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Information on EC 3.4.22.55 - caspase-2

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EC Tree
     3 Hydrolases
         3.4 Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases)
             3.4.22 Cysteine endopeptidases
                3.4.22.55 caspase-2
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Select one or more organisms in this record: ?
This record set is specific for:
UNIPROT: P42575 not found.
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Word Map
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
strict requirement for an Asp residue at P1, with Asp316 being essential for proteolytic activity and has a preferred cleavage sequence of Val-Asp-Val-Ala-Asp-/-
Synonyms
caspase-2, caspase 2, casp2, ich-1, casp-2, caspase-2l, nedd-2, caspase-2s, ajcasp, ich-1 protease, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
caspase-2L
caspase-2S
C14.006
-
-
-
-
CASP-2
-
-
-
-
caspase 2
-
-
-
-
ICH-1 protease
-
-
-
-
ICH-1L/1S
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of peptide bond
-
-
-
-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
182372-14-1
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
Ac-DEVD-7-amino-4-trifluoromethyl coumarin + H2O
7-amino-4-trifluoromethyl coumarin + Ac-DEVD
show the reaction diagram
37°C, pH 7.0, 10 mM dithiothreitol
-
-
?
Ac-VDVAD-7-amido-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin + H2O
Ac-VDVAD + 7-amido-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
all-spectrin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
alpha-II-spectrin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
BID + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
catalytically inactive pro-caspase-2 + H2O
caspase-2
show the reaction diagram
37°C, pH 7.0, 10 mM dithiothreitol
-
-
?
Cip1/p21 Bid + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
CUX1 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
cyclophilin A + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
desmoplakin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
DEVD-AFC + H2O
DEVD + AFC
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
DNp63a + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
Asp563 in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B is a caspase-2-preferred cleavage site
-
-
?
fatty acid binding protein 5 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
golgin-160 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
HDAC4 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
huntingtin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
ICAD + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
liposomes + H2O
permealized liposomes
show the reaction diagram
22°C
-
-
?
MDM-2 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
Mdm2 protein + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
myotrophin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
N-acetyl-Val-Asp-Val-Ala-Asp-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
N-acetyl-Val-Asp-Val-Ala-Asp + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
N-acetyl-VDVAD-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
N-acetyl-VDVAD + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
PARP + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
PKC-delta + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
in JURKAT cells
-
-
?
plakin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
pro-caspase-7 + H2O
caspase-7
show the reaction diagram
37°C, pH 7.0, 10 mM dithiothreitol
-
-
?
procaspase-8 + H2O
processed procaspase-8
show the reaction diagram
processing occurs between the large and small subunits
p43/41 form
-
?
profilin 1 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
protein kinase Cdelta + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
PRP31 pre-mRNA processing factor 31 homolog + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
Rho kinase-2 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
soluble superoxide dismutase 1 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
stathmin 1 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
tau protein + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
thioredoxin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
tropomyosin 2beta + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
tropomyosin 3 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
VDVAD + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
VDVAD-4-nitroanilide + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
37°C, pH 8.0, 1 mM DTT
-
-
?
Z-VDVAD-7-amino-4-trifluoromethyl coumarin + H2O
7-amino-4-trifluoromethyl coumarin + Z-VDVAD
show the reaction diagram
37°C, pH 7.0, 10 mM dithiothreitol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
all-spectrin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
BID + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
CUX1 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
cyclophilin A + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
desmoplakin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
DNp63a + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
Asp563 in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B is a caspase-2-preferred cleavage site
-
-
?
fatty acid binding protein 5 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
golgin-160 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
caspase-2-specific substrate
-
-
?
HDAC4 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
huntingtin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
ICAD + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
MDM-2 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
Mdm2 protein + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
caspase-2 cleaves and inhibits Mdm2 and thereby promotes the stability of the tumor-suppressor p53
-
-
?
myotrophin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
PARP + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
plakin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
profilin 1 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
protein kinase Cdelta + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
PRP31 pre-mRNA processing factor 31 homolog + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
Rho kinase-2 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
soluble superoxide dismutase 1 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
stathmin 1 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
tau protein + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
caspase-2 cleavage of tau at Asp314 impairs cognitive and synaptic function in animal and cellular models of tauopathies by promoting the missorting of tau to dendritic spines. The truncation product, DELTAtau314, resists fibrillation and is present at higher levels in brains from cognitively impaired mice and humans with Alzheimer's disease
-
-
?
thioredoxin + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
tropomyosin 2beta + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
tropomyosin 3 + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Ac-ADVAD-CHO
binding structure
Ac-DVAD-CHO
binding structure
Ac-VDVAD-CHO
binding structure
ankyrin
specific caspase-2 inhibitor
-
benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Asp-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone
-
glucocorticoid modulatory element-binding protein 1
GMEB1, endogenous inhibitor of pro-caspase-2 activation
-
pifithrin-alpha
-
protein kinase CK2
phosphorylates procaspase-2 directly at serine-157. When protein kinase CK2 activity is low, procaspase-2 is dephosphorylated, dimerized, and activated in a PIDDosome-independent manner
-
SP600125
inhibits caspase-2 partially
Z-Leu-Glu(OMe)-Thr-Asp(OMe)-CH2F
-
Z-Val-Asp(OMe)-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-CH2F
z-VDVAD-fmk
-
additional information
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine
-
caspase-10
is required for effective processing of caspase-2
-
cyclin D3
-
-
lovastatin
0.05 mM for 24 h, increases caspase-2 gene expression
p53-inducible death domain-containing protein
PIDD
-
silibinin
caspase-2 and caspase-8 can activate each other in response to silibinin
sterol regulatory element binding protein 2
increases caspase-2 gene expression
-
additional information
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.025
Ac-VDVAD-7-amido-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin
pH 6.5, 22°C, wild-type enzyme
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.6
Ac-VDVAD-7-amido-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin
pH 6.5, 22°C, wild-type enzyme
IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00011
Ac-ADVAD-CHO
Homo sapiens
pH 6.5, 22°C, wild-type enzyme
0.00071
Ac-DVAD-CHO
Homo sapiens
pH 6.5, 22°C, wild-type enzyme
0.000025
Ac-VDVAD-CHO
Homo sapiens
pH 6.5, 22°C, wild-type enzyme
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
6.5
assay at
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
22
assay at room temperature
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
human esophageal cancer cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
human esophageal cancer cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
hepatoma cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
human malignant glioma cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
caspase-2 levels are significantly reduced in human lung adenocarcinoma with wild-type p53
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
human colon cancer cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
human pancreatic cancer cell
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
human esophageal cancer cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
isoform casp-2S is undetectable in the SKOV3, H-1299 and HCT-116 p53-deficient cells
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
evolution
caspase-2 is the most evolutionarily conserved member in the human caspase family
malfunction
loss of caspase-2 leads to enhanced tumor proliferation and progression
metabolism
caspase-2 cleavage of tau at Asp314 impairs cognitive and synaptic function in animal and cellular models of tauopathies by promoting the missorting of tau to dendritic spines. The truncation product, DELTAtau314, resists fibrillation and is present at higher levels in brains from cognitively impaired mice and humans with Alzheimer's disease
physiological function
additional information
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
CASP2_HUMAN
452
0
50685
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 5)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
13000
1 * 13000 + 1 * ?, active form, SDS-PAGE
33000
x * 33000, isoform casp-2S, SDS-PAGE
45000
x * 45000, isoform casp-2L, SDS-PAGE
51000
monomer, inactive form, pro-caspase-2
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dimer
monomer
oligomer
caspase-2 undergoes autocatalytic activation to remove the prodomain and linker region to generate a stable dimer consisting of the large subunit p19, residues 170-333, and the small subunit p12, residues 348-452. This p19/p12 dimer self-associates to form the active caspase-2
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
proteolytic modification
caspase-2 undergoes autocatalytic activation to remove the prodomain and linker region to generate a stable dimer consisting of the large subunit p19 and the small subunit p12. This p19/p12 dimer self-associates to form the active caspase-2, forming a dimer, a tetramer, or a dimer-of-dimers
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
wild-type and mutant caspase-2 enzymes complexed with peptide aldehyde inhibitors, incubation of 3 mg/ml protein with 1-5 mM peptide aldehyde inhibitor in DMSO at room temperature for 2 h, hanging drop vapour diffusion method, mixing of 0.002 ml of protein complex solution with 0.002 ml of reservoir solution containing 0.1 M HEPES, pH 7.0, 15% PEG 3350, 3 mM DTT, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis at 1.5-2.4 A resolution, molecular replacement
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
C303A
C320A
forms a dimer only when cell are treated with DRB
D152A
pro-caspase mutant, like the wild-type, this mutant is efficiently processed between the large and the small subunit, however, it is not further processed to seperate the prodomain from the large subunit
D316A
fusion of the linker to the large subunit, toxic when expressed in yeast
D316A/D330A
abolishes auto-processing and reduces enzymatic activity dramatically, 840fold decrease in activity
D316G
uncleavable
D330A
fusion of the linker to the small subunit, slightly greater deleterious effect on enzyme activity than fusion to the large subunit (D316A), toxic when expressed in yeast
S157A/C320A
nonphosphorylatable, dimerizes constitutively
T380A
site-directed mutagenesis
T380A/Y420A
site-directed mutagenesis
Y420A
site-directed mutagenesis
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
anti-FLAG affinity gel chromatography, and gel filtration
recombinant protein from Escherichia coli
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in HEK-293T cells
expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli
expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli strain Bl21 (DE3) pLysS
wild-type, mutants C303A and D316G are expressed in Escherichia coli
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
diagnostics
high level of inactive, non-processed caspase-2 together with caspase-3 is used as a predictor of survival and complete remission in adults with acute myeloblastic or lymphoblastic leukemias
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Wang, L.; Miura M.; Bergeron, L.; Zhu, H.; Yuan, J.
Ich-1, an Ice/ced-3-related gene, encodes both positive and negative regulators of programmed cell death
Cell
78
739-750
1994
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Xue, D.; Shaham, S.; Horvitz, H.R.
The Caenorhabditis elegans cell-death protein CED-3 is a cysteine protease with substrate specificities similar to those of the human CPP32 protease
Genes Dev.
10
1073-1083
1996
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhivotovsky, B.; Orrenius, S.
Caspase-2 function in response to DNA damage
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
331
859-867
2005
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Tyagi, A.; Singh, R.P.; Agarwal, C.; Agarwal, R.
Silibinin activates p53-caspase-2 pathway and causes caspase-mediated cleavage of Cip1/p21 in apoptosis induction in bladder transitional-cell papilloma RT4 cells: evidence for a regulatory loop between p53 and caspase-2
Carcinogenesis
27
2269-2280
2006
Homo sapiens (P42575), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shin, S.; Lee, Y.; Kim, W.; Ko, H.; Choi, H.; Kim, K.
Caspase-2 primes cancer cells for TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by processing procaspase-8
EMBO J.
24
3532-3542
2005
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Cheung, H.H.; Lynn Kelly, N.; Liston, P.; Korneluk, R.G.
Involvement of caspase-2 and caspase-9 in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis: a role for the IAPs
Exp. Cell Res.
312
2347-2357
2006
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ho, P.K.; Jabbour, A.M.; Ekert, P.G.; Hawkins, C.J.
Caspase-2 is resistant to inhibition by inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) and can activate caspase-7
FEBS J.
272
1401-1414
2005
Homo sapiens (P42575), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Cristobal, J.; Stockert, J.C.; Villanueva, A.; Rello-Varona, S.; Juarranz, A.; Canete, M.
Caspase-2: a possible trigger of apoptosis induced in A-549 tumor cells by ZnPc photodynamic treatment
Int. J. Oncol.
28
1057-1063
2006
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wagner, K.W.; Engels, I.H.; Deveraux, Q.L.
Caspase-2 can function upstream of bid cleavage in the TRAIL apoptosis pathway
J. Biol. Chem.
279
35047-35052
2004
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Enoksson, M.; Robertson, J.D.; Gogvadze, V.; Bu, P.; Kropotov, A.; Zhivotovsky, B.; Orrenius, S.
Caspase-2 permeabilizes the outer mitochondrial membrane and disrupts the binding of cytochrome c to anionic phospholipids
J. Biol. Chem.
279
49575-49578
2004
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Iwanaga, N.; Kamachi, M.; Aratake, K.; Izumi, Y.; Ida, H.; Tanaka, F.; Tamai, M.; Arima, K.; Nakamura, H.; Origuchi, T.; Kawakami, A.; Eguchi, K.
Regulation of alternative splicing of caspase-2 through an intracellular signaling pathway in response to pro-apoptotic stimuli
J. Lab. Clin. Med.
145
105-110
2005
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Logette, E.; Le Jossic-Corcos, C.; Masson, D.; Solier, S.; Sequeira-Legrand, A.; Dugail, I.; Lemaire-Ewing, S.; Desoche, L.; Solary, E.; Corcos, L.
Caspase-2, a novel lipid sensor under the control of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2
Mol. Cell. Biol.
25
9621-9631
2005
Homo sapiens (P42575), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Filomenko, R.; Prvotat, L.; Rb, C.; Cortier, M.; Jeannin, J.F.; Solary, E.; Bettaieb, A.
Caspase-10 involvement in cytotoxic drug-induced apoptosis of tumor cells
Oncogene
2006
1-11
2006
Homo sapiens (P42575)
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kitevska, T.; Spencer, D.M.; Hawkins, C.J.
Caspase-2: controversial killer or checkpoint controller?
Apoptosis
14
829-848
2009
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Tang, Y.; Wells, J.A.; Arkin, M.R.
Structural and enzymatic insights into caspase-2 protein substrate recognition and catalysis
J. Biol. Chem.
286
34147-34154
2011
Homo sapiens (P42575), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg, H.; Norberg, E.; Perdomo, A.B.; Olsson, M.; Ciccosanti, F.; Orrenius, S.; Fimia, G.M.; Piacentini, M.; Zhivotovsky, B.
Caspase-2 promotes cytoskeleton protein degradation during apoptotic cell death
Cell Death Dis.
4
e940
2013
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wejda, M.; Impens, F.; Takahashi, N.; Van Damme, P.; Gevaert, K.; Vandenabeele, P.
Degradomics reveals that cleavage specificity profiles of caspase-2 and effector caspases are alike
J. Biol. Chem.
287
33983-33995
2012
Homo sapiens (P42575), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Han, C.; Zhao, R.; Kroger, J.; Qu, M.; Wani, A.A.; Wang, Q.E.
Caspase-2 short isoform interacts with membrane-associated cytoskeleton proteins to inhibit apoptosis
PLoS ONE
8
e67033
2013
Homo sapiens (P42575)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Terry, M.; Arya, R.; Mukhopadhyay, A.; Berrett, K.; Clair, P.; Witt, B.; Salama, M.; Bhutkar, A.; Oliver, T.
Caspase-2 impacts lung tumorigenesis and chemotherapy response in vivo
Cell Death Differ.
22
719-730
2015
Homo sapiens (P42575), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhao, X.; Kotilinek, L.A.; Smith, B.; Hlynialuk, C.; Zahs, K.; Ramsden, M.; Cleary, J.; Ashe, K.H.
Caspase-2 cleavage of tau reversibly impairs memory
Nat. Med.
22
1268-1276
2016
Mus musculus (P29594), Homo sapiens (P42575), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team