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Information on EC 2.7.12.2 - mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase and Organism(s) Xenopus laevis and UniProt Accession Q05116

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
This enzyme is a dual-specific protein kinase and requires mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) for activation. It is required for activation of EC 2.7.11.24, mitogen-activated protein kinase. Phosphorylation of MEK1 by Raf involves phosphorylation of two serine residues . Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways are among the most widespread mechanisms of cellular regulation. Mammalian MAPK pathways can be recruited by a wide variety of stimuli including hormones (e.g. insulin and growth hormone), mitogens (e.g. epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor), vasoactive peptides (e.g. angiotensin-II and endothelin), inflammatory cytokines of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family and environmental stresses such as osmotic shock, ionizing radiation and ischaemic injury.
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This record set is specific for:
Xenopus laevis
UNIPROT: Q05116
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Xenopus laevis
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
hide
ATP
+
a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine)
=
ADP
+
a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) phosphate
+
a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine)
=
+
a [protein]-(L-serine/L-threonine) phosphate
Synonyms
mek/erk, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, map kinase kinase, mapkk, mek-1, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, mapk/erk kinase, map2k4, erk 1, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1
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MAP kinase kinase 4
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mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4
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-
additional information
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the enzyme belongs to the MKK familly
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKKK-activated)
This enzyme is a dual-specific protein kinase and requires mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) for activation. It is required for activation of EC 2.7.11.24, mitogen-activated protein kinase. Phosphorylation of MEK1 by Raf involves phosphorylation of two serine residues [5]. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways are among the most widespread mechanisms of cellular regulation. Mammalian MAPK pathways can be recruited by a wide variety of stimuli including hormones (e.g. insulin and growth hormone), mitogens (e.g. epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor), vasoactive peptides (e.g. angiotensin-II and endothelin), inflammatory cytokines of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family and environmental stresses such as osmotic shock, ionizing radiation and ischaemic injury.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
142805-58-1
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + MAP kinase
ADP + phosphorylated MAP kinase
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
ATP + protein
ADP + phosphoprotein
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
-
substrate binding via the D-domain of the MKK
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-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + protein
ADP + phosphoprotein
show the reaction diagram
the enzyme functions as a direct upstream activator for a presumed MAP kinase homolog in each signal transduction pathway involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression or cellular responses to extracellular signals
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-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
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MKKs are activated by phopshorylation through MKKKs, activation mechanism of MKK4 involving MEKK1, overview
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
SwissProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
MP2K1_XENLA
395
0
43742
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
45000
x * 45000
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
phosphoprotein
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MKKs are activated by phopshorylation through MKKKs, e.g. MEKK, MLK, TAK1, Ask1, or TPL2, MKK4 is phopshorylated at serine and threonine residues in the SIAKT motif
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
bacterial expression
MKK4 or XMEK2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Kosako, H.; Nishida, E.; Gotoh, Y.
cDNA cloning of MAP kinase kinase reveals kinase cascade pathways in yeasts to vertebrates
EMBO J.
12
787-794
1993
Xenopus laevis (Q05116)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Whitmarsh, A.J.; Davis, R.J.
Role of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 in cancer
Oncogene
26
3172-3184
2007
Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens (O14733), Homo sapiens (P45985), Mus musculus, Mus musculus (P47809), Mus musculus (Q8CE90), Rattus norvegicus, Xenopus laevis
Manually annotated by BRENDA team