD65 isoform exhibit epilepsy and premature lethality.
Seizure control and cognitive improvement via immunotherapy in late onset epilepsy patients with paraneoplastic versus GAD65 autoantibody-associated limbic encephalitis.
Seizure suppression in kindling epilepsy by grafts of fetal GABAergic neurons in rat substantia nigra.
Serum antibodies in epilepsy and seizure-associated disorders.
Serum from a Patient with GAD65 Antibody-Associated Limbic Encephalitis Did Not Alter GABAergic Neurotransmission in Cultured Hippocampal Networks.
Structural network topology in limbic encephalitis is associated with amygdala enlargement, memory performance and serostatus.
Systemic and neurologic autoimmune disorders associated with seizures or epilepsy.
Temporal lobe epilepsy and anti glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity.
The activity of some neurotransmitter-synthetizing enzymes in experimental cobalt epilepsy.
The growing recognition of immunotherapy-responsive seizure disorders with autoantibodies to specific neuronal proteins.
The prevalence of neural antibodies in temporal lobe epilepsy and the clinical characteristics of seropositive patients.
Therapeutic plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with anti-GAD antibody-related epilepsy: Quantification of the antibody response.
Treating a GAD65 Antibody-Associated Limbic Encephalitis with Basiliximab: A Case Study.
Treatment of immune-mediated temporal lobe epilepsy with GAD antibodies.
Type 1 diabetes and epilepsy in childhood and adolescence: Do glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies play a role? Data from the German/Austrian/Swiss/Luxembourgian DPV Registry.
Up-regulation of GAD65 and GAD67 in remaining hippocampal GABA neurons in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Volumetric and shape analysis of the hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy with GAD65 antibodies compared with non-immune epilepsy.
[Rasmussen's syndrome, an autoimmune disease]
[Stiff-person syndrome and other neurological disorders associated with anti-GAD antibodies.]
Epilepsy, Absence
Evaluation of GAD67 immunoreactivity in the region of substantia nigra pars reticulata in resistance to development of convulsive seizure in genetic absence epilepsy rats.
Epilepsy, Generalized
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in focal and generalized epilepsy: A study on 233 patients.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in idiopathic generalized epilepsy and type 1 diabetes.
Epilepsy, Reflex
Musicogenic epilepsy: Expanding the spectrum of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 neurological autoimmunity.
Musicogenic reflex seizure with positive antiglutamic decarboxylase antibody: A case report.
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase define a form of limbic encephalitis.
Author Correction: Volumetric and shape analysis of the hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy with GAD65 antibodies compared with non-immune epilepsy.
Brain-responsive neurostimulation treatment in patients with GAD65 antibody-associated autoimmune mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Choline acetyltransferase, glutamic acid decarboxylase and somatostatin in the kainic acid model for chronic temporal lobe epilepsy.
Evaluation of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Levels in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy and Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis.
Fulminant Anti-GAD antibody encephalitis presenting with status epilepticus requiring aggressive immunosuppression.
Glutamate decarboxylase67 is expressed in hippocampal mossy fibers of temporal lobe epilepsy patients.
Hippocampal granule cells express glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 after limbic seizures in the rat.
Long-term increase of glutamate decarboxylase mRNA in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Long-term outcomes in temporal lobe epilepsy with glutamate decarboxylase antibodies.
Low rate of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD-65) antibodies in chronic epilepsy.
Musicogenic epilepsy: Expanding the spectrum of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 neurological autoimmunity.
Prevalence and immunological spectrum of temporal lobe epilepsy with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Temporal lobe epilepsy and anti glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity.
The prevalence of neural antibodies in temporal lobe epilepsy and the clinical characteristics of seropositive patients.
Treatment of immune-mediated temporal lobe epilepsy with GAD antibodies.
Up-regulation of GAD65 and GAD67 in remaining hippocampal GABA neurons in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Volumetric and shape analysis of the hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy with GAD65 antibodies compared with non-immune epilepsy.
Epileptic Syndromes
Reduced GABA synthesis in pyridoxine-dependent seizures.
Equine Infectious Anemia
Recent progress in gene therapy for Parkinson's disease.
Esophageal Achalasia
Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction: Characterization of a new entity? Clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological description.
Neural Autoantibody Profile of Primary Achalasia.
Fasciculation
Ascending midbrain dopaminergic axons require descending GAD65 axon fascicles for normal pathfinding.
Fibromyalgia
Possible role for glutamic acid decarboxylase in fibromyalgia symptoms: A conceptual model for chronic pain.
Ganglioglioma
Neurochemical profile of glioneuronal lesions from patients with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsies.
Gangliosidosis, GM1
Neurotransmitter chemistry in feline GM1 gangliosidosis: a model for human ganglioside storage disease.
Gastritis
Genome-wide association analysis of autoantibody positivity in type 1 diabetes cases.
Glioma
Autoimmune Encephalopathies and Dementias.
Autoimmune epilepsy in children: case series and proposed guidelines for identification.
Characterization of the rat GAD67 gene promoter reveals elements important for basal transcription and glucose responsiveness.
Diagnostic challenges in patients with temporal lobe seizures and features of autoimmune limbic encephalitis.
Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome without Detectable Autoantibodies and Response to Immunotherapy: A Case Series and Discussion of Epileptogenesis in FIRES.
Investigation of neuronal auto-antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with epilepsy.
L-glutamic acid decarboxylase: a new type in glial cells and human brain gliomas.
Neural Autoantibodies in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis, First-Episode Psychosis, and Healthy Volunteers.
Neuronal antibodies in pediatric epilepsy: Clinical features and long-term outcomes of a historical cohort not treated with immunotherapy.
Paraneoplastic epilepsy.
Prevalence of Neural Autoantibodies in Epilepsy of Unknown Etiology: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Seizures associated with antibodies against cell surface antigens are acute symptomatic and not indicative of epilepsy: insights from long-term data.
Glucose Intolerance
Acanthosis Nigricans Identifies Youth at High Risk for Metabolic Abnormalities.
Clinical characteristics and outcome of pregnancy in women with gestational hyperglycaemia with and without antibodies to beta-cell antigens.
Frequency of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in Asian patients diagnosed as type 2 diabetes in Birmingham, United Kingdom.
GAD65 antibodies among Greenland Inuit and its relation to glucose intolerance.
Glucose intolerance and diabetes following antigen-specific insulitis in diabetes-susceptible "humanized" transgenic mice.
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) and tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA-2) autoantibodies index in a regional population is related to glucose intolerance and body mass index.
Islet Autoimmunity in Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Recently Diagnosed, Treatment Naïve Type 2 Diabetes in the Restoring Insulin SEcretion (RISE) Study.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in an adult.
Low prevalence of islet autoantibodies in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Prevalence of diabetes-specific autoantibodies in patients at risk for adult onset diabetes mellitus.
glutamate decarboxylase deficiency
Bi-allelic GAD1 variants cause a neonatal onset syndromic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.
Cortical glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 deficiency results in lower cannabinoid 1 receptor messenger RNA expression: implications for schizophrenia.
Development of autoimmune diabetes in glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) knockout NOD mice.
GAD67 Deficiency in Parvalbumin Interneurons Produces Deficits in Inhibitory Transmission and Network Disinhibition in Mouse Prefrontal Cortex.
Glutamate Decarboxylase 67 Deficiency in a Subset of GABAergic Neurons Induces Schizophrenia-Related Phenotypes.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 - a link between GABAergic synaptic plasticity in the lateral amygdala and conditioned fear generalization.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 kDa proteins are reduced in autistic parietal and cerebellar cortices.
Rats deficient in the GAD65 isoform exhibit epilepsy and premature lethality.
The pediatric neurotransmitter disorders.
Goiter, Nodular
Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes.
Graves Disease
A new solid-phase radioimmunoassay to detect anti-GAD65 autoantibodies.
Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes.
Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase and 21-hydroxylase in Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes or autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease: relation to competitive insulin autoantibodies.
Autoimmune thyroid disease correlates to islet autoimmunity on zinc transporter 8 autoantibody.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease with anti-islet autoimmunity.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody assay using 125I-labelled recombinant GAD65 produced in yeast.
Human B cells secreting immunoglobulin G to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 from a nondiabetic patient with multiple autoantibodies and Graves' disease: a comparison with those present in type 1 diabetes.
IL-18 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to the development of anti-GAD65 antibody in Graves' disease.
Immunoregulation in autoimmune thyroid disease.
Islet cell and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in hyperthyroid patients: at diagnosis and following treatment.
Prevalence of diabetes and presence of autoantibodies against zinc transporter 8 and glutamic decarboxylase at diagnosis and at follow up of Graves' disease.
[Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with Graves disease]
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Hashimoto Disease
Heritability of levels of autoantibodies using the method of plotting regression of offspring on midparent (ROMP).
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced
Tinnitus Correlates with Downregulation of Cortical Glutamate Decarboxylase 65 Expression But Not Auditory Cortical Map Reorganization.
Hearing Loss, Unilateral
Stimulation by cochlear implant in unilaterally deaf rats reverses the decrease of inhibitory transmission in the inferior colliculus.
Heart Arrest
GAD65 antibody-associated autoimmune epilepsy with unique independent bitemporal-onset ictal asystole.
Heart Failure
c-Jun N-terminal Kinase mediates prostaglandin-induced sympathoexcitation in rats with chronic heart failure by reducing GAD1 and GABRA1 expression.
Effect of the changes of NMDA receptor in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus on cardiac function and sympathetic nervous activity in rats with heart failure.
NF-?B in the paraventricular nucleus modulates neurotransmitters and contributes to sympathoexcitation in heart failure.
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Activities of neuronal and astrocytic marker enzymes in autopsied brain tissue from patients with hepatic encephalopathy.
Alterations of GABA-A and dopamine D-2 brain receptors in dogs with portal-systemic encephalopathy.
Expression of Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) mRNA in the Brain of Bile Duct Ligated Rats Serving as a Model of Hepatic Encephalopathy.
Hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic and portacaval shunted dogs: lack of changes in brain GABA uptake, brain GABA levels, brain glutamic acid decarboxylase activity and brain postsynaptic GABA receptors.
Metabolism and brain uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid in galactosamine-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats.
Hepatitis
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase induced by interferon-alpha therapy for chronic viral hepatitis.
Monogenic Diabetes Secondary to Congenital Lipodystrophy in a 14-year-old Yemeni Girl.
Hepatitis B
IGRP and insulin vaccination induce CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes in the RIP-CD80GP mouse.
Hernia, Umbilical
Bi-allelic GAD1 variants cause a neonatal onset syndromic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.
GAD65/GAD67 double knockout mice exhibit intermediate severity in both cleft palate and omphalocele compared with GAD67 knockout and VGAT knockout mice.
Herpes Simplex
Alteration in tyrosine hydroxylase, glutamic acid decarboxylase and choline acetyltransferase in basal ganglia following herpes simplex virus inoculation in rat neostriatum.
Audiogenic seizure activity following HSV-1 GAD65 sense or antisense injection into inferior colliculus of Long-Evans rat.
Enhancement of neuronal protection from oxidative stress by glutamic acid decarboxylase delivery with a defective herpes simplex virus vector.
GABA synthesis in astrocytes after infection with defective herpes simplex virus vectors expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 or 67.
Gene Transfer of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 67 by Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors Suppresses Neuropathic Pain Induced by Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp120 Combined with ddC in Rats.
Gene transfer of glutamic acid decarboxylase reduces neuropathic pain.
Glutamatergic or GABAergic neuron-specific, long-term expression in neocortical neurons from helper virus-free HSV-1 vectors containing the phosphate-activated glutaminase, vesicular glutamate transporter-1, or glutamic acid decarboxylase promoter.
Herpes simplex virus vector-mediated gene delivery of glutamic acid decarboxylase reduces detrusor overactivity in spinal cord-injured rats.
HSV vector-mediated GAD67 suppresses neuropathic pain induced by perineural HIV gp120 in rats through inhibition of ROS and Wnt5a.
Novel synthesis and release of GABA in cerebellar granule cell cultures after infection with defective herpes simplex virus vectors expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Peripherally delivered glutamic acid decarboxylase gene therapy for spinal cord injury pain.
Release of GABA from sensory neurons transduced with a GAD67-expressing vector occurs by non-vesicular mechanisms.
Suppression of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia by herpes simplex virus vector mediated gene delivery of glutamic acid decarboxylase in spinal cord injured rats.
Vector-mediated gene transfer to express inhibitory neurotransmitters in dorsal root ganglion reduces pain in a rodent model of lumbar radiculopathy.
Vector-mediated release of GABA attenuates pain-related behaviors and reduces Na(V)1.7 in DRG neurons.
Herpes Zoster
A major direct GABAergic pathway from zona incerta to neocortex.
Biochemical changes accompanying unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions in the rat substantia nigra.
Development of direct GABAergic projections from the zona incerta to the somatosensory cortex of the rat.
Effect of gonadal steroids and gamma-aminobutyric acid on LH release and dopamine expression and activity in the zona incerta in rats.
Immunohistochemical studies on distribution of GABAA receptor complex in the rat brain using antibody against purified GABAA receptor complex.
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and gamma-aminobutyric acid neurons in the medial preoptic area are synaptic targets of dopamine axons originating in anterior periventricular areas.
Ovarian steroid regulation of glutamic Acid decarboxylase gene expression in individual hypothalamic nuclei.
Pathway from the zona incerta to the superior colliculus in the rat.
Reduced activity of GAD67 expressing cells in the reticular thalamus enhance thalamic excitatory activity and varicella zoster virus associated pain.
Huntington Disease
Abnormalities of neurotransmitter enzymes in Huntington's chorea.
Analysis of glutamate decarboxylase in post-mortem brain tissue in Huntington's chorea.
Choline acetylase and glutamic acid decarboxylase in Huntington's chorea. A preliminary study.
Differential effects of agonal status on measurements of GABA and glutamate decarboxylase in human post-mortem brain tissue from control and Huntington's chorea subjects.
Enzyme activities in relation to pH and lactate in postmortem brain in Alzheimer-type and other dementias.
GABA content and glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in brain of Huntington's chorea patients and control subjects.
gamma-Glutamyltransferase activity is unchanged in acutely quinolinate-lesioned rat neostriatum but is elevated in Huntington's disease caudate.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase and gamma-aminobutyric acid in Huntington's disease fibroblasts and other cultured cells, determined by a [3H]muscimol radioreceptor assay.
Huntington's chorea. Post-mortem measurement of glutamic acid decarboxylase, choline acetyltransferase and dopamine in basal ganglia.
Inhibition of brain glutamate decarboxylase by glutarate, glutaconate, and beta-hydroxyglutarate: explanation of the symptoms in glutaric aciduria?
Intrastriatal infusion of nerve growth factor after quinolinic acid prevents reduction of cellular expression of choline acetyltransferase messenger RNA and trkA messenger RNA, but not glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA.
Long term treatment of Huntington disease with L-glutamate and pyridoxine.
Neurochemical alterations in Huntington's chorea: a study of post-mortem brain tissue.
Normal glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in kidney tissue from patients with Huntington's Disease.
Palmitoylation and trafficking of GAD65 are impaired in a cellular model of Huntington's disease.
Pharmacodynamic effects and possible therapeutic uses of THIP, a specific GABA-agonist.
Phosphate-activated glutaminase in relation to Huntington's disease and agonal state.
Proactive transplantation of human neural stem cells prevents degeneration of striatal neurons in a rat model of Huntington disease.
Hydrocephalus
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in cerebrospinal fluid in infancy and childhood Part II. Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of children with neurological diseases.
Progressive loss of glutamic acid decarboxylase, parvalbumin, and calbindin D28K immunoreactive neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of adult rat with experimental hydrocephalus.
Hyperalgesia
Comparative effectiveness of antinociceptive gene therapies in animal models of diabetic neuropathic pain.
Effects of electroacupuncture on pain sensation in a rat model of hyperalgesia with nicotine dependence.
Exercise training modulates glutamic acid decarboxylase-65/67 expression through TrkB signaling to ameliorate neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury.
Gene therapy for neuropathic pain using dorsal root ganglion-targeted helper-dependent adenoviral vectors with GAD67 expression.
Gene transfer of glutamic acid decarboxylase reduces neuropathic pain.
HSV vector-mediated GAD67 suppresses neuropathic pain induced by perineural HIV gp120 in rats through inhibition of ROS and Wnt5a.
Nigrostriatal dopamine depletion promoted an increase in inhibitory markers (parvalbumin, GAD67, VGAT) and cold allodynia.
Normalizing HDAC2 Levels in the Spinal Cord Alleviates Thermal and Mechanical Hyperalgesia After Peripheral Nerve Injury and Promotes GAD65 and KCC2 Expression.
Possible Loss of GABAergic Inhibition in Mice With Induced Adenomyosis and Treatment With Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Attenuates the Loss With Improved Hyperalgesia.
Possible role for glutamic acid decarboxylase in fibromyalgia symptoms: A conceptual model for chronic pain.
Swimming Training Attenuates Allodynia and Hyperalgesia Induced by Peripheral Nerve Injury in an Adult Male Rat Neuropathic Model: Effects on Irisin and GAD65.
Thermal hyperalgesia via supraspinal mechanisms in mice lacking glutamate decarboxylase 65.
Hypercalcemia
[The effect of vibration on brain GABA metabolism in rats with hypo- and hypercalcemia]
Hyperglycemia
A patient with combined polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and P2-C peptides in sera from coxsackie virus B4-infected mice and IDDM patients.
Autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Co-infusion of autologous adipose tissue derived insulin-secreting mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow derived hematopoietic stem cells: viable therapy for type III.C. a diabetes mellitus.
Coexistence of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Autoimmune Diabetes and Pancreatitis.
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH ALPELISIB TREATMENT OF METASTATIC BREAST CANCER.
GAD65 autoimmunity-clinical studies.
GAD65-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Mediate Beta-Cell Death and Loss of Function.
IL-13R?1 expression on ?-cell-specific T cells in NOD mice.
Lessons From Pancreas Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetes: Recurrence of Islet Autoimmunity.
Response of glutamic acid decarboxylase to glucose but not arginine in islets.
The Effect of Immunosuppressive Adjuvant Kynurenine on Type 1 Diabetes Vaccine.
The first series of cases of ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (flatbush diabetes) in Brazilian adults.
Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic
The pediatric neurotransmitter disorders.
Hyperhomocysteinemia
Maternal vitamin B6 deficient or supplemented diets on expression of genes related to GABAergic, serotonergic or glutamatergic pathways in hippocampus of rat dams and their offspring.
Hyperinsulinism
Type 1 diabetes-related antibodies in the fetal circulation: prevalence and influence on cord insulin and birth weight in offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes.
Hyperkinesis
Alleviation of motor hyperactivity and neurochemical deficits by endocannabinoid uptake inhibition in a rat model of Huntington's disease.
Hyperlipidemias
Diabetes in Danish Bank Voles (M. glareolus): Survivorship, Influence on Weight, and Evaluation of Polydipsia as a Screening Tool for Hyperglycaemia.
Hyperprolactinemia
Comparative effects of estrogens and prolactin on nigral and striatal GAD activity.
GABAergic biochemical parameters of the tuberoinfundibular neurons following chronic hyperprolactinemia.
Influence of hyperprolactinemia induced by adenopituitary transplantation under the kidney capsule on the glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in various brain regions.
Hypersensitivity
High expression of hippocampal glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 mediates hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to prenatal caffeine exposure in rats.
Programming for increased expression of hippocampal GAD67 mediated the hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in male offspring rats with prenatal ethanol exposure.
Hypertension
Angiotensin-II is a putative neurotransmitter in lactate-induced panic-like responses in rats with disruption of GABAergic inhibition in the dorsomedial hypothalamus.
Chronic exercise increases GAD gene expression in the caudal hypothalamus of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Comparative Peptidomic and Metatranscriptomic Analyses Reveal Improved Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Production Machinery in Levilactobacillus brevis Strain NPS-QW 145 Cocultured with Streptococcus thermophilus Strain ASCC1275 during Milk Fermentation.
Exercise training increases GAD65 expression, restores the depressed GABAA receptor function within the PVN and reduces sympathetic modulation in hypertension.
Metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk patterns of an Indian tribe living in the Amazon Region of Brazil.
Renal sympathetic denervation lowers arterial pressure in canines with obesity-induced hypertension by regulating GAD65 and AT
Hyperthyroidism
Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes.
Islet cell and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in hyperthyroid patients: at diagnosis and following treatment.
Stiff-man syndrome. Report of a case.
Hypertriglyceridemia
A Triad of Ketoacidosis, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Acute Pancreatitis Associated With Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drinks Abuse in a Caucasian Patient With Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Hypoglycemia
Effects of high-dose oral insulin on immune responses in children at high risk for type 1 diabetes: the Pre-POINT randomized clinical trial.
Influence of serum glucose on glutamate decarboxylase activity in the ventromedial nucleus of rats.
Relationship of family history of type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemia, and autoantibodies to weight gain and lipids with intensive and conventional therapy in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial.
Hypoparathyroidism
PTH hypersecretion triggered by a GABAB1 and Ca2+-sensing receptor heterocomplex in hyperparathyroidism.
Hypotension, Orthostatic
[Topographic and chemical study of the GABA synthetizing enzyme in Parkinsonian syndromes]
Hypothyroidism
A patient with combined polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2.
Ileus
Pathological evidence of encephalomyelitis in the stiff man syndrome with anti-GAD antibodies.
Immune System Diseases
CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. The Belgian Diabetes Registry.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Elevated immunoreactivity for glutamic acid decarboxylase in the rat cerebral cortex following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.
Estradiol alters only GAD67 mRNA levels in ischemic rat brain with no consequent effects on GABA.
Infections
A conditional tetracycline-regulated increase in Gamma amino butyric acid production near luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone nerve terminals disrupts estrous cyclicity in the rat.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and P2-C peptides in sera from coxsackie virus B4-infected mice and IDDM patients.
Audiogenic seizure activity following HSV-1 GAD65 sense or antisense injection into inferior colliculus of Long-Evans rat.
Coxsackievirus B4 alters pancreatic glutamate decarboxylase expression in mice soon after infection.
Early childhood CMV infection may decelerate the progression to clinical type 1 diabetes.
Effect of Plasmodium yoelii infection on GABA metabolism of mouse brain.
Effect of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection on brain choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activities.
Enhancement of neuronal protection from oxidative stress by glutamic acid decarboxylase delivery with a defective herpes simplex virus vector.
Enterovirus infections with beta-cell tropic strains are frequent in siblings of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes children and in association with elevated levels of GAD65 antibodies.
GABA synthesis in astrocytes after infection with defective herpes simplex virus vectors expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 or 67.
Glutamate decarboxylase-dependent acid resistance in Brucella spp.: distribution and contribution to fitness under extremely acidic conditions.
Hepatitis C virus infection-related Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Improved in planta expression of the human islet autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65).
Investigation of enterovirus infections, autoimmune factors and HLA genotypes in patients with T1DM.
Novel synthesis and release of GABA in cerebellar granule cell cultures after infection with defective herpes simplex virus vectors expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Prenatal exposure to bacterial endotoxin reduces the number of GAD67- and reelin-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampus of rat offspring.
Several different enterovirus serotypes can be associated with prediabetic autoimmune episodes and onset of overt IDDM. Childhood Diabetes in Finland (DiMe) Study Group.
The fate of glutamate in different brain regions of the chick during Newcastle disease virus infection.
The glutamic acid decarboxylase system of the new species Brucella microti contributes to its acid resistance and to oral infection of mice.
The PEVKEK region of the pyridoxal phosphate binding domain of GAD65 expresses a dominant B cell epitope for type 1 diabetes sera.
Toxoplasma gondii Infections Alter GABAergic Synapses and Signaling in the Central Nervous System.
Toxoplasma infection induces microglia-neuron contact and the loss of perisomatic inhibitory synapses.
[Risk factors for type 1 diabetes among Uyghur children in Xinjiang, China].
Influenza, Human
A Novel Approach of Identifying Immunodominant Self and Viral Antigen Cross-Reactive T Cells and Defining the Epitopes They Recognize.
Insulin Resistance
Acanthosis Nigricans Identifies Youth at High Risk for Metabolic Abnormalities.
Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase and indices of insulin resistance and insulin secretion in nondiabetic adults: a cross-sectional study.
Application of new international classification of adult-onset diabetes in Chinese inpatients with diabetes mellitus.
Association between insulin resistance and GAD65-autoantibody levels--a pilot study in an adult non-diabetic population.
Comparison of Adults with Insulin Resistance (IR) in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes Versus IR in Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody-negative Diabetes.
First-degree relatives of persons with type 1 diabetes: insulin resistance and enterovirus infection are associated with different patterns of islet cell autoimmunity.
GAD65 autoantibodies, beta-cell function, and insulin resistance in Japanese-Brazilian adults. Centro de Estudos da Comunidade Nipo Brasileira de Bauru.
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) and tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA-2) autoantibodies index in a regional population is related to glucose intolerance and body mass index.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody-positivity post-partum is associated with impaired ?-cell function in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Identification of two novel subgroups in patients with diabetes mellitus and their association with clinical outcomes: A two-step cluster analysis.
Metabolic Characteristics of Recently Diagnosed Adult-Onset Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus.
Metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk patterns of an Indian tribe living in the Amazon Region of Brazil.
Novel Reclassification of Adult Diabetes Is Useful to Distinguish Stages of ?-Cell Function Linked to the Risk of Vascular Complications: The DOLCE Study From Northern Ukraine.
Past, present and future of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Prevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity and its association with insulin secretion and sensitivity in autoimmune thyroid disease: A pilot study.
Single Islet Autoantibody at Diagnosis of Clinical Type 1 Diabetes is Associated with Older Age and Insulin Resistance.
Validation of the Swedish Diabetes Re-Grouping Scheme in Adult-Onset Diabetes in China.
[Relation between insulin resistance and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titers in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
Insulinoma
A case of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus accompanied by myocarditis.
Analysis of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 in canine diabetes mellitus.
Beta-cell autoantibodies and their function in Taiwanese children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Compartmentalization of GABA Synthesis by GAD67 Differs between Pancreatic Beta Cells and Neurons.
Confirmation and Identification of Biomarkers Implicating Environmental Triggers in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes.
Development of autoantibodies to islet antigens during childhood: implications for preclinical type 1 diabetes screening.
Early childhood CMV infection may decelerate the progression to clinical type 1 diabetes.
Etiology of early-onset type 2 diabetes in Indians: islet autoimmunity and mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha and mitochondrial gene.
Evaluating the Prognostic Value of Islet Autoantibody Monitoring in Islet Transplant Recipients with Long-Standing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Evidence for molecular mimicry between human T cell epitopes in rotavirus and pancreatic islet autoantigens.
Frequencies of CD8 and DN MAIT Cells Among Children Diagnosed With Type 1 Diabetes Are Similar to Age-Matched Controls.
High concentration of GABA and high glutamate decarboxylase activity in rat pancreatic islets and human insulinoma.
High prevalence of humoral autoimmunity in first-degree relatives of Mexican type 1 diabetes patients.
HLA-DQB1 genotypes and islet cell autoantibodies against GAD65 and IA-2 in relation to development of diabetes post partum in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
HLA-DR-restricted T cell lines from newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients specific for insulinoma and normal islet beta cell proteins: lack of reactivity to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and Islet Autoantibodies Are Tools to Characterize Type 1 Diabetes in Arab Countries: Emphasis on Kuwait.
IGRP and insulin vaccination induce CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes in the RIP-CD80GP mouse.
Immunotherapeutic approaches to prevent, ameliorate, and cure type 1 diabetes.
Impaired vibrotactile sense showed no association with insulinoma associated protein 2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in paediatric type 1 diabetes.
Investigation of CTLA-4-318C/T gene polymorphism in cases with type 1 diabetes of Azerbaijan, Northwest Iran.
Islet autoantibody positivity in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes.
Islet cell autoantibodies in African patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in Dar es Salaam Tanzania: a cross sectional study.
Low prevalence of GAD and IA2 antibodies in schoolchildren from a village in the southwestern section of the Netherlands.
Maternal type 1 diabetes reduces the risk of islet autoantibodies: relationships with birthweight and maternal HbA(1c).
Neuropeptide Y is a minor autoantigen in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients.
No Contribution of GAD-65 and IA-2 Autoantibodies around Time of Diagnosis to the Increasing Incidence of Juvenile Type 1 Diabetes: A 9-Year Nationwide Danish Study.
Normal but increasing hemoglobin A1c levels predict progression from islet autoimmunity to overt type 1 diabetes: Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY).
Organ-specific autoantibodies in Chinese patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Organ-specific autoimmunity in relation to clinical characteristics in children with long-lasting type 1 diabetes.
Pancreatic beta-cell function and immune responses to insulin after administration of intranasal insulin to humans at risk for type 1 diabetes.
Pancreatic Islet Autoantibodies as Predictors of Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1).
Prediction and prevention of Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Prevalence of ZnT8 antibody in relation to phenotype and SLC30A8 polymorphism in adult autoimmune diabetes: results from the HUNT study, Norway.
Role of immune system in type 1 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis.
Screening for insulinoma antigen 2 and zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies: a cost-effective and age-independent strategy to identify rapid progressors to clinical onset among relatives of type 1 diabetic patients.
Streptozotocin induced diabetes in minipig: a case report of a possible model for type 1 diabetes?
Tetraspanin 7 autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes-related autoantibodies in different forms of diabetes.
Weight gain in early life predicts risk of islet autoimmunity in children with a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes.
Intellectual Disability
Presence of GAD65 autoantibodies in the serum of children with autism or ADHD.
Iron Deficiencies
Effect of iron deficiency on developing rat brain.
Effects of iron deficiency on iron distribution and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism in young rat brain tissues.
Isaacs Syndrome
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
Sequential antibodies to potassium channels and glutamic acid decarboxylase in neuromyotonia.
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Ischemic Attack, Transient
Glutamate decarboxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the aging rat hippocampus are more resistant to ischemia than CA1 pyramidal cells.
Immunocytochemical investigation of L-glutamic acid decarboxylase in the rat hippocampal formation: the influence of transient cerebral ischemia.
Temporal profile of neurochemical recovery following injury by transient cerebral ischemia.
Transient increases of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 immunoreactivity and its protein levels in the somatosensory cortex after transient cerebral ischemia in gerbils.
Kernicterus
Kernicterus: effect on choline acetyltransferase, glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase activities in the brain of the Gunn rat.
Kernicterus: enzymatic evidence for difference between the development of cholinergic and GABAergic innervations in the brain of the Gunn rat.
Ketosis
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.
Bilateral dystonia in type 1 diabetes: a case report.
Bone mineral density at time of clinical diagnosis of adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Clinical parameters (body mass index and age) are the best predictors for the need of insulin therapy during the first 18 months of diabetes mellitus in young adult patients.
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH ALPELISIB TREATMENT OF METASTATIC BREAST CANCER.
Epidemiology, clinical aspects, and biology of IDDM patients under age 40 years. Comparison of data from Antwerp with complete ascertainment with data from Belgium with 40% ascertainment. The Belgian Diabetes Registry.
Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus induced by pembrolizumab in a patient with urothelial carcinoma: A case report.
Inhibition of brain glutamic acid decarboxylase by phenylalanine, valine, and leucine derivatives: a suggestion concerning the etiology of the neurological defect in phenylketonuria and branched-chain ketonuria.
Ketosis with enhanced GABAergic tone promotes physiological changes in transcendental meditation.
Non-tropical fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes: case reports and review of recent literature.
Rapid Normalization of High Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Titers and Preserved Endogenous Insulin Secretion in a Patient with Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report and Literature Review.
The first series of cases of ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (flatbush diabetes) in Brazilian adults.
Three cases of GAD65 antibody-positive diabetes with ketosis and abrupt onset resulting in non-insulin-dependent state.
[Expression of autoantibodies to ICA512 and GAD in the sera of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis or ketonemia]
[Subclassification of seronegative type 1 diabetic subjects with HLA-DQ genotypes]
Kidney Diseases
Harmonization of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and Islet Antigen-2 Autoantibody Assays for National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Consortia.
Kleine-Levin Syndrome
GAD65 autoantibodies in Kleine-Levin syndrome.
Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
Humoral immunity against glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic syndrome in a child with an autoimmune phenotype.
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
A decrease in glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody levels with sitagliptin use in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Changes in GAD65Ab-Specific Antiidiotypic Antibody Levels Correlate with Changes in C-Peptide Levels and Progression to Islet Cell Autoimmunity.
Chronic complications and mortality in community-based patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: the Fremantle Diabetes Study.
Clinical utility of measuring both glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and islet cell antibodies in the diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults - is it cost-effective?
Cross-reactive peptide epitopes of Enterovirus Coxsackie B4 and human glutamic acid decarboxylase detecting antibodies in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults versus type 1 diabetes.
CTLA-4 gene polymorphism contributes to the genetic risk for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Diagnostic role of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults.
Effect of extract from Boswellia serrata gum resin on decrease of GAD65 autoantibodies in a patient with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.
Epitope analysis of GAD65 autoantibodies in adult-onset type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults with thyroid autoimmunity.
GAD65 autoantibodies and its role as biomarker of Type 1 diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA).
GAD65 autoantibody epitopes in adult patients with latent autoimmune diabetes following GAD65 vaccination.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibody levels discriminate two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Detection by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identifies Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults with Poor Islet Function.
High GADA titer increases the risk of insulin requirement in LADA patients: a 7-year follow-up (NIRAD study 7).
High-titer GAD65 autoantibodies detected in adult diabetes patients using a high efficiency expression vector and cold GAD65 displacement.
IA-2 antibody prevalence and risk assessment of early insulin requirement in subjects presenting with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 71).
IgG4-subclass of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody is more frequent in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults than in type 1 diabetes.
Ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes--is it type 1 and 1/2 diabetes?
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults in North Indian Region: Assessment of ?-Cell Function, Metabolic and Immunological Features.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in an adult.
Low C-peptide together with a high glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody level predicts progression to insulin dependence in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: The HUNT study.
Metabolic syndrome and autoimmune diabetes: action LADA 3.
Metabolite Profiling of LADA Challenges the View of a Metabolically Distinct Subtype.
Newly diagnosed latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is associated with low level glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) and IA-2 autoantibodies. Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS).
Number of autoantibodies and HLA genotype, more than high titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies, predict insulin dependence in latent autoimmune diabetes of adults.
Persistence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) is associated with clinical characteristics of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: a prospective study with 3-year follow-up.
Small Cell Lung Cancer Expressing Glutamate Decarboxylase with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.
The glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 immunoglobulin G subclass profile differs between adult-onset type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) up to 3 years after clinical onset.
Titre and combination of ICA and autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase discriminate two clinically distinct types of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).
Variation of C peptide decay rate in diabetic patients with positive glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody: better discrimination with initial fasting C peptide.
[Association of autoantibody and cytokines with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
[Identification of the two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults by glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody titers]
[Islet beta cell function in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults with islet cell antibodies]
[Metabolic syndrome and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
[Relation between insulin resistance and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titers in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
[Value of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody detection for early diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
Leprosy
Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity of Mycobacterium leprae and occurrence of gamma-amino butyric acid in skin lesions of leprosy.
Leukemia
Glutamate-modulated production of GABA in immortalized astrocytes transduced by a glutamic acid decarboxylase-expressing retrovirus.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in cerebrospinal fluid in infancy and childhood Part II. Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of children with neurological diseases.
No Evidence of Antibodies against GAD65 and Other Specific Antigens in Children with Autism.
Leukocytosis
Acute psychosis in a pregnant patient with Graves' hyperthyroidism and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis.
Limbic Encephalitis
A Survival Case of Super-refractory Status Epilepticus due to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies-associated Limbic Encephalitis.
A unique combination of autoimmune limbic encephalitis, type 1 diabetes, and Stiff person syndrome associated with GAD-65 antibody.
Acute limbic encephalitis and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: A reality?
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase define a form of limbic encephalitis.
Antibodies to voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels in epilepsy.
Are onconeural antibodies a clinical phenomenology in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis?
Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis Associated With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis With GAD Antibodies.
Blood and cerebrospinal fluid immune cell profiles in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy of different etiologies.
Cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy with anti-GAD antibodies: treatment with IVIG and plasmapheresis.
Correlation between neuronal antibodies and limbic encephalitis in Chinese Han subjects.
Correlations of Clusters of Non-Convulsive Seizure and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Case With GAD65-Positive Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis.
Disease-specific monoclonal antibodies targeting glutamate decarboxylase impair GABAergic neurotransmission and affect motor learning and behavioral functions.
Distinct white matter integrity in glutamic acid decarboxylase and voltage-gated potassium channel-complex antibody-associated limbic encephalitis.
Familial autoimmunity in neurological patients with GAD65 antibodies: an interview-based study.
Fulminant Anti-GAD antibody encephalitis presenting with status epilepticus requiring aggressive immunosuppression.
GABA(B) receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis and anti-GAD-associated neurologic disorders.
GAD antibody-spectrum disorders: progress in clinical phenotypes, immunopathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.
GAD65 antibody-associated autoimmune epilepsy with unique independent bitemporal-onset ictal asystole.
GAD65 Positive Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis: A Case Report and Review of Literature.
Hippocampus and Insula Are Targets in Epileptic Patients With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies.
Idiopathic limbic encephalitis associated with antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Immunotherapy-responsive limbic encephalitis with antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Interactions of Human Autoantibodies with Hippocampal GABAergic Synaptic Transmission - Analyzing Antibody-Induced Effects ex vivo.
Lack of antibodies to NMDAR or VGKC-complex in GAD and cardiolipin antibody-positive refractory epilepsy.
Latent autoimmune diabetes and limbic encephalitis with antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Limbic encephalitis and type 1 diabetes with glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) autoimmunity: improvement with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.
Limbic Encephalitis Associated With GAD65 Antibodies: Brief Review of the Relevant literature.
Limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in a young adolescent.
Limbic encephalitis with antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase presenting with brainstem symptoms.
Loss of Autonoetic Awareness of Recent Autobiographical Episodes and Accelerated Long-Term Forgetting in a Patient with Previously Unrecognized Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Related Limbic Encephalitis.
Neuropsychological course of voltage-gated potassium channel and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody related limbic encephalitis.
Paraneoplastic stiff-person syndrome: passive transfer to rats by means of IgG antibodies to amphiphysin.
Predictive value of high titer of GAD65 antibodies in a case of limbic encephalitis.
Psychiatric symptoms in anti glutamic acid decarboxylase associated limbic encephalitis in adults: a systematic review.
Seizure control and cognitive improvement via immunotherapy in late onset epilepsy patients with paraneoplastic versus GAD65 autoantibody-associated limbic encephalitis.
Serum from a Patient with GAD65 Antibody-Associated Limbic Encephalitis Did Not Alter GABAergic Neurotransmission in Cultured Hippocampal Networks.
Super refractory status epilepticus secondary to anti-GAD antibody encephalitis successfully treated with aggressive immunotherapy.
The growing recognition of immunotherapy-responsive seizure disorders with autoantibodies to specific neuronal proteins.
Therapeutic plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with anti-GAD antibody-related epilepsy: Quantification of the antibody response.
Treating a GAD65 Antibody-Associated Limbic Encephalitis with Basiliximab: A Case Study.
Type 1 diabetes and GAD65 limbic encephalitis: a case report of a 10-year-old girl.
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Liver Failure, Acute
Abnormal chloride homeostasis in the substancia nigra pars reticulata contributes to locomotor deficiency in a model of acute liver injury.
Amino acid neurotransmitters and their receptors in the brain synaptosomes of acute hepatic failure rats.
Lordosis
Anti-sense oligonucleotides, for progestin receptors in the VMH and glutamic acid decarboxylase in the VTA, attenuate progesterone-induced lordosis in hamsters and rats.
Effects of estrogen on dopamine turnover, glutamic acid decarboxylase activity and lordosis behavior in septal lesioned female rats.
GABA(A), D1, and D5, but not progestin receptor, antagonist and anti-sense oligonucleotide infusions to the ventral tegmental area of cycling rats and hamsters attenuate lordosis.
Intracerebral administration of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to GAD65 and GAD67 mRNAs modulate reproductive behavior in the female rat.
Lung Neoplasms
GABA(B) receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis and anti-GAD-associated neurologic disorders.
Small Cell Lung Cancer Expressing Glutamate Decarboxylase with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.
Lymphatic Metastasis
Gamma-aminobutyric acid as a promoting factor of cancer metastasis; induction of matrix metalloproteinase production is potentially its underlying mechanism.
Malnutrition
Effect of undernutrition in early life on glutamate decarboxylase activity in the adult brain.
Effect of undernutrition on the regional development of transmitter enzymes: glutamate decarboxylase and choline acetyltransferase.
Protein malnutrition differentially alters the number of glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 interneurons in dentate gyrus and CA1-3 subfields of the dorsal hippocampus.
Medulloblastoma
Glutamic acid decarboxylase and gamma-aminobutyric acid in Huntington's disease fibroblasts and other cultured cells, determined by a [3H]muscimol radioreceptor assay.
Melanoma
Combined immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab causing acute-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus following a single administration: two case reports.
Memory Disorders
Amelioration of oxidative stress-induced phenotype loss of parvalbumin interneurons might contribute to the beneficial effects of environmental enrichment in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder.
Comparison of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region at various age stages in dogs.
Critical role of the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase in consolidation and generalization of Pavlovian fear memory.
Gad67 haploinsufficiency reduces amyloid pathology and rescues olfactory memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Reversal of brain injury-induced prefrontal glutamic acid decarboxylase expression and working memory deficits by D1 receptor antagonism.
Synaptic biomarker reduction and impaired cognition in the sub-chronic PCP mouse model for schizophrenia.
Meningoencephalitis
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in cerebrospinal fluid in infancy and childhood Part II. Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of children with neurological diseases.
Metabolic Syndrome
Clinical characteristics and outcome of pregnancy in women with gestational hyperglycaemia with and without antibodies to beta-cell antigens.
Comparison of Adults with Insulin Resistance (IR) in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes Versus IR in Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody-negative Diabetes.
Upregulation of GAD65 mRNA in the medulla of the rat model of metabolic syndrome.
[Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults(LADA): part of the clinical spectrum of type-1 diabetes mellitus of autoimmune origin]
[Metabolic syndrome and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults]
Migraine Disorders
?6GABAA Receptor Positive Modulators Alleviate Migraine-like Grimaces in Mice via Compensating GABAergic Deficits in Trigeminal Ganglia.
Attenuation by valproate of c-fos immunoreactivity in trigeminal nucleus caudalis induced by intracisternal capsaicin.
Peripheral GABAA receptor-mediated effects of sodium valproate on dural plasma protein extravasation to substance P and trigeminal stimulation.
Miller Fisher Syndrome
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Movement Disorders
GABA levels and GAD immunoreactivity in the deep cerebellar nuclei of rats with altered olivo-cerebellar function.
Homozygosity for a missense mutation in the 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in a family with autosomal recessive spastic cerebral palsy: parallels with Stiff-Person Syndrome and other movement disorders.
Inhibition of brain glutamate decarboxylase by glutarate, glutaconate, and beta-hydroxyglutarate: explanation of the symptoms in glutaric aciduria?
Monoclonal antibodies to 65kDa glutamate decarboxylase induce epitope specific effects on motor and cognitive functions in rats.
[A stiff-legged man with a bizarre gait]
[Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, glutamic acid decarboxylase and 1-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase in involuntary movement disorders (author's transl)]
MPTP Poisoning
Alterations in expression of messenger RNAs encoding two isoforms of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the globus pallidus and entopeduncular nucleus in animals symptomatic for and recovered from experimental Parkinsonism.
Multiple Sclerosis
Gene transfer of Ig-fusion proteins into B cells prevents and treats autoimmune diseases.
Molecular and cellular analyses of HLA class II-associated susceptibility to autoimmune diseases in the Japanese population.
Recent Patents on Immunoregulatory DNA Vaccines for Autoimmune Diseases and Allograft Rejection.
[Determination of gamma-aminobutyric acid concentration and activity of glutamate decarboxylase in blood serum of patients with multiple sclerosis]
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Muscle Rigidity
A rare saccade velocity profile in Stiff-Person Syndrome with cerebellar degeneration.
High-dose intravenous immune globulin for stiff-person syndrome.
Opsoclonus in a patient with increased titers of anti-GAD antibody provides proof for the conductance-based model of saccadic oscillations.
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
[A case of progressive continuous muscular rigidity and painless and rhythmic muscle spasm associated with autoantibody against glutamic acid decarboxylase]
Muscle Spasticity
Homozygosity for a missense mutation in the 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in a family with autosomal recessive spastic cerebral palsy: parallels with Stiff-Person Syndrome and other movement disorders.
Myasthenia Gravis
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody assay using 125I-labelled recombinant GAD65 produced in yeast.
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Myelitis
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody in a Patient with Myelitis: A Retrospective Study.
Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile
Evaluation of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Levels in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy and Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis.
Myoclonus
A unique combination of autoimmune limbic encephalitis, type 1 diabetes, and Stiff person syndrome associated with GAD-65 antibody.
Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase: prevalence in neurological diseases.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in palatal myoclonus and epilepsy.
Central nervous system destruction mediated by glutamic acid decarboxylase-specific CD4(+) T cells.
Glycine receptor antibodies are detected in progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) but not in saccadic oscillations.
[Spinal myoclonus with antibodies against glutamic decarboxylase]
Myopia
GABA and GABA receptors alterations in the primary visual cortex of concave lens-induced myopic model.
Narcolepsy
A/H1N1 antibodies and TRIB2 autoantibodies in narcolepsy patients diagnosed in conjunction with the Pandemrix vaccination campaign in Sweden 2009-2010.
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Glutamate Decarboxylase 1 Overexpression as a Poor Prognostic Factor in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Gamma-aminobutyric acid as a promoting factor of cancer metastasis; induction of matrix metalloproteinase production is potentially its underlying mechanism.
Glucose metabolism via the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis and Krebs cycle in an orthotopic mouse model of human brain tumors.
Neoplasms
A fluorescence-coupled assay for gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) reveals metabolic stress-induced modulation of GABA content in neuroendocrine cancer.
A pilot study on neurological manifestations and antibodies against antigens in children with hematological and other cancers.
Antibody repertoire in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and small cell lung cancer.
Association of CTLA-4 polymorphisms and clinical-immunologic characteristics at onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children.
Autoreactive T cells in healthy individuals.
Blockade of TLR4 Within the Paraventricular Nucleus Attenuates Blood Pressure by Regulating ROS and Inflammatory Cytokines in Prehypertensive Rats.
Can serum GAD65 antibody levels predict neurological disease or cancer?
CD4(+) T cells from glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65-specific T cell receptor transgenic mice are not diabetogenic and can delay diabetes transfer.
Cholinergic neurons of fetal rat telencephalon in aggregating cell culture respond to NGF as well as to protein kinase C-activating tumor promoters.
Clinical Heterogeneity in Patients with Glutamate Decarboxylase Antibody.
Comparative and correlative assessments of cytokine, complement and antibody patterns in paediatric type 1 diabetes.
Cytokine regulation of glutamate decarboxylase biosynthesis in isolated rat islets of Langerhans.
Effects of N6-monobutyryl-cyclic AMP on glutamate decarboxylase activity in fetal rat brain cells and glial tumor cells in culture.
GAD 67KD antisense in colon cancer cells inhibits cell growth and sensitizes to butyrate and pH reduction and H2O2 and gamma-radiation.
GAD65 neurological autoimmunity.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid as a promoting factor of cancer metastasis; induction of matrix metalloproteinase production is potentially its underlying mechanism.
Gene expression profile of metastatic colon cancer cells resistant to cisplatin-induced apoptosis.
Glucose metabolism via the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis and Krebs cycle in an orthotopic mouse model of human brain tumors.
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody in a Patient with Myelitis: A Retrospective Study.
High T-helper-1 cytokines but low T-helper-3 cytokines, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in children with high risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
Hippocampal and Cerebellar Changes in Acute Restraint Stress and the Impact of Pretreatment with Ceftriaxone.
Improving accuracy of myasthenia gravis autoantibody testing by reflex algorithm.
In search of druggable targets for GBM amino acid metabolism.
Leucoencephalopathy, transverse myelopathy, and peripheral neuropathy in association with glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD) antibodies in children with cancer.
Nicotine stimulates pancreatic cancer xenografts by systemic increase in stress neurotransmitters and suppression of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid.
No Evidence of Antibodies against GAD65 and Other Specific Antigens in Children with Autism.
Ornithine decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase 65 as prognostic markers of gallbladder malignancy: a clinicopathological study in benign and malignant lesions of the gallbladder.
Potential autoantigens in IDDM. Expression of carboxypeptidase-H and insulin but not glutamate decarboxylase on the beta-cell surface.
Regulation of pancreatic cancer by neuropsychological stress responses: a novel target for intervention.
Social stress promotes and ?-aminobutyric acid inhibits tumor growth in mouse models of non-small cell lung cancer.
Stress increases vulnerability to inflammation in the rat prefrontal cortex.
The role of glutamate decarboxylase 65 in gastric cancer development, progression, and prognosis.
Unsuspected Protumorigenic Signaling Role for the Oncometabolite GABA in Advanced Prostate Cancer.
[Effect of mechanical stretch preconditioning on pathological stretch-induced activation of ?-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway in human type II alveolar epithelial cells].
Nephrosis
Erythrocytic enzymes and amino acids related to glutamic acid metabolism in childhood hypoproteinemic states.
Nervous System Diseases
Abundant glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-reactive B cells in gad-antibody-associated neurological disorders.
Adenovirus-mediated transfer of a functional GAD gene into nerve cells: potential for the treatment of neurological diseases.
Anti-GAD65 Containing Cerebrospinal Fluid Does not Alter GABAergic Transmission.
Antigenic differences between neurological and diabetic patients with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Association of Paraneoplastic Neurological Disorders With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies.
Autoimmunity to GABAA-receptor-associated protein in stiff-person syndrome.
Cerebellar ataxia and autoantibodies restricted to glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67).
Cortical Deficits of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 67 Expression in Schizophrenia: Clinical, Protein, and Cell Type-Specific Features.
Disease-specific monoclonal antibodies targeting glutamate decarboxylase impair GABAergic neurotransmission and affect motor learning and behavioral functions.
Does epilepsy occur more frequently in children with Type 1 diabetes?
Efficient therapeutic gene expression in cultured rat hippocampal neurons mediated by human foamy virus vectors: a potential for the treatment of neurological diseases.
Epitope-specific glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 autoantibodies in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations.
Familial autoimmunity in neurological patients with GAD65 antibodies: an interview-based study.
GAD65 as a potential marker for cognitive performance in an adult population with prediabetes.
GAD65 autoantibody characteristics in patients with co-occurring type 1 diabetes and epilepsy may help identify underlying epilepsy etiologies.
GAD65 epitope mapping and search for novel autoantibodies in GAD-associated neurological disorders.
GAD65 neurological autoimmunity.
Gad67 haploinsufficiency reduces amyloid pathology and rescues olfactory memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies and neurological disorders.
High Titers of Autoantibodies to Glutamate Decarboxylase in Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Epitope Analysis and Inhibition of Enzyme Activity.
Identification of the 64K autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes as the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Intrathecal-specific glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies at low titers in autoimmune neurological disorders.
Levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), gamma amino butyric acid transaminase (GABA-T), glutamic acid dehydrogenase (GLDH) and proteins in cerebrospinal fluid of certain neurological disorders.
Mapping of an autoreactive epitope within glutamate decarboxylase using a diabetes-associated human monoclonal autoantibody and an epitope cDNA library.
Neurological Disorders Associated with Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies.
Neurological disorders associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: a Brazilian series.
Presence of GAD65 autoantibodies in the serum of children with autism or ADHD.
Removal kinetics of antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase by various plasmapheresis modalities in the treatment of neurological disorders.
Rituximab treatment of stiff-person syndrome in a patient with thymoma, diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroiditis.
Serum glutamate decarboxylase antibodies and neurological disorders: when to suspect their association?
Stiff Person Syndrome Associated with Compartment Syndrome.
Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin Therapy with IgPro20 in Patients with Stiff Person Syndrome and Primary Immunodeficiency Disease.
Therapeutic plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with anti-GAD antibody-related epilepsy: Quantification of the antibody response.
Neuralgia
A novel human foamy virus mediated gene transfer of GAD67 reduces neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury.
AAV-GAD gene for rat models of neuropathic pain and Parkinson's disease.
AAV-Mediated Combination Gene Therapy for Neuropathic Pain: GAD65, GDNF, and IL-10.
Constitutive GABA expression via a recombinant adeno-associated virus consistently attenuates neuropathic pain.
Correction: Shuanglin Hao, Marina Mata, Darren Wolfe, Joseph C. Glorioso, David J. Fink. Gene transfer of glutamic acid decarboxylase reduces neuropathic pain. Ann Neurol 2005; 57: 914-918.
Distribution and colocalisation of glutamate decarboxylase isoforms in the rat spinal cord.
Epigenetic suppression of GAD65 expression mediates persistent pain.
Exercise training modulates glutamic acid decarboxylase-65/67 expression through TrkB signaling to ameliorate neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury.
Gene therapy for neuropathic pain using dorsal root ganglion-targeted helper-dependent adenoviral vectors with GAD67 expression.
Gene Transfer of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 67 by Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors Suppresses Neuropathic Pain Induced by Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp120 Combined with ddC in Rats.
Gene transfer of glutamic acid decarboxylase reduces neuropathic pain.
HSV vector-mediated GAD67 suppresses neuropathic pain induced by perineural HIV gp120 in rats through inhibition of ROS and Wnt5a.
Improvements in impaired GABA and GAD65/67 production in the spinal dorsal horn contribute to exercise-induced hypoalgesia in a mouse model of neuropathic pain.
Menin regulates spinal glutamate-GABA balance through GAD65 contributing to neuropathic pain.
mir-500-Mediated GAD67 Downregulation Contributes to Neuropathic Pain.
Normalizing HDAC2 Levels in the Spinal Cord Alleviates Thermal and Mechanical Hyperalgesia After Peripheral Nerve Injury and Promotes GAD65 and KCC2 Expression.
Novel, Small Molecule induced GABA-hATSCs for Targeting of Neuropathic Pain.
Peripherally delivered glutamic acid decarboxylase gene therapy for spinal cord injury pain.
Spinal GABAergic Mechanisms in the Effects of Spinal Cord Stimulation in a Rodent Model of Neuropathic Pain: Is GABA Synthesis Involved?
Swimming Training Attenuates Allodynia and Hyperalgesia Induced by Peripheral Nerve Injury in an Adult Male Rat Neuropathic Model: Effects on Irisin and GAD65.
The etiological changes of acetylation in peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic hypersensitivity.
The etiological contribution of GABAergic plasticity to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain.
The Role of Ventral Tegmental Area GABA on the Chronic Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Cord Injury in Rat.
Neuroacanthocytosis
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Neuroblastoma
A pilot study on neurological manifestations and antibodies against antigens in children with hematological and other cancers.
Adrenergic, cholinergic, and inactive human neuroblastoma cell lines with the action-potential Na+ ionophore.
Changes in glycolipid glycosyltransferases and glutamate decarboxylase and their relationship to differentiation in neuroblastoma cells.
Downregulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase in Drosophila TDP-43-null brains provokes paralysis by affecting the organization of the neuromuscular synapses.
Function coupling of otoferlin with GAD65 acts to modulate GABAergic activity.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase and gamma-aminobutyric acid in Huntington's disease fibroblasts and other cultured cells, determined by a [3H]muscimol radioreceptor assay.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
An autoantibody inhibitory to glutamic acid decarboxylase in the neurodegenerative disorder Batten disease.
Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in the neurodegenerative disorder Batten disease.
Distinct patterns of serum immunoreactivity as evidence for multiple brain-directed autoantibodies in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity with brainstem, extrapyramidal, and spinal cord dysfunction.
Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Alpha-asarone Improves Cognitive Function of APP/PS1 Mice and Reducing A?42, P-tau and Neuroinflammation, and Promoting Neuron Survival in the Hippocampus.
Evidence of parallels between mercury intoxication and the brain pathology in autism.
Immunomodulation for treatment of drug and device refractory gastroparesis.
Neuroinflammation versus decreased Zif268 mRNA expression as causal mediators of decreased GAD67 mRNA expression within dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia.
Repeated psychosocial stress causes glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform-67, oxidative-Nox-2 changes and neuroinflammation in mice: Prevention by treatment with a neuroactive flavonoid, morin.
Very low doses of muscimol and baclofen ameliorate cognitive deficits and regulate protein expression in the brain of a rat model of streptozocin-induced Alzheimer's disease.
Neurologic Manifestations
A pilot study on neurological manifestations and antibodies against antigens in children with hematological and other cancers.
Anxious depression and the stiff-person plus syndrome.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity with brainstem, extrapyramidal, and spinal cord dysfunction.
Paraneoplastic autoimmunity and small-cell lung cancer: Neurological and serological accompaniments.
Serum glutamate decarboxylase antibodies and neurological disorders: when to suspect their association?
Neuromyelitis Optica
No Overlap among Serum GAD65, NMDAR and AQP4 Antibodies in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.
Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses
An autoantibody inhibitory to glutamic acid decarboxylase in the neurodegenerative disorder Batten disease.
An autoantibody to GAD65 in sera of patients with juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.
Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in the neurodegenerative disorder Batten disease.
Distinct patterns of serum immunoreactivity as evidence for multiple brain-directed autoantibodies in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity in Batten disease and other disorders.
Homozygosity for a missense mutation in the 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in a family with autosomal recessive spastic cerebral palsy: parallels with Stiff-Person Syndrome and other movement disorders.
Identification of alpha-fetoprotein as an autoantigen in juvenile Batten disease.
IgG entry and deposition are components of the neuroimmune response in Batten disease.
Intermittent prednisolone and autoantibodies to GAD65 in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.
Nystagmus, Pathologic
Vertical nystagmus associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies responding to cyclophosphamide.
Obesity
Association of genetic polymorphisms of glutamate decarboxylase 2 and the dopamine D2 receptor with obesity in Taiwanese subjects.
Association of the -243 A-->G polymorphism of the glutamate decarboxylase 2 gene with obesity in girls with premature pubarche.
Association of the -243A>G, +61450C>A Polymorphisms of the Glutamate Decarboxylase 2 (GAD2) Gene with Obesity and Insulin Level in North Indian Population.
Fasting c-peptide and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 levels help to distinguish childhood type 1 and type 2 diabetes at diagnosis.
GAD2 on chromosome 10p12 is a candidate gene for human obesity.
Geographic location determines beta-cell autoimmunity among adult Ghanaians: Findings from the RODAM study.
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) and tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA-2) autoantibodies index in a regional population is related to glucose intolerance and body mass index.
Is glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2) a genetic link between low birth weight and subsequent development of obesity in children?
Lack of association of glutamate decarboxylase 2 gene polymorphisms with severe obesity in utah.
Lack of support for the association between GAD2 polymorphisms and severe human obesity.
Metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk patterns of an Indian tribe living in the Amazon Region of Brazil.
Obesity, Abdominal
Metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk patterns of an Indian tribe living in the Amazon Region of Brazil.
Obesity, Morbid
GAD2 on chromosome 10p12 is a candidate gene for human obesity.
Lack of association of glutamate decarboxylase 2 gene polymorphisms with severe obesity in utah.
Ocular Motility Disorders
A Variant of Alternating Skew Deviation in GAD65 Antibody-Associated Cerebellar Ataxia.
Oligodendroglioma
Neural antigens in oligodendrogliomas and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors.
Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome
A pilot study on neurological manifestations and antibodies against antigens in children with hematological and other cancers.
Paraneoplastic opsoclonus myoclonus with autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Presentation of opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Optic Nerve Injuries
Increased expression of GABA transporters, GAT-1 and GAT-3, in the deafferented superior colliculus of the rat.
Reductions in N-acetylaspartylglutamate and the 67 kDa form of glutamic acid decarboxylase immunoreactivities in the visual system of albino and pigmented rats after optic nerve transections.
Overweight
Metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk patterns of an Indian tribe living in the Amazon Region of Brazil.
The first series of cases of ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (flatbush diabetes) in Brazilian adults.
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Regulation of pancreatic cancer by neuropsychological stress responses: a novel target for intervention.
Pancreatitis, Chronic
A novel subtype of type 1 diabetes mellitus characterized by a rapid onset and an absence of diabetes-related antibodies. Osaka IDDM Study Group.
The prognostic significance of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in patients with chronic pancreatitis undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation.
Paralysis
Alterations of GABAergic neurons in the basal ganglia of patients with progressive supranuclear palsy: an in situ hybridization study of GAD67 messenger RNA.
Auto-destruction of the thyroid gland and coexisting glutamic acid decarboxylase mediated neurological disease in an adolescent: an unusual presentation of autoimmunity.
Downregulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase in Drosophila TDP-43-null brains provokes paralysis by affecting the organization of the neuromuscular synapses.
Pathological evidence of encephalomyelitis in the stiff man syndrome with anti-GAD antibodies.
Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Paraneoplastic stiff-person syndrome: passive transfer to rats by means of IgG antibodies to amphiphysin.
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System
Paraneoplastic Encephalomyelitis With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies Presenting as Longitudinal Pyramidal Tract Hyperintensity.
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Ocular
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Parathyroid Neoplasms
A Possible Link Between Parathyroid Hormone Secretion and Local Regulation of GABA in Human Parathyroid Adenomas.
Parkinson Disease
Alterations in GAD67, dynorphin and enkephalin mRNA in striatal output neurons following priming in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease.
Alterations in prodynorphin, proenkephalin, and GAD67 mRNA levels in the aged human putamen: correlation with Parkinson's disease.
Brain glutamate decarboxylase in Parkinson's disease with particular reference to a premortem severity index.
Brain glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in Parkinson's disease.
Consequence of nigrostriatal denervation and L-dopa therapy on the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase messenger RNA in the pallidum.
Consequences of nigrostriatal denervation on the gamma-aminobutyric acidic neurons of substantia nigra pars reticulata and superior colliculus in parkinsonian syndromes.
Decreased glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA expression in prefrontal cortex in Parkinson's disease.
Decreased parvalbumin mRNA expression in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in Parkinson's disease.
Effects of globus pallidus lesions and Parkinson's disease on brain glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Effects of nigrostriatal denervation and L-dopa therapy on the GABAergic neurons in the striatum in MPTP-treated monkeys and Parkinson's disease: an in situ hybridization study of GAD67 mRNA.
Efficient therapeutic gene expression in cultured rat hippocampal neurons mediated by human foamy virus vectors: a potential for the treatment of neurological diseases.
Enhanced expression of glutamate decarboxylase 65 improves symptoms of rat parkinsonian models.
Expression of GAD65 and GAD67 immunoreactivity in MPTP-treated monkeys with or without L-DOPA administration.
GABAA receptor but not muscarinic receptor density was decreased in the brain of patients with Parkinson's disease.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in Parkinson's disease and epilepsy.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA expression in medial and lateral pallidal neurons in the MPTP-treated monkey and patients with Parkinson's disease.
Knock down of GAD67 protein levels normalizes neuronal activity in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
L-glutamic acid decarboxylase in Parkinson's disease: effect of L-dopa therapy.
Long-term follow-up of a randomized AAV2-GAD gene therapy trial for Parkinson's disease.
Loss of glutamic acid decarboxylase (Gad67) in striatal neurons expressing the Drdr1a dopamine receptor prevents L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned mice.
Mapping Spatiotemporal Microproteomics Landscape in Experimental Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Unveils a link to Parkinson's Disease.
NLX-P101, an adeno-associated virus gene therapy encoding glutamic acid decarboxylase, for the potential treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Safety and tolerability of gene therapy with an adeno-associated virus (AAV) borne GAD gene for Parkinson's disease: an open label, phase I trial.
Striatal dopamine depletion, dopamine receptor stimulation, and GABA metabolism: implications for the therapy of Parkinson's disease.
Striatal GABAergic neuronal activity is not reduced in Parkinson's disease.
Subthalamic hGAD65 gene therapy and striatum TH gene transfer in a Parkinson's disease rat model.
The neuropathology of GABA neurons in extrapyramidal disorders.
Treatment of Parkinson's disease : what's on the horizon?
[Advances in the application of gene therapy for Parkinson's disease with adeno-associated virus].
[Topographic and chemical study of the GABA synthetizing enzyme in Parkinsonian syndromes]
Parkinsonian Disorders
AAV2-GAD gene therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, sham-surgery controlled, randomised trial.
Alterations in expression of messenger RNAs encoding two isoforms of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the globus pallidus and entopeduncular nucleus in animals symptomatic for and recovered from experimental Parkinsonism.
Alterations in prodynorphin, proenkephalin, and GAD67 mRNA levels in the aged human putamen: correlation with Parkinson's disease.
Atypical parkinsonism and intrathecal anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies - an unusual association: a case report.
Experimental parkinsonism is associated with increased pallidal GAD gene expression and is reversed by site-directed antisense gene therapy.
Increased glutamate decarboxylase mRNA levels in the striatum and pallidum of MPTP-treated primates.
Novel clinical features of glycine receptor antibody syndrome: A series of 17 cases.
Periodontal Pocket
Serum IgG to heat shock proteins and Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens in diabetic patients with periodontitis.
Periodontitis
Negative effects of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease on diabetes mellitus.
Serum IgG to heat shock proteins and Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens in diabetic patients with periodontitis.
Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Distribution and colocalisation of glutamate decarboxylase isoforms in the rat spinal cord.
Normalizing HDAC2 Levels in the Spinal Cord Alleviates Thermal and Mechanical Hyperalgesia After Peripheral Nerve Injury and Promotes GAD65 and KCC2 Expression.
Swimming Training Attenuates Allodynia and Hyperalgesia Induced by Peripheral Nerve Injury in an Adult Male Rat Neuropathic Model: Effects on Irisin and GAD65.
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase in a patient with cerebellar cortical atrophy, peripheral neuropathy, and slow eye movements.
Leucoencephalopathy, transverse myelopathy, and peripheral neuropathy in association with glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD) antibodies in children with cancer.
Peripheral neuropathy associated with antiglutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Phenylketonurias
Inhibition of brain glutamic acid decarboxylase by phenylalanine, valine, and leucine derivatives: a suggestion concerning the etiology of the neurological defect in phenylketonuria and branched-chain ketonuria.
Pheochromocytoma
Nerve growth factor-mediated stimulation of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in a clonal rat pheochromocytoma cell line.
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION OF GLUTAMIC ACID DECARBOXYLASE 67 BY INTERMITTENT HYPOXIA: Evidence for the involvement of dopamine D1 receptor signaling($).
Pick Disease of the Brain
Enzyme activities in relation to pH and lactate in postmortem brain in Alzheimer-type and other dementias.
Picornaviridae Infections
Picornavirus proteins share antigenic determinants with heat shock proteins 60/65.
Polycystic Kidney Diseases
Type III Cells in Anterior Taste Fields Are More Immunohistochemically Diverse Than Those of Posterior Taste Fields in Mice.
Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune
Autoantibodies in autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I patients react with major brain neurotransmitter systems.
Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED).
Characterization of the humoral immune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) and/or type 1 diabetes.
Reduction of Total Brain and Cerebellum Volumes Associated With Neuronal Autoantibodies in Patients With APECED.
Polymyositis
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Polyneuropathies
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD-65) Autoimmunity Associated With Profound Daytime Hypersomnia, Nighttime Insomnia, Mild Autonomic Neuropathy and Axonal Sensori-Motor Polyneuropathy: A Case Report on a New Phenotype.
Prediabetic State
Autoreactive T cells in a partially humanized murine model of T1D.
GAD65 as a potential marker for cognitive performance in an adult population with prediabetes.
Identification of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody heterogeneity and epitope regions in type I diabetes.
Pharmacological approaches to the prevention of autoimmune diabetes.
Prevalence of diabetes-specific autoantibodies in patients at risk for adult onset diabetes mellitus.
Prostatic Hyperplasia
Gamma-aminobutyric acid as a promoting factor of cancer metastasis; induction of matrix metalloproteinase production is potentially its underlying mechanism.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Glutamate Decarboxylase 65 Signals through the Androgen Receptor to Promote Castration Resistance in Prostate Cancer.
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Erythrocytic enzymes and amino acids related to glutamic acid metabolism in childhood hypoproteinemic states.
Pseudorabies
Medullary pathways mediating specific sympathetic responses to activation of dorsomedial hypothalamus.
Nicotine enhances inhibition of mouse vagal motor neurons by modulating excitability of premotor GABAergic neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarii.
Radiculopathy
Vector-mediated gene transfer to express inhibitory neurotransmitters in dorsal root ganglion reduces pain in a rodent model of lumbar radiculopathy.
Respiratory Insufficiency
Respiratory activity in brainstem of fetal mice lacking glutamate decarboxylase 65/67 and vesicular GABA transporter.
Retinitis Pigmentosa
Photoreceptor degeneration and loss of immunoreactive GABA in the Abyssinian cat retina.
Rotavirus Infections
Rotavirus Infection Enhances Levels of Autoantibodies Against Islet Cell Antigens GAD65 and IA-2 in Children with Type 1 Diabetes.
Rubella
CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clones from congenital rubella syndrome patients with IDDM recognize overlapping GAD65 protein epitopes. Implications for HLA class I and II allelic linkage to disease susceptibility.
Cross-reactive rubella virus and glutamic acid decarboxylase (65 and 67) protein determinants recognised by T cells of patients with type I diabetes mellitus.
Humoral beta-cell autoimmunity is rare in patients with the congenital rubella syndrome.
Rubella Syndrome, Congenital
CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clones from congenital rubella syndrome patients with IDDM recognize overlapping GAD65 protein epitopes. Implications for HLA class I and II allelic linkage to disease susceptibility.
Sarcoma, Avian
Adenovirus-mediated transfer of a functional GAD gene into nerve cells: potential for the treatment of neurological diseases.
Differentiation of retrovirus-infected avian neuroretina cells.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity is stimulated in quail retina neuronal cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus and is regulated by pp60v-src.
Scrapie
Brain glutamate decarboxylase and cholinergic enzyme activities in scrapie.
Changes in tyrosine hydroxylase, glutamic acid decarboxylase and choline acetyltransferase after local microinoculation of scrapie agent into the nigrostriatal system of the golden hamster.
Early changes in tyrosine hydroxylase and glutamate decarboxylase activity in the golden hamster striatum after intracerebral inoculation of the nigrostriatal system with scrapie agent (strain 263 K).
Influence of stereotaxically injected scrapie on neurotransmitter systems of mouse cerebellum.
Seizures
4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-transaminase) deficiency.
A comparison of the effects of allylglycine and 2-keto-4-pentenoic acid on cerebral glutamic acid decarboxylase activity and convulsions in mice [proceedings]
A dual mechanism for the anticonvulsant action of aminooxyacetic acid.
A genetic context for the study of audiogenic seizures.
Activity-dependent expression of GAD67 in the granule cells of the rat hippocampus.
Acupuncture inhibits kainic Acid-induced hippocampal cell death in mice.
Acute changes in the neuronal expression of GABA and glutamate decarboxylase isoforms in the rat piriform cortex following status epilepticus.
Alterations in seizure mechanisms caused by oxygen high pressure, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, and pyridoxine.
Alterations of the neocortical GABAergic system in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy: neuronal damage and immunocytochemical changes in chronic epileptic rats.
Altered hippocampal expression of neuropeptide Y, somatostatin, and glutamate decarboxylase in Ihara's epileptic rats and spontaneously epileptic rats.
Amygdala-kindling does not induce a persistent loss of GABA neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata of rats.
Anticardiolipin, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and antinuclear antibodies in epileptic patients.
Anticonvulsant effect of neural regeneration peptide 2945 on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in rats.
Antiepileptic activity of total triterpenes isolated from Poria cocos is mediated by suppression of aspartic and glutamic acids in the brain.
Antiepileptic drug therapy in patients with autoimmune epilepsy.
Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibody-associated epilepsy.
Audiogenic seizure activity following HSV-1 GAD65 sense or antisense injection into inferior colliculus of Long-Evans rat.
Autoimmune Epilepsy.
Calcium binding protein (calbindin-D28k) and glutamate decarboxylase gene expression after kindling induced seizures.
Cerebral Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor Regulates Multiple Neuronal Subtypes and Behavior.
Cerebral glutamic acid decarboxylase activity and gamma-aminobutyric acid concentrations in mice susceptible or resistant to audiogenic seizures.
Cleft palate and decreased brain gamma-aminobutyric acid in mice lacking the 67-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Concomitant increase of somatostatin, neuropeptide Y and glutamate decarboxylase in the frontal cortex of rats with decreased seizure threshold.
Convulsions and inhibition of glutamate decarboxylase by pyridoxal phosphate-gamma-glutamyl hydrazone in the developing rat.
Convulsions induced by methylmalonic acid are associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase inhibition in rats: a role for GABA in the seizures presented by methylmalonic acidemic patients?
Correlations of Clusters of Non-Convulsive Seizure and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Case With GAD65-Positive Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis.
Correlative changes of pyridoxal kinase pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and glutamate decarboxylase in brain, during drug-induced convulsions.
Cross-species pharmacological characterization of the allylglycine seizure model in mice and larval zebrafish.
CSF glutamate/GABA concentrations in pyridoxine-dependent seizures: etiology of pyridoxine-dependent seizures and the mechanisms of pyridoxine action in seizure control.
Decrease of glutamate decarboxylase activity after in vivo cortical infusion of gamma-aminobutyric acid.
Developmental PCB Exposure Increases Audiogenic Seizures and Decreases Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase in the Inferior Colliculus.
Differential regulation of adult and embryonic glutamate decarboxylases in rat dentate granule cells after kainate-induced limbic seizures.
Distribution of GABAergic neurons in the striatum of amygdala-kindled rats: An immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization study.
Dose pipecolic acid interact with the central GABA-ergic system?
Effect of anticonvulsant treatment on kainic acid-induced increases in peptide levels.
Effect of mannitol treatment on brain neurotransmitter markers in kainic acid-induced epilepsy.
Effect of single and repeated convulsions on glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity and [3H]muscimol binding in the rat brain.
Effects of amygdala kindling and electroconvulsive seizures on the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone in the rat brain.
Effects of antisense glutamic acid decarboxylase oligodeoxynucleotide on epileptic rats induced by pentylenetetrazol.
Effects of Jobelyn® on Isoniazid-Induced Seizures, Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Glutamate Decarboxylase Activity in Mice.
Effects of toluene exposure during brain growth spurt on GABA(A) receptor-mediated functions in juvenile rats.
Enhanced susceptibility to stress and seizures in GAD65 deficient mice.
Evaluation of anticonvulsant activity of QUAN-0806 in various murine experimental seizure models.
Evaluation of GAD67 immunoreactivity in the region of substantia nigra pars reticulata in resistance to development of convulsive seizure in genetic absence epilepsy rats.
Evidence for the involvement of a GABA-mediated inhibition in the hypovolaemia-induced vasopressin release.
Evidence that GAD65 mediates increased GABA synthesis during intense neuronal activity in vivo.
Exogenous protein Hsp70/Hsc70 can penetrate into brain structures and attenuate the severity of chemically-induced seizures.
Expression of plasma membrane GABA transporters but not of the vesicular GABA transporter in dentate granule cells after kainic acid seizures.
Extralimbic autoimmune encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: an underdiagnosed entity?
Free amino acids and glutamate decarboxylase activity in brain of mice during drug-induced convulsions.
GABA and epileptogenesis: comparing gabrb3 gene-deficient mice with Angelman syndrome in man.
GABA receptors, lipids, and gangliosides in cobalt epileptic focus.
GABA-mediated responses are not selectively depressed by 3-mercaptopropionic acid in the spinal cord.
GABAergic mechanisms in epilepsy.
GAD-65 autoantibody associated epilepsy.
GAD-immunoreactive neurons are preserved in the hippocampus of rats with spontaneous recurrent seizures.
GAD65 is essential for synthesis of GABA destined for tonic inhibition regulating epileptiform activity.
gamma-Aminobutyric acid metabolism in subcellular particles of mouse brain and its relationship to convulsions.
Garcinol Upregulates GABAA and GAD65 Expression, Modulates BDNF-TrkB Pathway to Reduce Seizures in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-Induced Epilepsy.
Genetic variability in glutamic acid decarboxylase genes: Associations with post-traumatic seizures after severe TBI.
Glutamate decarboxylase and GABA aminotransferase levels in different regions of rat brain on the onset of Leptazol induced convulsions.
Glutamate decarboxylase is not genetically linked to pyridoxine-dependent seizures.
Glutamate decarboxylase isoforms in thalamic nuclei in lethargic mouse model of absence seizures.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in mammalian tissue outside the central nervous system, and its possible relevance to hereditary vitamin B6 dependency with seizures.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)67, but not GAD65, is constitutively expressed during development and transiently overexpressed by activity in the granule cells of the rat.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-positive autoimmune encephalitis presenting with gelastic seizure, responsive to steroid: A case report.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase immunoreactivity in the mossy fiber terminals of the hippocampus of genetic absence epileptic rats.
Hippocampal electrical activity and gamma-aminobutyrate metabolism in brain tissue following administration of homocysteine.
Hippocampal glutamate decarboxylase activity is not altered in gerbils with high seizure susceptibility.
Hippocampal granule cells express glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 after limbic seizures in the rat.
Hypoglycemic seizures and epilepsy in type I diabetes mellitus.
ICA69(null) nonobese diabetic mice develop diabetes, but resist disease acceleration by cyclophosphamide.
Impact of Dysfunctional Feed-Forward Inhibition on Glutamate Decarboxylase Isoforms and ?-Aminobutyric Acid Transporters.
In contrast to kindled seizures, the frequency of spontaneous epilepsy in the limbic status model correlates with greater aberrant fascia dentata excitatory and inhibitory axon sprouting, and increased staining for N-methyl-D-aspartate, AMPA and GABA(A) receptors.
Increase in taurine content before onset of seizures induced by a glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor.
Influence of convulsants on rat brain activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase.
Inhibition of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) by ethyl ketopentenoate (EKP) induces treatment-resistant epileptic seizures in zebrafish.
Inhibition of glutamate decarboxylase activity by 3-mercaptopropionic acid has different time course in the immature and adult rat brains.
Inhibition of the rate of GABA synthesis in regions of rat brain following a convulsion.
Long-term increase of glutamate decarboxylase mRNA in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Loss of glutamate decarboxylase mRNA-containing neurons in the rat dentate gyrus following pilocarpine-induced seizures.
MDMA decreases glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 67-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampus and increases seizure susceptibility: Role for glutamate.
Mice lacking the 65 kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) maintain normal levels of GAD67 and GABA in their brains but are susceptible to seizures.
Midkine, heparin-binding growth factor, blocks kainic acid-induced seizure and neuronal cell death in mouse hippocampus.
Neurochemical effects of nicotine on glutamate and GABA mechanisms in the rat brain.
Neuropsychological course of voltage-gated potassium channel and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody related limbic encephalitis.
Non-convulsive status epilepticus associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody.
Oxygen-induced seizures and inhibition of human glutamate decarboxylase and porcine cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase by oxygen and nitric oxide.
Participation of the dentate-rubral pathway in the kindling model of epilepsy.
Penicillin-induced convulsions and inhibition of glutamate decarboxylase [proceedings]
Pre- and long-term postoperative courses of hippocampus-associated memory impairment in epilepsy patients with antibody-associated limbic encephalitis and selective amygdalohippocampectomy.
Presence of GAD65 autoantibodies in the serum of children with autism or ADHD.
Profound amnesia after temporal lobectomy: an autoimmune process resembling patient h.m.?
Pyridoxal phosphate and glutamate decarboxylase in subcellular particles of mouse brain and their relationship to convulsions.
Pyridoxal phosphate-unrelated inhibition of hippocampal glutamic acid decarboxylase by convulsant pyridoxal sulphate.
Pyridoxine-dependent seizures associated with white matter abnormalities.
Quantitative trait loci involved in genetic predisposition to acute alcohol withdrawal in mice.
Rapid decrease of GAD 67 content before the convulsion induced by hyperbaric oxygen exposure.
Reduced GABA synthesis in pyridoxine-dependent seizures.
Reduced glucose utilization underlies seizure protection with dietary therapy in epileptic EL mice.
Relationship between gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism and antivitamin B6-induced convulsions.
S-nitrosylation of GAD65 is implicated in decreased GAD activity and oxygen-induced seizures.
Seizure control and cognitive improvement via immunotherapy in late onset epilepsy patients with paraneoplastic versus GAD65 autoantibody-associated limbic encephalitis.
Seizure suppression in kindling epilepsy by grafts of fetal GABAergic neurons in rat substantia nigra.
Seizure susceptibility in the developing mouse and its relationship to glutamate decarboxylase and pyridoxal phosphate in brain.
Seizures induced by allylglycine, 3-mercaptopropionic acid and 4-deoxypyridoxine in mice and photosensitive baboons, and different modes of inhibition of cerebral glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Seizures induced by intracerebral administration of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate: effect of GABAergic drugs and glutamate receptor antagonists.
Seizures produced by pilocarpine: neuropathological sequelae and activity of glutamate decarboxylase in the rat forebrain.
Selective resistance of taurine-fed mice to isoniazide-potentiated seizures: In vivo functional test for the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Selective susceptibility to inhibitors of GABA synthesis and antagonists of GABA(A) receptor in rats with genetic absence epilepsy.
Some correlations between local anesthetic-induced convulsions and gamma-aminobutyric acid in rat spinal cord.
Susceptibility to seizures produced by pilocarpine in rats after microinjection of isoniazid or gamma-vinyl-GABA into the substantia nigra.
Taurine improves congestive functions in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome.
The anticonvulsant activity of ketamine agains siezures induced by pentylenetetrazol and mercaptopropionic acid.
The effect of exercise on GABA signaling pathway in the model of chemically induced seizures.
The inferior colliculus of GEPRs contains greater numbers of cells that express glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67) mRNA.
The mode of action of homocysteine on mouse brain glutamic decarboxylase and gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransferase.
The pediatric neurotransmitter disorders.
The recognition and treatment of autoimmune epilepsy in children.
The selective inhibition of hippocampal glutamic acid decarboxylase in zinc-induced epileptic seizures.
The specific protective effect of diazepam and valproate against isoniazid-induced seizures is not correlated with increased GABA levels.
The temporal alteration of GAD67/GAD65 ratio in the gerbil hippocampal complex following seizure.
Toxoplasma gondii Infections Alter GABAergic Synapses and Signaling in the Central Nervous System.
Transient increase in expression of a glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) mRNA during the postnatal development of the rat striatum.
Transplantation of M213-2O cells with enhanced GAD67 expression into the inferior colliculus alters audiogenic seizures.
Treadmill exercise prevents GABAergic neuronal loss with suppression of neuronal activation in the pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats.
Up-regulation of GAD65 and GAD67 in remaining hippocampal GABA neurons in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Vigabatrin protects against hippocampal damage but is not antiepileptogenic in the lithium-pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Vitamin B 6 -dependency of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the kidney from a patient with vitamin B 6 dependent convulsion.
Vulnerability and plasticity of the GABA system in the pilocarpine model of spontaneous recurrent seizures.
[Metabolic investigations of epileptic seizures. The activity of the glutamate decarboxylase prior to and during experimentally produced convulsions]
[The possible participation of the GABA metabolic system in the mechanisms of the protective action of L-aspartate in hypoxia in an enclosed space]
Seizures, Febrile
Glutamic acid decarboxylase in cerebrospinal fluid in infancy and childhood Part II. Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of children with neurological diseases.
Inhibition of brain glutamate decarboxylase activity is related to febrile seizures in rat pups.
Siderosis
Parkinsonian features in aging GFAP.HMOX1 transgenic mice overexpressing human HO-1 in the astroglial compartment.
Sleep Deprivation
Increased levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and glutamic acid decarboxylase in locus coeruleus neurons after rapid eye movement sleep deprivation in rats.
Sleep modifies glutamate decarboxylase mRNA within the barrel cortex of rats after a mystacial whisker trim.
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD-65) Autoimmunity Associated With Profound Daytime Hypersomnia, Nighttime Insomnia, Mild Autonomic Neuropathy and Axonal Sensori-Motor Polyneuropathy: A Case Report on a New Phenotype.
Sleep Wake Disorders
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD-65) Autoimmunity Associated With Profound Daytime Hypersomnia, Nighttime Insomnia, Mild Autonomic Neuropathy and Axonal Sensori-Motor Polyneuropathy: A Case Report on a New Phenotype.
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Small Cell Lung Cancer Expressing Glutamate Decarboxylase with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.
Spasm
A rare saccade velocity profile in Stiff-Person Syndrome with cerebellar degeneration.
Autoimmunity to gephyrin in Stiff-Man syndrome.
Clinically disparate stiff-person syndrome with GAD65 autoantibody in a father and daughter.
High-dose intravenous immune globulin for stiff-person syndrome.
Opsoclonus in a patient with increased titers of anti-GAD antibody provides proof for the conductance-based model of saccadic oscillations.
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
Rituximab treatment of stiff-person syndrome in a patient with thymoma, diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroiditis.
Stiff Person Syndrome Associated with Compartment Syndrome.
Stiff-person syndrome with amphiphysin antibodies: distinctive features of a rare disease.
Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin Therapy with IgPro20 in Patients with Stiff Person Syndrome and Primary Immunodeficiency Disease.
[A case of progressive continuous muscular rigidity and painless and rhythmic muscle spasm associated with autoantibody against glutamic acid decarboxylase]
[Successful treatment with rituximab in a refractory Stiff-person syndrome.]
Spinal Cord Diseases
Leucoencephalopathy, transverse myelopathy, and peripheral neuropathy in association with glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD) antibodies in children with cancer.
Spinal Cord Injuries
A novel human foamy virus mediated gene transfer of GAD67 reduces neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury.
Correlation of changes in the GABA-ergic system with the development of spasticity in paraplegic cats.
Effect of intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on neurotransmitters and synapsins in rats with spinal cord injury.
Exercise training modulates glutamic acid decarboxylase-65/67 expression through TrkB signaling to ameliorate neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury.
GABA receptor activation in the lumbosacral spinal cord decreases detrusor overactivity in spinal cord injured rats.
Herpes simplex virus vector-mediated gene delivery of glutamic acid decarboxylase reduces detrusor overactivity in spinal cord-injured rats.
Increased expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD(67)) in feline lumbar spinal cord after complete thoracic spinal cord transection.
Peripherally delivered glutamic acid decarboxylase gene therapy for spinal cord injury pain.
Propentofylline attenuates allodynia, glial activation and modulates GABAergic tone after spinal cord injury in the rat.
Suppression of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia by herpes simplex virus vector mediated gene delivery of glutamic acid decarboxylase in spinal cord injured rats.
Transplantation of embryonic Raphe cells regulates the modifications of the gabaergic phenotype occurring in the injured spinal cord.
Use-dependent modulation of inhibitory capacity in the feline lumbar spinal cord.
Spinocerebellar Degenerations
[Autoantibody to glutamate decarboxylase in a patient with spinocerebellar degeneration and Sjögren syndrome]
Starvation
[The effect of starvation on GABA-transaminase and glutamate decarboxylase activity on mitochondria of dog limbic structures during postnatal ontogenesis]
Status Epilepticus
Acute changes in the neuronal expression of GABA and glutamate decarboxylase isoforms in the rat piriform cortex following status epilepticus.
Antiglutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies in Children With Encephalitis and Status Epilepticus.
Autoimmune Epilepsy.
GAD-immunoreactive neurons are preserved in the hippocampus of rats with spontaneous recurrent seizures.
Non-convulsive status epilepticus associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody.
Opercular myoclonic-anarthric status epilepticus due to glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-associated encephalitis.
Refractory status epilepticus and autoimmune encephalitis with GABAAR and GAD65 antibodies: A case report.
Refractory status epilepticus and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in adults: presentation, treatment and outcomes.
Susceptibility to seizures produced by pilocarpine in rats after microinjection of isoniazid or gamma-vinyl-GABA into the substantia nigra.
Stiff-Person Syndrome
11C-flumazenil positron emission tomography demonstrates reduction of both global and local cerebral benzodiazepine receptor binding in a patient with Stiff Person Syndrome.
A case of stiff-person syndrome, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis.
A Case of Treatment Resistance and Complications in a Patient with Stiff Person Syndrome and Cerebellar Ataxia.
A new solid-phase radioimmunoassay to detect anti-GAD65 autoantibodies.
A novel antineuronal antibody in stiff-man syndrome.
A rare saccade velocity profile in Stiff-Person Syndrome with cerebellar degeneration.
A signal located within amino acids 1-27 of GAD65 is required for its targeting to the Golgi complex region.
A unique combination of autoimmune limbic encephalitis, type 1 diabetes, and Stiff person syndrome associated with GAD-65 antibody.
Analysis of GAD65 autoantibodies in Stiff-Person syndrome patients.
Anti-GAD Antibodies and the Cerebellum: Where Do We Stand?
Anti-GAD65 Containing Cerebrospinal Fluid Does not Alter GABAergic Transmission.
Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase: prevalence in neurological diseases.
Antibodies to 125I-glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with stiff man syndrome.
Antigenic differences between neurological and diabetic patients with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Association of GAD-65, but not of GAD-67, with the Golgi complex of transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells mediated by the N-terminal region.
Auto-immune cerebellar ataxia with anti-GAD antibodies accompanied by de novo late-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to GABA-ergic neurons and pancreatic beta cells in stiff-man syndrome.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in a patient with stiff-man syndrome, epilepsy, and type I diabetes mellitus.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in palatal myoclonus and epilepsy.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with therapy-resistant epilepsy.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in three patients with cerebellar ataxia, late-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and polyendocrine autoimmunity.
Autoimmune and paraneoplastic movement disorders: An update.
Autoimmune encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: a case series.
Autoimmunity to GABAA-receptor-associated protein in stiff-person syndrome.
Autoimmunity to gephyrin in Stiff-Man syndrome.
Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Stiff-Man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in the neurodegenerative disorder Batten disease.
Brain gamma-aminobutyric acid changes in stiff-person syndrome.
Case Report: Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated With Anti-glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies: A Pediatric Case Series.
Central nervous system destruction mediated by glutamic acid decarboxylase-specific CD4(+) T cells.
Cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy with anti-GAD antibodies: treatment with IVIG and plasmapheresis.
Cerebellar ataxia with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: study of 14 patients.
Cerebrospinal fluid T cell responses against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in patients with stiff person syndrome.
Characteristics of in-vitro phenotypes of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies in high-titre individuals.
Characterization of CD4+ T cells specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) and proinsulin in a patient with stiff-person syndrome but without type 1 diabetes.
Characterization of continuous B-cell epitopes in the N-terminus of glutamate decarboxylase67 using monoclonal antibodies.
Clinical spectrum of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in a Taiwanese population.
Clinically disparate stiff-person syndrome with GAD65 autoantibody in a father and daughter.
Cytomegalovirus in autoimmunity: T cell crossreactivity to viral antigen and autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Differential detection of rat islet and brain glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoforms with sequence-specific peptide antibodies.
Direct evidence for limited clonality of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in stiff man syndrome using baculovirus expressed GAD.
Disease-specific monoclonal antibodies targeting glutamate decarboxylase impair GABAergic neurotransmission and affect motor learning and behavioral functions.
Distinct antigenic features of linear epitopes at the N-terminus and C-terminus of 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65): implications for autoantigen modification during pathogenesis.
Distinct patterns of serum immunoreactivity as evidence for multiple brain-directed autoantibodies in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.
Elevated Serum GAD65 and GAD65-GADA Immune Complexes in Stiff Person Syndrome.
Epitope spreading and a varying but not disease-specific GAD65 antibody response in Type I diabetes. The Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
GAD antibodies in neurological disorders - insights and challenges.
GAD antibody-spectrum disorders: progress in clinical phenotypes, immunopathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.
GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, stiff-man syndrome, and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I recognize different epitopes.
GAD65 autoantibody characteristics in patients with co-occurring type 1 diabetes and epilepsy may help identify underlying epilepsy etiologies.
GAD65 IgG autoantibodies in stiff person syndrome: clonality, avidity and persistence.
GAD65-Reactive T cells in a non-diabetic stiff-man syndrome patient.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus exhibit similarities and differences in epitope recognition.
High-dose intravenous immune globulin for stiff-person syndrome.
Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Homozygosity for a missense mutation in the 67 kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in a family with autosomal recessive spastic cerebral palsy: parallels with Stiff-Person Syndrome and other movement disorders.
Human autoantibodies react with glutamic acid decarboxylase antigen in human and rat but not in mouse pancreatic islets.
Human B cells secreting immunoglobulin G to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 from a nondiabetic patient with multiple autoantibodies and Graves' disease: a comparison with those present in type 1 diabetes.
Humoral and cellular autoimmune responses in stiff person syndrome.
Humoral autoimmune responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase have similar target epitopes and subclass that show titer-dependent disease association.
Identification of a dominant epitope of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-65) recognized by autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome.
Identification of autoantibody epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase in stiff-man syndrome patients.
Identification of the 64K autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes as the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Immune reactivity to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in stiffman syndrome and type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Immunohistochemical differentiation of monoclonal GAD antibodies recognizing linear or conformational epitope regions.
Immunological GABAergic interactions and therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases.
Inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis by glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome.
Islet Autoantibodies in the Patients with Sjogren's Syndrome and Thyroid Disease and Risk of Progression to Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Case Series.
McArdle Disease vs. Stiff-Person Syndrome: A Case Report Highlighting the Similarities Between Two Rare and Distinct Disorders.
Monoclonal antibodies to 65kDa glutamate decarboxylase induce epitope specific effects on motor and cognitive functions in rats.
Murine monoclonal glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 antibodies recognize autoimmune-associated GAD epitope regions targeted in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and stiff-man syndrome.
Neurological disorders associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: a Brazilian series.
Neuronal Surface and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies in Nonparaneoplastic Stiff Person Syndrome.
Novel clinical features of glycine receptor antibody syndrome: A series of 17 cases.
Paraneoplastic autoimmune movement disorders.
Paraneoplastic Disorders.
Pathological evidence of encephalomyelitis in the stiff man syndrome with anti-GAD antibodies.
Presynaptic impairment of cerebellar inhibitory synapses by an autoantibody to glutamate decarboxylase.
Presynaptic inhibition of cerebellar GABAergic transmission by glutamate decarboxylase autoantibodies in progressive cerebellar ataxia.
Prevalence and immunological spectrum of temporal lobe epilepsy with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
Protective and detrimental immunity: lessons from stiff person syndrome and multiple sclerosis.
Quantitative Assessment of Response to Long-Term Treatment with Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Patients with Stiff Person Syndrome.
Radioimmunoassay for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies as a diagnostic aid for stiff-man syndrome and a correlate of susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Radioimmunoassay for glutamic acid decarboxylase-65.
Redefining progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus after the discovery of antibodies to glycine receptors.
Reduced display of conformational epitopes in the N-terminal truncated GAD65 isoform: relevance for people with stiff person syndrome or DQ8/8-positive Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Respective implications of glutamate decarboxylase antibodies in stiff person syndrome and cerebellar ataxia.
Rituximab treatment of stiff-person syndrome in a patient with thymoma, diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroiditis.
Role of plasma exchange in stiff person syndrome.
Selective suppression of cerebellar GABAergic transmission by an autoantibody to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Severe insulin resistance in a patient with type 1 diabetes and stiff-man syndrome treated with insulin lispro.
Spectrum of neurological syndromes associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: diagnostic clues for this association.
Stiff man syndrome: neurophysiological findings in eight patients.
Stiff Person syndrome and other anti-GAD-associated neurologic disorders.
Stiff person syndrome and other immune-mediated movement disorders - new insights.
Stiff Person Syndrome Associated with Compartment Syndrome.
Stiff person syndrome does not always occur with maternal passive transfer of GAD65 antibodies.
Stiff person syndrome in South Asia.
Stiff person syndrome with elevated titers of antibodies against cardiolipin and ?2 glycoprotein 1: a case report and literature review.
Stiff person syndrome: quantification, specificity, and intrathecal synthesis of GAD65 antibodies.
Stiff-man syndrome associated with antecedent myasthenia gravis and organ-specific autoimmunopathy.
Stiff-man syndrome.
Stiff-man syndrome: identification of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 4 as a novel 80-kDa antineuronal antigen.
Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) and anti-GAD-related CNS degenerations: Protean additions to the autoimmune central neuropathies.
Stiff-person syndrome associated with cerebellar ataxia and high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titer.
Stiff-person syndrome following West Nile fever.
Stiff-person syndrome with amphiphysin antibodies: distinctive features of a rare disease.
Stiff-person syndrome: persistent elevation of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies despite successful treatment with rituximab.
Stiff-person syndromes: motor cortex hyperexcitability correlates with anti-GAD autoimmunity.
Structural model of human GAD65: prediction and interpretation of biochemical and immunogenic features.
Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin Therapy with IgPro20 in Patients with Stiff Person Syndrome and Primary Immunodeficiency Disease.
Sudden spasms following gradual lordosis--the stiff-person syndrome.
T-cell reactivity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in stiff-man syndrome and cerebellar ataxia associated with polyendocrine autoimmunity.
The clinical significance of an autoimmune response against glutamic acid decarboxylase.
The stiff man and stiff man plus syndromes.
The stiff-person syndrome. Case report.
The stiff-person syndrome: an autoimmune disorder affecting neurotransmission of gamma-aminobutyric acid.
Therapeutic plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with anti-GAD antibody-related epilepsy: Quantification of the antibody response.
Treatment and Resolution of Filamentary Keratitis in a Patient with Stiff Person Syndrome.
Two amino acids in glutamic acid decarboxylase act in concert for maintenance of conformational determinants recognised by Type I diabetic autoantibodies.
[Diagnostic usefulness of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in stiff-man syndrome]
[Isaacs' syndrome, stiff person syndrome and Satoyoshi disease: pathomechanisms and treatment]
[Stiff-person syndrome and other neurological disorders associated with anti-GAD antibodies.]
[Successful treatment with rituximab in a refractory Stiff-person syndrome.]
[Target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases]
Stomach Neoplasms
The role of glutamate decarboxylase 65 in gastric cancer development, progression, and prognosis.
Stroke
Effect of Anti-inflammatory Treatment with AMD3100 and CX3CR1 Deficiency on GABAA Receptor Subunit and Expression of Glutamate Decarboxylase Isoforms After Stroke.
succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [nad(p)+] deficiency
The pediatric neurotransmitter disorders.
Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive
Alterations of GABAergic neurons in the basal ganglia of patients with progressive supranuclear palsy: an in situ hybridization study of GAD67 messenger RNA.
Tachycardia
Angiotensin-II is a putative neurotransmitter in lactate-induced panic-like responses in rats with disruption of GABAergic inhibition in the dorsomedial hypothalamus.
Tardive Dyskinesia
Association with persistent neuroleptic-induced dyskinesia of regional changes in brain GABA synthesis.
Expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA in striatum and pallidum in an animal model of tardive dyskinesia.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies in tardive dyskinesia (TD) as compared to patients with schizophrenia without TD and normal controls.
Reduced glutamate decarboxylase activity in the subthalamic nucleus in patients with tardive dyskinesia.
Tetanus
Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Association of T-cell reactivity with beta-cell function in recent onset type 1 diabetes patients.
Cellular immune response to diverse islet cell antigens in IDDM.
Clinical aspects of multifocal or generalized tonic dystonia in reflex sympathetic dystrophy.
Comparison of cytokine ELISpot assay formats for the detection of islet antigen autoreactive T cells. Report of the third immunology of diabetes society T-cell workshop.
Differential and time-dependent changes in gene expression for type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase, and glutamate receptor subunits in tetanus toxin-induced focal epilepsy.
Expression of neuronal markers in chick and quail embryo neuroretina cultures infected with Rous sarcoma virus.
GABAA receptors modulate early spontaneous excitatory activity in differentiating P19 neurons.
GAD65-Reactive T cells in a non-diabetic stiff-man syndrome patient.
Immunological efficacy of heat shock protein 60 peptide DiaPep277 therapy in clinical type I diabetes.
Increased expression of GAD mRNA during the chronic epileptic syndrome due to intrahippocampal tetanus toxin.
Psychological stress in children may alter the immune response.
TH1/TH2 cytokine balance in patients with both type 1 diabetes mellitus and asthma.
[Increase in glutamate decarboxylase activity in the synaptosomes after treatment with tetanus toxin]
Thymoma
GAD1 expression and its methylation as indicators of malignant behavior in thymic epithelial tumors.
Improving accuracy of myasthenia gravis autoantibody testing by reflex algorithm.
Thyroid Diseases
Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes.
Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in Graves' disease is a possible indicator for the unlikelihood of going into remission with antithyroid agents.
Antigenic determinants to GAD autoantibodies in patients with type 1 diabetes with and without autoimmune thyroid disease.
Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase and 21-hydroxylase in Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes or autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease: relation to competitive insulin autoantibodies.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with IDDM and autoimmune thyroid disease.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease with anti-islet autoimmunity.
Engineered variants of human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and autoantibody epitope recognition.
GAD65 neurological autoimmunity.
High prevalence of GAD65 (and IA-2) antibodies in Japanese IDDM patients by a new immunoprecipitation assay based on recombinant human GAD65.
Humoral beta-cell autoimmunity is rare in patients with the congenital rubella syndrome.
Maternal autoimmune thyroid disease and the fetal immune system.
Prevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity and its association with insulin secretion and sensitivity in autoimmune thyroid disease: A pilot study.
Prevalence of pancreatic autoantibodies in non-diabetic patients with autoimmune thyroid disease and its relation to insulin secretion and glucose tolerance.
Sequential elevation of autoantibodies to thyroglobulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes.
Thyroid profile and autoantibodies in Type 1 diabetes subjects: A perspective from Eastern India.
Thyroiditis
Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes.
Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase and 21-hydroxylase in Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes or autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease: relation to competitive insulin autoantibodies.
Autoimmune Diabetes and Thyroiditis Complicating Treatment with Nivolumab.
Autoimmune thyroid disease correlates to islet autoimmunity on zinc transporter 8 autoantibody.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody assay using 125I-labelled recombinant GAD65 produced in yeast.
Prevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity and its association with insulin secretion and sensitivity in autoimmune thyroid disease: A pilot study.
Thyroiditis, Autoimmune
A patient with combined polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2.
Autoimmune thyroiditis in non-obese subjects with initial diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) & tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG) antibodies in patients with thyroid autoimmunity.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity is associated with an impaired insulin response to glucose and arginine in nondiabetic patients with autoimmune thyroiditis.
Simultaneous triple organ specific autoantibody profiling in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their first-degree relatives*
The Frequency of Langerhans Islets ?-Cells Autoantibodies (Anti-GAD) in Georgian Children and Adolescents with Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis.
Thyrotoxicosis
Heritability of levels of autoantibodies using the method of plotting regression of offspring on midparent (ROMP).
Tinnitus
Glutamic acid decarboxylase levels in the cochlear nucleus of rats with acoustic trauma-induced chronic tinnitus.
Stimulation by cochlear implant in unilaterally deaf rats reverses the decrease of inhibitory transmission in the inferior colliculus.
Tinnitus Correlates with Downregulation of Cortical Glutamate Decarboxylase 65 Expression But Not Auditory Cortical Map Reorganization.
Tremor
Absence of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity in symptomatic palatal tremor.
New-onset focal epilepsy with palatal tremor and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies responding to intravenous immunoglobulin.
Trochlear Nerve Diseases
Auto-destruction of the thyroid gland and coexisting glutamic acid decarboxylase mediated neurological disease in an adolescent: an unusual presentation of autoimmunity.
Vaccinia
Autoantigens plus interleukin-10 suppress diabetes autoimmunity.
Cytotoxic T cells specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase in autoimmune diabetes.
Prevention of autoimmune diabetes by immunogene therapy using recombinant vaccinia virus expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Protection of NOD mice from type 1 diabetes after oral inoculation with vaccinia viruses expressing adjuvanted islet autoantigens.
Suppression of hyperglycemia in NOD mice after inoculation with recombinant vaccinia viruses.
Vascular Diseases
Pancreatic exocrine function in patients with diabetes.
Virus Diseases
Glial fibrillary acidic protein and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 kDa proteins are increased in brains of neonatal BALB/c mice following viral infection in utero.
Vitamin B 6 Deficiency
Novel metabolic disturbances in marginal vitamin B6-deficient rat heart.
Whooping Cough
Differential regulation of glutamate decarboxylase and preproenkephalin mRNA levels in the rat striatum.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Cellular gene expression survey of vaccinia virus infection of human HeLa cells.