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Information on EC 3.1.4.11 - phosphoinositide phospholipase C and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession Q944C2
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3.1.4.11 phosphoinositide phospholipase CIUBMB Comments
These enzymes form some of the cyclic phosphate Ins(cyclic1,2)P(4,5)P2 as well as Ins(1,4,5)P3. They show activity towards phosphatidylinositol, i.e., the activity of EC 4.6.1.13, phosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase, in vitro at high [Ca2+]. Four beta-isoforms regulated by G-proteins, two gamma-forms regulated by tyrosine kinases, four delta-forms regulated at least in part by calcium and an epsilon-form, probably regulated by the oncogene ras, have been found.
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Word Map
- 3.1.4.11
- diacylglycerol
- phospholipid
- pkc
- agonist
- isozymes
- 1,4,5-trisphosphate
-
gpi-anchored
- platelet
- 3-kinase
- phosphatidylcholine
- pertussis
- syk
- g-proteins
- egf
-
phosphatidic
-
platelet-derived
-
muscarinic
- thuringiensis
-
tyrosine-phosphorylated
- trisphosphate
-
glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol
-
glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored
-
3hinositol
- grb2
- carbachol
- phosphotyrosine
- gbetagamma
-
phosphatidylcholine-specific
-
ptdins4,5p2
-
gpi-linked
-
phototransduction
- inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate
- galphaq
- 1,2-diacylglycerol
-
pdgf-induced
-
bruton
- insp3
-
sperm-specific
- vav
-
decay-accelerating
- fcepsilonri
- phosphatidylethanol
-
itams
-
toxin-insensitive
- alphaiibbeta3
-
tcr-mediated
-
rasgap
-
p56lck
-
tcr-induced
-
gbeta
- drug development
- medicine
- food industry
- pharmacology
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
pi-plc, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c, plc-gamma, plc-gamma1, plcgamma1, plc-beta, plcgamma, phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c, plcgamma2, phospholipase c-gamma1, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
AtPLC5
shown in vitro phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activities
1-phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate inositoltrisphosphohydrolase
-
-
-
-
1-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase
-
-
-
-
AtPLC1
shown in vitro phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activities
AtPLC2
shown in vitro phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activities
AtPLC3
shown in vitro phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activities
AtPLC4
AtPLC6
contain necessary domains for active phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and is most likely active
AtPLC7
contain necessary domains for active phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and is most likely active
No receptor potential A protein
-
-
-
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phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase
-
-
-
-
phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase
-
-
-
-
phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phospholipase C
-
-
-
-
phosphodiesterase, triphosphoinositide
-
-
-
-
phosphoinositidase C
-
-
-
-
phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C
phospholipase C
-
-
-
-
phosphotidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-specific phospholipase C
-
-
-
-
PI-PLC
PIC
-
-
-
-
PIP2 PDE
-
-
-
-
PIP2 phosphodiesterase
-
-
-
-
PIPLC
-
-
-
-
PLC
-
-
-
-
PLC-148
-
-
-
-
PLC-154
-
-
-
-
PLC-85
-
-
-
-
polyphosphoinositide phospholipase C
-
-
-
-
PtdIns(4,5)P2-directed phospholipase C
-
-
-
-
triphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase
-
-
-
-
AtPLC4
shown in vitro phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activities
phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of phosphoric ester
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate inositoltrisphosphohydrolase
These enzymes form some of the cyclic phosphate Ins(cyclic1,2)P(4,5)P2 as well as Ins(1,4,5)P3. They show activity towards phosphatidylinositol, i.e., the activity of EC 4.6.1.13, phosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase, in vitro at high [Ca2+]. Four beta-isoforms regulated by G-proteins, two gamma-forms regulated by tyrosine kinases, four delta-forms regulated at least in part by calcium and an epsilon-form, probably regulated by the oncogene ras, have been found.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37213-51-7
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphate + diacylglycerol
-
-
-
-
?
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + diacylglycerol
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + diacylglycerol
-
-
-
-
?
phosphatidylinositol + H2O
myo-inositol 1-phosphate + diacylglycerol
60-350times lower specific activity than with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
-
?
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + diacylglycerol
-
-
-
?
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + diacylglycerol
-
-
-
-
?
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + diacylglycerol
AtPLC2, preferred substrate, N-terminal EF-hand-like domain is required for catalytic activity but not for lipid binding
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AtPLC1S is involved in stress responses, AtPLC2 not
-
?
additional information
?
-
AtPLC2 is constitutively expressed
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AtPLC2 is constitutively expressed
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphate + diacylglycerol
-
-
-
-
?
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + diacylglycerol
-
-
-
-
?
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + H2O
1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + diacylglycerol
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AtPLC1S is involved in stress responses, AtPLC2 not
-
?
additional information
?
-
AtPLC2 is constitutively expressed
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AtPLC2 is constitutively expressed
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Ca2+
Ca2+
AtPLC2 requires low micromolar levels of Ca2+, maximal phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis at 0.001 mM free Ca2+, hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol requires higher Ca2+ concentrations
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
-
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
additional information
-
AtPLC is induced in response to salt, abscisic acid, cold and dehydration. Relative expression levels of AtPLC gene family in response to environmental stimuli is shown
-
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
60-350times higher specific activity with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate than with phosphatidylinositol as substrate
additional information
-
60-350times higher specific activity with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate than with phosphatidylinositol as substrate
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
-
-
-
-
-
constitutive expression of AtPLC2 in vegetative and floral tissues
-
-
constitutive expression of AtPLC2 in vegetative and floral tissues
-
AtPLC3 expresses to higher transcript levels in leaves and stems as compared to flowers and roots
-
-
-
AtPLC1 is expressed at higher levels in stems than in the other organs
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
physiological function
malfunction
-
phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C 4 mutant seedlings are hyposensitive to salt stress
malfunction
-
plc2 mutants display multiple auxin-defective phenotypes in root development, including short primary root, impaired root gravitropism, and inhibited root hair growth
physiological function
-
phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C 4 negatively regulates seedling salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and positively regulates the salt-induced Ca2+ increase
physiological function
-
phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C2 is the primary phospholipase in phosphoinositide metabolism and is involved in seedling growth and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function
-
the enzyme plays a central role in regulating early events downstream of immune-receptor activation
physiological function
-
the enzyme plays a critical role in auxin-mediated root development in Arabidopsis, in which it influences the polar distribution of the auxin efflux protein PIN2
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). PLCD5_ARATH
578
0
66253
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 5)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
66142
x * 95000, recombinant GST-AtPLC2, SDS-PAGE, x * 66142, AtPLC2, calculated from the amino acid sequence
95000
x * 95000, recombinant GST-AtPLC2, SDS-PAGE, x * 66142, AtPLC2, calculated from the amino acid sequence
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
?
x * 95000, recombinant GST-AtPLC2, SDS-PAGE, x * 66142, AtPLC2, calculated from the amino acid sequence
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
analysis of N-terminal deletion mutants of AtPLC2
additional information
-
analysis of N-terminal deletion mutants of AtPLC2
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
nine AtPLC genes, they are induced in response to various environmental stimuli, including cold, salt, nutrients Murashige-Skoog salts, dehydration, and the plant hormone abscisic acid
AtPLC2, full-length and deletion variants, expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)pLys
nine AtPLC genes, they are induced in response to various environmental stimuli, including cold, salt, nutrients Murashige-Skoog salts, dehydration, and the plant hormone abscisic acid
the first 108 amino acid residues of the N-terminal of AtPLC4, referred to as AtPLC4 N, is expressed as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli and used as antigen in generating antibody
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Otterhag, L.; Sommarin, M.; Pical, C.
N-terminal EF-hand-like domain is required for phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activity in Arabidopsis thaliana
FEBS Lett.
497
165-170
2001
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q39033), Arabidopsis thaliana
Rebecchi, M.J.; Pentyala, S.N.
Structure, function, and control of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C
Physiol. Rev.
80
1291-1335
2000
Arabidopsis thaliana, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Dictyostelium discoideum, Drosophila sp. (in: flies), Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae PLC1p
Cao, Z.; Zhang, J.; Li, Y.; Xu, X.; Liu, G.; Bhattacharrya, M.K.; Yang, H.; Ren, D.
Preparation of polyclonal antibody specific for AtPLC4, an Arabidopsis phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C in rabbits
Protein Expr. Purif.
52
306-312
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q944C1), Arabidopsis thaliana
Tasma, I.M.; Brendel, V.; Whitham, S.A.; Bhattacharyya, M.K.
Expression and evolution of the phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana
Plant Physiol. Biochem.
46
627-637
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q39032), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q39033), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q56W08), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q6NMA7), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8GV43), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q944C1), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q944C2), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LY51), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9STZ3), Arabidopsis thaliana
Abd-El-Haliem, A.M.; Joosten, M.H.
Plant phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C at the center of plant innate immunity
J. Integr. Plant Biol.
59
164-179
2017
Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus, Citrus limon, Glycine max, Medicago sativa, Solanum lycopersicum, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Rubia tinctorum, Nicotiana benthamiana, Capsicum chinense
Xia, K.; Wang, B.; Zhang, J.; Li, Y.; Yang, H.; Ren, D.
Arabidopsis phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C 4 negatively regulates seedling salt tolerance
Plant Cell Environ.
40
1317-1331
2017
Arabidopsis thaliana
Chen, X.; Li, L.; Xu, B.; Zhao, S.; Lu, P.; He, Y.; Ye, T.; Feng, Y.Q.; Wu, Y.
Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C2 functions in auxin-modulated root development
Plant Cell Environ.
42
1441-1457
2019
Arabidopsis thaliana
Kanehara, K.; Yu, C.Y.; Cho, Y.; Cheong, W.F.; Torta, F.; Shui, G.; Wenk, M.R.; Nakamura, Y.
Arabidopsis AtPLC2 is a primary phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C in phosphoinositide metabolism and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response
PLoS Genet.
11
e1005511
2015
Arabidopsis thaliana
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