Involved in synthesis of membrane phospholipids and the neutral lipid triacylglycerol. Activity is stimulated by certain phospholipids [4,7]. In plants and animals the product 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate is an important second messenger. cf. EC 2.7.1.174, diacylglycerol kinase (CTP).
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
ATP + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = ADP + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
C-terminal active site comprises residues 371-501, the C1 domain is absolutely required for catalytic activity, residues Asp434, Asp650, Asp465, and Asp497 are involved
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
ATP:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphotransferase
Involved in synthesis of membrane phospholipids and the neutral lipid triacylglycerol. Activity is stimulated by certain phospholipids [4,7]. In plants and animals the product 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate is an important second messenger. cf. EC 2.7.1.174, diacylglycerol kinase (CTP).
activation of phospholipids in the order of decreasing efficiency: phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin
activation of phospholipids in the order of decreasing efficiency: phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin
activation of phospholipids in the order of decreasing efficiency: phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin
enhances activity. Activation of phospholipids in the order of decreasing efficiency: phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin
activation of phospholipids in the order of decreasing efficiency: phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin
activation of phospholipids in the order of decreasing efficiency: phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin
10-20 mol% result in 7.5-7.8fold activation of the recombinant wild-type enzyme, 3.8fold of the recombinant mutant DELTA196, and 6.5fold of the recombinant mutant DELTA332
comprehensive analysis on the 1-monoacylglycerol kinase (1-MGK) and 2-monoacylglycerol kinase (2-MGK) activities, EC 2.7.1.94, of ten diacylglyceol kinase (DGK) isozymes, EC 2.7.1.107, from different organisms. Type I (alpha, beta, and gamma), type II (delta, eta, and kappa) and type III (epsilon) DGKs have 7.9-19.2% 2-MGK activity compared to their DGK activities, whereas their 1-MGK activities are below 3.0%. Both the 1-MGK and 2-MGK activities of the type IV DGKs (zeta and iota) are below 1% relative to their DGK activities. Type V DGKtheta has approximately 6% 1-MGK activity and below 2% 2-MGK activity compared to its DGK activity. Purified DGKtheta exhibits the same results, indicating that its 1-MGK activity is intrinsic. DGK isozymes are categorized into three types with respect to their 1-MGK and 2-MGK activities: those having (1) 2-MGK activity relatively stronger than their 1-MGK activity (types I-III), (2) only negligible 1-MGK and 2-MGK activities (type IV), and (3) 1-MGK activity stronger than its 2-MGK activity (type V). The 1-MGK activity of DGKtheta and the 2-MGK activity of DGKalpha are stronger than those of the acylglycerol kinase reported as 1-MGK and 2-MGK to date
isoform DGKalpha positively regulates tumor nuclear factor-alpha-dependent necrosis factor-kappaB activation via the protein kinase Czeta-mediated Ser311 phosphorylation of p65/RelA, isoform DGKalpha does not affect phosphorylation of IkappaB, DGKalpha enhances phosphorylation of p65 at Ser311 but not at Ser468 or Ser536
DGKs broadly regulate signaling events by virtue of their ability to provide 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid) for the synthesis of phosphatidylinositols
construction of deletion mutants DELTA196, lacking the RVH motif and the EF hand, and DELTA332, lacking the RVH motif, the EF hand, and the C1 domain, mutant DELTA332 shows 50% of wild-type activity
expression of wild-type and deletion mutant enzymes in COS-1 cells, expression of wild-type and point mutant enzymes in the enzyme-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain WY294
Site-directed mutagenesis of the active site of diacylglycerol kinase alpha: calcium and phosphatidylserine stimulate enzyme activity via distinct mechanisms
Distinct 1-monoacylglycerol and 2-monoacylglycerol kinase activities of diacylglycerol kinase isozymes
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1864
1170-1176
2016
Homo sapiens (O75912), Homo sapiens (P49619), Homo sapiens (P52429), Homo sapiens (P52824), Homo sapiens (Q13574), Homo sapiens (Q16760), Homo sapiens (Q5KSL6), Homo sapiens (Q86XP1), Sus scrofa (P20192), Rattus norvegicus (P68403)