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malfunction
-
Mmp20-deficient mouse ameloblasts can initiate, terminate, and reinitiate the secretory stage of enamel development
metabolism
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TGF-beta signaling involved in amelogenesis is partially mediated by regulating the expression of MMP20 mRNA
physiological function
Mmp20 expression levels must be within a specific range for normal enamel development to occur. Creation of a normally thick enamel layer may occur over a wider range of Mmp20 expression levels, but acquisition of normal enamel hardness has a narrower range. Over-expression of Mmp20 results in decreased enamel hardness, this suggests that a balance exists between cleaved and full-length enamel matrix proteins that are essential for formation of a properly hardened enamel layer. High and medium expressing Mmp20 transgenes in a Mmp20 null background have significantly harder and more mineralized enamel than do low transgene expressers. When the high and medium expressing Mmp20 transgenes are present in the wild-type background, the enamel is significantly less well mineralized than normal
physiological function
characteristic rod structures observed in wild-type enamel exhibit amorphous features in newly deposited enamel, which subsequently transform into apatite-like crystals in older enamel. Initial mineral formation in Mmp20-null enamel proceeds in the same manner as in the wild-type, but soon after a rod structure begins to form, large plate-like crystals appear randomly within the developing Mmp20-null enamel layer. As development continues, these plate-like crystals become dominant and obscure the appearance of the enamel rod structure. Then the Mmp20-null enamel layer stopps growing in thickness. Mmp20-null enamel contains a significant portion of octacalcium phosphate, unlike wild-type enamel
physiological function
in a stably transfected ameloblast-lineage cell line, MMP20 expression promotes cell invasion. Incisors from transgenic mice overexpressing Mmp20 have a striking cell infiltrate which nearly replaces the entire enamel layer. A thin layer of enamel-like material remains over the dentin and at the outer tooth surface, but between these regions are invading fibroblasts and epithelial cells that surround ectopic bone-like calcifications. Overexpressing mice have decreased enamel organ cadherin levels compared to the Mmp20 ablated and wild-type mice, and beta-catenin is predominantly present within the nuclei of invading cells
physiological function
the isolated enamel crystals of MMP-20 null mice have more organic macromolecules occluded inside them than enamel crystals from the wild-type. The crystal lattice arrangements of MMP-20 null enamel crystals is significantly different from those of the wild-type, with lower crystallinity in the null mice
physiological function
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MMP-20 is involved in the enamel formation and mineralization. The amelogenin degradation induced by MMP-20 is believed to be essential for the axial growth of enamel crystals MMP-20 activity is regulated by RUNX2, which is stimulated by BMP-2 or TGF-beta, and the odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein, ODAM, molecular mechanisms responsible for MMP-20 regulation, overview. Runx2 regulates ODAM expression, which in turn regulates MMP-20 expression and is recruited to the MMP-20 promoter. Increased MMP-20 expression accelerates amelogenin processing during enamel mineralization
physiological function
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MMP20 is an early enzyme, being expressed throughout the secretory stage and into earlier maturation stage of amelogenesis, an intense remodeling and degradation of the enamel matrix by proteases facilitates the enamel biomineralization, overview
physiological function
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MMP20 is required for proper enamel formation. MMP20 influences ameloblast developmental progression through hydrolysis of cadherin extracellular domains with associated release of transcription factor(s)
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Boeckmann, B.; Bairoch, A.; Apweiler, R.; Blatter, M.C.; Estreicher, A.; Gasteiger, E.; Martin M.J.; Michoud, K.; O'Donovan, C.; Phan, I.; Pilbout, S.; Schneider, M.
The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase and its supplement TrEMBL
Nucleic Acids Res.
31
365-370
2003
Mus musculus (P57748), Sus scrofa (P79287)
brenda
Turk, B.E.; Lee, D.H.; Yamakoshi, Y.; Klingenhoff, A.; Reichenberger, E.; Wright, J.T.; Simmer, J.P.; Komisarof, J.A.; Cantley, L.C.; Bartlett, J.D.
MMP-20 is predominately a tooth-specific enzyme with a deep catalytic pocket that hydrolyzes type V collagen
Biochemistry
45
3863-3874
2006
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus (Q3LRH7), Mus musculus
brenda
Bourd-Boittin, K.; Fridman, R.; Fanchon, S.; Septier, D.; Goldberg, M.; Menashi, S.
Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition impairs the processing, formation and mineralization of dental tissues during mouse molar development
Exp. Cell Res.
304
493-505
2005
Mus musculus
brenda
Bartlett, J.D.; Beniash, E.; Lee, D.H.; Smith, C.E.
Decreased mineral content in MMP-20 null mouse enamel is prominent during the maturation stage
J. Dent. Res.
83
909-913
2004
Mus musculus, Mus musculus C57BL6
brenda
Bartlett, J.D.; Skobe, Z.; Lee, D.H.; Wright, J.T.; Li, Y.; Kulkarni, A.B.; Gibson, C.W.
A developmental comparison of matrix metalloproteinase-20 and amelogenin null mouse enamel
Eur. J. Oral Sci.
114
18-23
2006
Mus musculus
brenda
Caterina, J.; Shi, J.; Krakora, S.; Bartlett, J.D.; Engler, J.A.; Kozak, C.A.; Birkedal-Hansen, H.
Isolation, characterization, and chromosomal location of the mouse enamelysin gene
Genomics
62
308-111
1999
Mus musculus (P57748), Mus musculus
brenda
Caterina, J.; Shi, J.; Sun, X.; Qian, Q.; Yamada, S.; Liu, Y.; Krakora, S.; Bartlett, J.D.; Yamada, Y.; Engler, J.A.; Birkedal-Hansen, H.; Simmer, J.P.
Cloning, characterization, and expression analysis of mouse enamelysin
J. Dent. Res.
79
1697-1703
2000
Mus musculus (P57748), Mus musculus
brenda
Gao, Y.; Li, D.; Han, T.; Sun, Y.; Zhang, J.
TGF-beta1 and TGFBR1 are expressed in ameloblasts and promote MMP20 expression
Anat. Rec. (Hoboken)
292
885-890
2009
Mus musculus
brenda
Lee, H.K.; Lee, D.S.; Ryoo, H.M.; Park, J.T.; Park, S.J.; Bae, H.S.; Cho, M.I.; Park, J.C.
The odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) cooperates with RUNX2 and modulates enamel mineralization via regulation of MMP-20
J. Cell. Biochem.
111
755-767
2010
Mus musculus
brenda
Bartlett, J.D.; Yamakoshi, Y.; Simmer, J.P.; Nanci, A.; Smith, C.E.
MMP20 cleaves E-cadherin and influences ameloblast development
Cells Tissues Organs
194
222-226
2011
Mus musculus, Sus scrofa
brenda
Shin, M.; Hu, Y.; Tye, C.E.; Guan, X.; Deagle, C.C.; Antone, J.V.; Smith, C.E.; Simmer, J.P.; Bartlett, J.D.
Matrix metalloproteinase-20 over-expression is detrimental to enamel development: a Mus musculus model
PLoS ONE
9
e86774
2014
Mus musculus (P57748), Mus musculus
brenda
Prajapati, S.; Tao, J.; Ruan, Q.; De Yoreo, J.J.; Moradian-Oldak, J.
Matrix metalloproteinase-20 mediates dental enamel biomineralization by preventing protein occlusion inside apatite crystals
Biomaterials
75
260-270
2016
Mus musculus (P57748)
brenda
Yamazaki, H.; Tran, B.; Beniash, E.; Kwak, S.Y.; Margolis, H.C.
Proteolysis by MMP20 prevents aberrant mineralization in secretory enamel
J. Dent. Res.
98
468-475
2019
Mus musculus (P57748)
brenda
Shin, M.; Suzuki, M.; Guan, X.; Smith, C.; Bartlett, J.
Murine matrix metalloproteinase-20 overexpression stimulates cell invasion into the enamel layer via enhanced Wnt signaling
Sci. Rep.
6
29492
2016
Mus musculus (P57748), Mus musculus
brenda