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Information on EC 3.2.1.48 - sucrose alpha-glucosidase and Organism(s) Homo sapiens and UniProt Accession P14410

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
This enzyme is isolated from intestinal mucosa as a single polypeptide chain that also displays activity towards isomaltose (EC 3.2.1.10 oligo-1,6-glucosidase).
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This record set is specific for:
Homo sapiens
UNIPROT: P14410
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
sucrase-isomaltase, isomaltase, intestinal sucrase, sucrase isomaltase, sucrose hydrolase, sucrase/isomaltase, sucrose alpha-glucosidase, sucrose alpha-glucohydrolase, sucrase-isomaltase enzyme complex, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
sucrase-isomaltase
-
glucosidase, sucrose alpha-
-
-
-
-
intestinal sucrase
-
-
-
-
sucrase
-
-
-
-
sucrase isomaltase
-
-
sucrase-invertase
-
-
-
-
sucrase-isomaltase
sucrose alpha-glucohydrolase
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of O-glycosyl bond
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
sucrose-alpha-D-glucohydrolase
This enzyme is isolated from intestinal mucosa as a single polypeptide chain that also displays activity towards isomaltose (EC 3.2.1.10 oligo-1,6-glucosidase).
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
37288-39-4
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-glucose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
isomaltose + H2O
2 alpha-D-glucose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
isomaltose + H2O
2 D-glucose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
isomaltulose + H2O
alpha-D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
maltose + H2O
alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
show the reaction diagram
sucrose + H2O
alpha-D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
sucrose + H2O
D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
isomaltose + H2O
2 D-glucose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
maltose + H2O
2 glucose
show the reaction diagram
sucrose + H2O
alpha-D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
sucrose + H2O
D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
sucrose + H2O
alpha-D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
sucrose + H2O
D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
maltose + H2O
2 glucose
show the reaction diagram
sucrose + H2O
alpha-D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + H2O
D-glucose + D-fructose
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(+)-catechin
noncompetitive
(-)-epigallocatechin gallate
noncompetitive
acarbose
binding structure,overview
caffeic acid
noncompetitive
chlorogenic acid
noncompetitive
D-glucose
22% inhibition at 0.7 mM, glucose product inhibition regulates the activities of both enzyme SI subunits
gallic acid
noncompetitive
kotalanol
binding structure, strong structural conservation of -1 subsite residues, overview
2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol
-
-
2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol
-
-
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
-
-
Bis-Tris
-
-
castanospermine
-
no effect on the biosynthesis of sucrase
diethanolamine
-
-
Monoethanolamine
-
-
Scopolamine
-
i.e. hyoscine, is commonly used as an anticholinergic drug to relieve nausea, vomiting and dizziness of amotion sickness as well as recovery from anesthesia and surgery. It shows non-competitive inhibition at different concentrations of 0.6-3.6 mM
triethanolamine
-
-
Tris
-
concentration-dependent biphasic effect, first causing activation, fully competitive inhibition above pH 6.8, inhibition is stronger at alkaline pH values
additional information
-
rhesus monkey rotavirus impairs expression and activity of the brush border-associated enzyme in Caco-2 cells, the inhibition is not due to virus-induced, Ca2+-dependent disassembly of the F-actin cytoskeleton, but to a mechanism involving cAMP protein kinase A, PKA, EC 2.7.11.11, signalling and hyperphosphorylation of cytokeratin 18, the effect is antagonized by PKA blockers, e.g. H-89
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
D-glucose
-
2 mM
additional information
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1.3
4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucoside
pH 6.5, 37°C
11.1
isomaltose
pH 6.5, 37°C
1.55 - 7.1
maltose
15.6 - 19.6
sucrose
9 - 20
sucrose
additional information
additional information
-
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
17
4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucoside
pH 6.5, 37°C
97
isomaltose
pH 6.5, 37°C
137
maltose
pH 6.5, 37°C
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.014
acarbose
pH 6.5, 37°C
0.0006
kotalanol
pH 6.5, 37°C
0.6
Scopolamine
-
pH 8.0, 37°C
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
0.14
-
rhesus monkey rotavirus-infected Caco-2 cells
0.3
-
uninfected Caco-2 cells
2.32
-
-
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
6.2
assay at
6.5
assay at
6 - 6.5
-
-
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
4 - 7.8
-
pH 4, 35% of maximal activity, pH 7.8, 50% of maximal activity
7 - 8
-
assay at, 20% less activity at pH 8.0 compared to pH 7.0
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
37
-
assay at
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
the enzyme is sorted with high fidelity to the apical membrane via O-linked glycans that mediate its association with lipid rafts or detergent-resistant membranes
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
-
congenital enzyme deficiency results in a transport block and retention of the enzyme of the brush border enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum/cis-Golgi intermediate compartment and the cis-Golgi, probably the quality control system is involved in retention induced by a retention signal or folding determinant, i.e. the extracellular folding motif F1093-X-F1095-X-X-X-F1099, of the temperature-sensitive Q1098P mutant enzyme
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
evolution
the enzyme belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 31 (GH31). All GH31 enzymes share a consensus sequence harboring an aspartic acid residue as a catalytic nucleophile
malfunction
metabolism
sucrase-isomaltase (SI) catalyzes the final step of carbohydrate digestion by breaking disaccharides and oligosaccharides to absorbable monosaccharides
physiological function
sucrase-isomaltase (SI, EC 3.2.1.48 and 3.2.1.10) is an intestinal membrane-associated alpha-glucosidase that breaks down di- and oligosaccharides to absorbable monosaccharides. The enzyme has two homologous functional subunits (sucrase and isomaltase) that both belong to the glycoside hydrolase family 31 (GH31) and differ in substrate specificity. Glucose product inhibition regulates the activities of both SI subunits
physiological function
-
core2 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-2 knockdown significantly reduces cell surface expression of sucrase isomaltase and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in Caco-2 cells. Overexpression of the core3 structure in HT-29 cells attenuates cell surface expression of both enzymes
additional information
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
SUIS_HUMAN
1827
1
209453
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
130000
-
gel filtration, density gradient, equilibrium centrifugation, sucrase subunit
145000
-
1 * 145000, sucrase + 1* 151000, isomaltase
220000
-
ultracentrifugation analysis, mature complex precursor
245000
-
fully glycosylated enzyme in the Golgi apparatus
280000
-
gel filtration, density gradient equilibrium centrifugation, human, sucrase-isomaltase complex
additional information
-
The enzyme complex is a pseudo-dimeric assembly of a correctly folded and an enzymatically active pro-SI. The sucrase subunit functions as an intramolecular chaperone implicated in the folding of isomaltase subunit. After acquisition of a correct folding in the sucrase subunit this mature form binds tightly to the isomaltase, disrupting its interaction with calnexin. The consequence is that the isomaltase subunit acquires correct folding and sucrase subunit is no longer secreted into the external milieu.
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dimer
additional information
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
glycoprotein
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
free enzyme and enzyme in complex with the inhibitor kotalanol, hanging drop vapor diffusion method, 0.001 ml of reservoir solution containing 0.5 M NaCl, 0.1 M bis tris propane, pH 7.0, and 18% PEG 4000, is equilibrated over 0.0015 ml of protein solution and 0.003 ml of reservoir solution, containing 0.1 M MgCl2, 0.1 M bis tris propane, pH 7.0, 15% PEG 4000, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis at 3.2 and 2.15 A resolution, respectively, molecular replacement
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
D1394E
D1500E
site-directed mutagenesis of a catalytic residue, the mutant shows reduced maltase activity compared to wild-type
D1500N
D1500S
site-directed mutagenesis of a catalytic residue, the mutant shows reduced maltase activity compared to wild-type
D1500Y
D1700S
about 95% decrease in hydrolysis of sucrose, about 40% decrease in hydrolysis of maltose, about 30% increase in hydrolysis of isomaltulose
D505E
D604E
site-directed mutagenesis of a catalytic residue, the mutant shows reduced maltase activity compared to wild-type
D604N
D604S
D604Y
V15F
35% reduced enzymatic activity in vitro compared with wild-type enzyme. The mutation is detected in 6/7 sequenced familial cases of congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency
C1229Y
-
heterozygous mutation within the sucrose domain, found in patients with congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Recombinant mutant protein is transported only to the Golgi apparatus. Isomaltase activity is not affected by the mutation
F1093A/F1095A/F1099A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, mutation of the extracellular folding signal motif, CSID-phenotype II-like temperature-sensitive mutant enzyme which undergoes transport arrest in the endoplasmic reticulum/cis-Golgi intermediate and cis-Golgi compartments and acquires correct folding and function at reduced temperatures as a consequence of anterograde and retrograde transport between endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi, overview
F1745C
-
heterozygous mutation within the sucrose domain, found in patients with congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Recombinant mutant protein is misfolded and can not exit the endoplasmic reticulum. Isomaltase activity is not affected by the mutation
G1073D
-
heterozygous mutation found in patients with congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Recombinant mutant protein is misfolded and can not exit the endoplasmic reticulum
Q1098P
V577G
-
heterozygous mutation found in patients with congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Recombinant mutant protein is misfolded and can not exit the endoplasmic reticulum
additional information
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-20°C
-
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression in Drosophila S2 cells
expression of enzyme variants in COS-1 cells
gene SI, sequence comparisons, recominant expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in COS-1 cells
recombinant expression in a baculovirus-Sf9 insect cell system
expression of fluorescence-labeled wild-type and mutant enzymes in COS-1 cells
-
expression of the cDNA constructs encoding the sucrase and isomaltase domains in transfected cells
-
transfection in COS-1 cells
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
medicine
-
sucrase-isomaltase SI is a marker enzyme of the absorptive villose cells in adult small intestine, human intestinal sucrase-isomaltase help develop a specific inhibitor of sucrase, to retard the absorption of sucrose in the intestinal tract of diabetic patients
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Trugnan, G.; Rousset, M.; Zweibaum, A.
Castanospermine: a potent inhibitor of sucrase from the human enterocyte-like cell line Caco-2
FEBS Lett.
195
28-32
1986
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Conklin, K.A.; Yamashiro, K.M.; Gray, G.M.
Human intestinal sucrase-isomaltase. Identification of free sucrase and isomaltase and cleavage of the hybrid into active distinct subunits
J. Biol. Chem.
250
5735-5741
1975
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Beaulieu, J.F.; Weiser, M.M.; Herrera, L.; Quaroni, A.
Detection and characterization of sucrase-isomaltase in adult human colon and in colonic polyps
Gastroenterology
98
1467-1477
1990
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Fransen, J.A.M.; Hauri, H.P.; Ginsel, L.A.; Naim, H.Y.
Naturally occuring mutations in intestinal sucrase-isomaltase provide evidence for the existence of an intracellular sorting signal in the isomaltase subunit
J. Cell Biol.
115
45-47
1991
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kano, T.; Usami, Y.; Adachi, T.; Tatematsu, M.; Hirano, K.
Inhibition of purified human sucrase and isomaltase by ethanolamine derivatives
Biol. Pharm. Bull.
19
341-344
1996
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Jacob, R.; Purschel, B.; Naim, H.Y.
Sucrase is an intramolecular chaperone located at the C-terminal end of the sucrase-isomaltase enzyme complex
J. Biol. Chem.
277
32141-32148
2002
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Proepsting, M.J.; Jacob, R.; Naim, H.Y.
A glutamine to proline exchange at amino acid residue 1098 in sucrase causes a temperature-sensitive arrest of sucrase-isomaltase in the endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi
J. Biol. Chem.
278
16310-16314
2003
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gu, N.; Suzuki, N.; Takeda, J.; Adachi, T.; Tsujimoto, G.; Aoki, N.; Ishihara, A.; Tsuda, K.; Yasuda, K.
Effect of mutations in HNF-1alpha and HNF-1beta on the transcriptional regulation of human sucrase-isomaltase in Caco-2 cells
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
325
308-313
2004
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Martin-Latil, S.; Cotte-Laffitte, J.; Beau, I.; Quero, A.M.; Geniteau-Legendre, M.; Servin, A.L.
A cyclic AMP protein kinase A-dependent mechanism by which rotavirus impairs the expression and enzyme activity of brush border-associated sucrase-isomaltase in differentiated intestinal Caco-2 cells
Cell. Microbiol.
6
719-731
2004
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Proepsting, M.J.; Kanapin, H.; Jacob, R.; Naim, H.Y.
A phenylalanine-based folding determinant in intestinal sucrase-isomaltase that functions in the context of a quality control mechanism beyond the endoplasmic reticulum
J. Cell Sci.
118
2775-2784
2005
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gu, N.; Adachi, T.; Takeda, J.; Aoki, N.; Tsujimoto, G.; Ishihara, A.; Tsuda, K.; Yasuda, K.
Sucrase-isomaltase gene expression is inhibited by mutant hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1alpha and mutant HNF-1beta in Caco-2 cells
J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol.
52
105-112
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gu, N.; Adachi, T.; Matsunaga, T.; Tsujimoto, G.; Ishihara, A.; Yasuda, K.; Tsuda, K.
HNF-1alpha participates in glucose regulation of sucrase-isomaltase gene expression in epithelial intestinal cells
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
353
617-622
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Naumoff, D.G.
Structure and evolution of the mammalian maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase genes
Mol. Biol.
41
962-973
2007
Homo sapiens (P14410)
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Alfalah, M.; Keiser, M.; Leeb, T.; Zimmer, K.P.; Naim, H.Y.
Compound heterozygous mutations affect protein folding and function in patients with congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency
Gastroenterology
136
883-892
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wetzel, G.; Heine, M.; Rohwedder, A.; Naim, H.Y.
Impact of glycosylation and detergent-resistant membranes on the function of intestinal sucrase-isomaltase
Biol. Chem.
390
545-549
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sim, L.; Willemsma, C.; Mohan, S.; Naim, H.Y.; Pinto, B.M.; Rose, D.R.
Structural basis for substrate selectivity in human maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase N-terminal domains
J. Biol. Chem.
285
17763-17770
2010
Homo sapiens (P14410), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Minai-Tehrani, D.; Fooladi, N.; Minoui, S.; Sobhani-Damavandifar, Z.; Aavani, T.; Heydarzadeh, S.; Attar, F.; Ghaffari, M.; Nazem, H.
Structural changes and inhibition of sucrase after binding of scopolamine
Eur. J. Pharmacol.
635
23-26
2010
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lee, S.H.; Yu, S.Y.; Nakayama, J.; Khoo, K.H.; Stone, E.L.; Fukuda, M.N.; Marth, J.D.; Fukuda, M.
Core2 O-glycan structure is essential for the cell surface expression of sucrase isomaltase and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV during intestinal cell differentiation
J. Biol. Chem.
285
37683-37692
2010
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Henstroem, M.; Diekmann, L.; Bonfiglio, F.; Hadizadeh, F.; Kuech, E.M.; von Koeckritz-Blickwede, M.; Thingholm, L.B.; Zheng, T.; Assadi, G.; Dierks, C.; Heine, M.; Philipp, U.; Distl, O.; Money, M.E.; Belheouane, M.; Heinsen, F.A.; Rafter, J.; Nardone, G.; Cuomo, R.; Usai-Satta, P.; Galeazzi, F.; Ne, N.e.r.
Functional variants in the sucrase-isomaltase gene associate with increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome
Gut
67
263-270
2018
Homo sapiens (P14410), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Simsek, M.; Quezada-Calvillo, R.; Ferruzzi, M.G.; Nichols, B.L.; Hamaker, B.R.
Dietary phenolic compounds selectively inhibit the individual subunits of maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase with the potential of modulating glucose release
J. Agric. Food Chem.
63
3873-3879
2015
Mus musculus (B5THE3), Mus musculus, Homo sapiens (P14410), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gericke, B.; Schecker, N.; Amiri, M.; Naim, H.Y.
Structure-function analysis of human sucrase-isomaltase identifies key residues required for catalytic activity
J. Biol. Chem.
292
11070-11078
2017
Homo sapiens (P14410), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team