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Information on EC 2.5.1.87 - ditrans,polycis-polyprenyl diphosphate synthase [(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate specific] and Organism(s) Saccharomyces cerevisiae and UniProt Accession Q03175
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2.5.1.87 ditrans,polycis-polyprenyl diphosphate synthase [(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate specific]IUBMB Comments
The enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of dolichol (a long-chain polyprenol) with a saturated alpha-isoprene unit, which serves as a glycosyl carrier in protein glycosylation . The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two different enzymes that catalyse this reaction. Rer2p synthesizes a well-defined family of polyprenols of 13--18 isoprene residues with dominating C(80) (16 isoprene residues) extending to C(120), while Srt1p synthesizes mainly polyprenol with 22 isoprene subunits. Largest Srt1p products reach C(290) . The enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana catalyses the formation of polyprenyl diphosphates with predominant carbon number C(120) .
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Word Map
- 2.5.1.87
- dolichols
- cis-prenyltransferase
- pigmentosa
- dehydrodolichol
-
jewish
-
nogos
-
myoclonus
-
ashkenazi
- npc2
- polyprenols
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
dhdds, nogo-b receptor, rer2p, tk-idsb, srt1p, slcpt3, dedol-pp synthase, cis-ptase, dedolpp synthase, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
RER2
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate cistransferase (adding 1055 isopentenyl units)
The enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of dolichol (a long-chain polyprenol) with a saturated alpha-isoprene unit, which serves as a glycosyl carrier in protein glycosylation [1]. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two different enzymes that catalyse this reaction. Rer2p synthesizes a well-defined family of polyprenols of 13--18 isoprene residues with dominating C(80) (16 isoprene residues) extending to C(120), while Srt1p synthesizes mainly polyprenol with 22 isoprene subunits. Largest Srt1p products reach C(290) [2]. The enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana catalyses the formation of polyprenyl diphosphates with predominant carbon number C(120) [4].
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 19 isopentenyl diphosphate
19 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-docosaprenyl diphosphate
-
dominating polyprenol with 22 isoprene residues, Srt1p products reaching C290 indicate the failure of a strict bacterial-like chain length control
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 13 isopentenyl diphosphate
13 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 14 isopentenyl diphosphate
14 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-heptadecaprenyl diphosphate
-
di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-heptadecaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate
5 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 6 isopentenyl diphosphate
6 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + n isopentenyl diphosphate
n diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-polyprenyl diphosphate
-
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + n isopentenyl diphosphate
n diphosphate + ditrans,polycis-polyprenyl diphosphate (n: 10-55)
-
-
-
-
-
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 13 isopentenyl diphosphate
13 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate
-
di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-heptadecaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 13 isopentenyl diphosphate
13 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate
Rer2p Z-prenyltransferase synthesizes a well-defined family of polyprenols of 1318 isoprene residues with dominating C80 (16 isoprene residues) extending to C120. Two polyisoprenoid families with dominating C80 and C110 indicating the activity of both yeast Z-prenyltransferases Rer2p and Srt1p, respectively. The family of longer chain dolichols appearing in the stationary growth phase contains dolichols with even more than 50 isoprene units exhibiting monotonically decreasing amounts with increasing chain lengths. The family of shorter chain dolichols is characteristic of the Rer2p products synthesized during the logarithmic growth phase of yeast. It forms a well-defined family of dolichols with 1318 isoprene residues with a certain level of longer dolichols composed of up to 24 isoprene units
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 13 isopentenyl diphosphate
13 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate
Rer2p Z-prenyltransferase synthesizes a well-defined family of polyprenols of 1318 isoprene residues with dominating C80 (16 isoprene residues) extending to C120
-
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate
5 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate
-
di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate
5 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate
the polyprenol product of Srt1p is longer in chain length than that of Rer2p and is not sufficiently converted to dolichol and dolichyl phosphate, unlike that of Rer2p
di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 6 isopentenyl diphosphate
6 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate
-
di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 6 isopentenyl diphosphate
6 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate
the polyprenol product of Srt1p is longer in chain length than that of Rer2p and is not sufficiently converted to dolichol and dolichyl phosphate, unlike that of Rer2p
di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 19 isopentenyl diphosphate
19 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-docosaprenyl diphosphate
-
dominating polyprenol with 22 isoprene residues, Srt1p products reaching C290 indicate the failure of a strict bacterial-like chain length control
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 13 isopentenyl diphosphate
13 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 14 isopentenyl diphosphate
14 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-heptadecaprenyl diphosphate
-
di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-heptadecaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate
5 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate
the polyprenol product of Srt1p is longer in chain length than that of Rer2p and is not sufficiently converted to dolichol and dolichyl phosphate, unlike that of Rer2p
di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 6 isopentenyl diphosphate
6 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate
the polyprenol product of Srt1p is longer in chain length than that of Rer2p and is not sufficiently converted to dolichol and dolichyl phosphate, unlike that of Rer2p
di-trans,poly-cis-octaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-nonaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + n isopentenyl diphosphate
n diphosphate + ditrans,polycis-polyprenyl diphosphate (n: 10-55)
-
-
-
-
-
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 13 isopentenyl diphosphate
13 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate
-
di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate and di-trans,poly-cis-heptadecaprenyl diphosphate are the main products
-
?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 13 isopentenyl diphosphate
13 diphosphate + di-trans,poly-cis-hexadecaprenyl diphosphate
Rer2p Z-prenyltransferase synthesizes a well-defined family of polyprenols of 1318 isoprene residues with dominating C80 (16 isoprene residues) extending to C120. Two polyisoprenoid families with dominating C80 and C110 indicating the activity of both yeast Z-prenyltransferases Rer2p and Srt1p, respectively. The family of longer chain dolichols appearing in the stationary growth phase contains dolichols with even more than 50 isoprene units exhibiting monotonically decreasing amounts with increasing chain lengths. The family of shorter chain dolichols is characteristic of the Rer2p products synthesized during the logarithmic growth phase of yeast. It forms a well-defined family of dolichols with 1318 isoprene residues with a certain level of longer dolichols composed of up to 24 isoprene units
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.4
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Srt1p resides mostly in lipid particles
-
localized to the continuous endoplasmic reticulum and some dots associated with the endoplasmic reticulum
peripheral but tightly associated membrane protein, localized to a subregion of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane that is specialized for dolichol synthesis
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
rer2 mutant is defective in both N- and O-linked glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum, the rer2 mutant is deficient in the activity of cis-prenyltransferase, a key enzyme of dolichol synthesis
physiological function
physiological function
involved in biosynthesis of dolichol (a long-chain polyprenol with a saturated alpha-isoprene unit, which serves as a glycosyl carrier in protein glycosylation). Of the two isozymes, Rer2p and Srt1p, isoenzyme Rer2p is responsible for the main activity of the wild-type cells, and the expression of RER2 is highest in the early logarithmic phase when the cells are actively dividing
physiological function
over-expression of SRT1 suppresses the growth and glycosylation defects of rer2. SRT1 has only a minor contribution to total cis-prenyltransferase activity under normal conditions
physiological function
RER2 encodes a key enzyme of dolichol synthesis
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
on the basis of Escherichia coli undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase crystallographic structure the yeast Rer2p model is constructed. In the model three amino acid residues inserted into the sequence corresponding to the floor region of the tunnel extends the bottom loop what results in the required increase of the tunnel volume. Thermal fluctuations of this loop occasionally create a hole in the tunnel floor, making escape of polyprenol omega end out of the tunnel possible what switches off the control mechanism of product length thereby allowing a practically unlimited elongation process leading to an exponential distribution of longer chain polyprenols
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
generation a triple deletion strain, nus1DELTA/rer2DELTA/srt1DELTA, expressing the homomeric cis-PTase from Giardia lamblia (GlcisPT), GlcisPT on a plasmid with a URA3 marker, to support growth, functional complementation by recombinant expression of active human and Schizosaccharomyces pombe enzymes
additional information
-
generation a triple deletion strain, nus1DELTA/rer2DELTA/srt1DELTA, expressing the homomeric cis-PTase from Giardia lamblia (GlcisPT), GlcisPT on a plasmid with a URA3 marker, to support growth, functional complementation by recombinant expression of active human and Schizosaccharomyces pombe enzymes
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
over-expression of SRT1 suppresses the growth and glycosylation defects of rer2
when GFP-RER2 is over-expressed under the TDH3 promoter in DELTArer2, a continuous endioplasmic reticulum pattern and some dots associated with the endoplasmic reticulum are observed in the early logarithmic phase
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Srt1p is expressed in stationary phase with dominating polyprenol with 22 isoprene residues
Rer2p is active in logarithmic phase, with dominating polyprenol with 16 isoprene residues
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Poznanski, J.; Szkopinska, A.
Precise bacterial polyprenol length control fails in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Biopolymers
86
155-164
2007
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P35196), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Q03175), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Sato, M.; Fujisaki, S.; Sato, K.; Nishimura, Y.; Nakano, A.
Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two cis-prenyltransferases with different properties and localizations. Implication for their distinct physiological roles in dolichol synthesis
Genes Cells
6
495-506
2001
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (C7GM47), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P35196), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Sato, M.; Sato, K.; Nishikawa, S.; Hirata, A.; Kato, J.; Nakano, A.
The yeast RER2 gene, identified by endoplasmic reticulum protein localization mutations, encodes cis-prenyltransferase, a key enzyme in dolichol synthesis
Mol. Cell. Biol.
19
471-483
1999
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (C7GM47), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Park, E.J.; Grabinska, K.A.; Guan, Z.; Stranecky, V.; Hartmannova, H.; Hodanova, K.; Baresova, V.; Sovova, J.; Jozsef, L.; Ondruskova, N.; Hansikova, H.; Honzik, T.; Zeman, J.; Hulkova, H.; Wen, R.; Kmoch, S.; Sessa, W.C.
Mutation of Nogo-B receptor, a subunit of cis-prenyltransferase, causes a congenital disorder of glycosylation
Cell Metab.
20
448-457
2014
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Q12063), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Homo sapiens (Q96E22), Homo sapiens, Mus musculus (Q99LJ8), Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Q9Y7K8), Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 (Q12063)
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