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Information on EC 2.4.2.1 - purine-nucleoside phosphorylase and Organism(s) Plasmodium falciparum and UniProt Accession Q8T9Z7

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EC Tree
     2 Transferases
         2.4 Glycosyltransferases
             2.4.2 Pentosyltransferases
                2.4.2.1 purine-nucleoside phosphorylase
IUBMB Comments
Specificity not completely determined. Can also catalyse ribosyltransferase reactions of the type catalysed by EC 2.4.2.5, nucleoside ribosyltransferase.
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Select one or more organisms in this record: ?
This record set is specific for:
Plasmodium falciparum
UNIPROT: Q8T9Z7
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Plasmodium falciparum
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
pnp, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, pnpase, pfpnp, purine-nucleoside phosphorylase, adenosine phosphorylase, hspnp, hppnp, tvpnp, inosine phosphorylase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
purine nucleoside phosphorylase
-
adenosine phosphorylase
-
-
-
-
inosine phosphorylase
-
-
-
-
inosine-guanosine phosphorylase
-
-
-
-
nucleotide phosphatase (2.4.2.1)
-
-
-
-
PfPNP
phosphorylase, purine nucleoside
-
-
-
-
PNPase
-
-
-
-
Pu-NPase
-
-
-
-
PUNP
-
-
-
-
PUNPI
-
-
-
-
PUNPII
-
-
-
-
purine deoxynucleoside phosphorylase
-
-
-
-
purine deoxyribonucleoside phosphorylase
-
-
-
-
purine nucleoside phosphorylase
purine ribonucleoside phosphorylase
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
pentosyl group transfer
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
purine-nucleoside:phosphate ribosyltransferase
Specificity not completely determined. Can also catalyse ribosyltransferase reactions of the type catalysed by EC 2.4.2.5, nucleoside ribosyltransferase.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9030-21-1
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate
adenine + 5-methylthio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
5'-methylthioinosine + phosphate
hypoxanthine + 5-methylthio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
deoxyinosine + phosphate
hypoxanthine + alpha-D-deoxyribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
guanosine + phosphate
guanine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
inosine + phosphate
hypoxanthine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
uridine + phosphate
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
2'-deoxyinosine + phosphate
alpha-D-2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate + hypoxanthine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
5'-methylthioinosine + phosphate
hypoxanthine + 5-methylthio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
deoxyguanosine + phosphate
guanine + alpha-D-deoxyribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
guanosine + phosphate
guanine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
inosine + phosphate
hypoxanthine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
methylthioinosine + phosphate
methylthiohypoxanthine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
uridine + phosphate
uracil + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
5'-methylthioinosine + phosphate
hypoxanthine + 5-methylthio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
guanosine + phosphate
guanine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
inosine + phosphate
hypoxanthine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
show the reaction diagram
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2'-deoxy-immucillin-G
-
2'-deoxy-immucillin-H
-
4'-deaza-1'-aza-2'-deoxy-1'-(9-methylene)-immucillin-A
weak binding inhibitor
5'-methylthio-immucillin H
-
5'-methylthio-immucillin-H
deoxyimmucillin-H
-
immucillin-A
weak binding inhibitor
immucillin-G
immucillin-H
1',9-methyl-immucillin-H
-
-
1-((2-pyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl)uracil
inhibits both enzymic activity and growth of Plasmodium falciparum
2'-deoxy-immucillin-H
-
-
3-((2-pyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl)uracil
inhibits both enzymic activity and growth of Plasmodium falciparum
4'-deaza-1'-aza-2'-deoxy-1',9-methyl-immucillin-G
-
-
4'-deaza-1'-aza-2'-deoxy-1',9-methyl-immucillin-H
-
-
5'-amido-immucillin-H
-
-
5'-carboxy-immucillin-H
-
-
5'-chloro-5'-deoxy-8-aminoguanosine
-
-
5'-deoxy-immucillin-H
-
-
5'-fluoro-immucillin-H
-
-
5'-methylthio-immucillin-H
5'-thio-immucillin-H
-
-
8-amino-5'-deoxy-5'-chloroguanosine
-
-
8-Amino-9-benzylguanine
-
-
8-aminoguanosine
-
-
DADMe-immucillin-G
i.e. forodesine or BCX4945
DADMe-immucillin-H
i.e. ulodesine or BCX4208
immucillin-H
-
transition-state analogue inhibitor
additional information
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0106
5'-methylthioadenosine
pH 7.4
0.0088 - 0.06
5'-methylthioinosine
0.091
deoxyinosine
pH 7.4
0.0094
guanosine
pH 7.4
0.0025 - 0.028
Inosine
0.115
uridine
pH 7.4
0.091
2'-deoxyinosine
-
pH 7.4
0.057
deoxyguanosine
-
-
0.0094 - 0.01
guanosine
0.0047 - 0.011
Inosine
0.0108 - 0.016
Methylthioinosine
0.68
phosphate
-
-
0.085
uridine
pH 7.5, 25°C
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2.6
5'-methylthioadenosine
pH 7.4
0.01 - 1.2
5'-methylthioinosine
0.89
deoxyinosine
pH 7.4
2.6
guanosine
pH 7.4
0.21 - 4.6
Inosine
0.09
uridine
pH 7.4
0.9
2'-deoxyinosine
-
pH 7.4
2.6
guanosine
-
pH 7.4
1.1 - 1.7
Inosine
1.5 - 2.6
Methylthioinosine
kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.56 - 95
5'-methylthioinosine
83 - 190
Inosine
9.9
2'-deoxyinosine
-
pH 7.4
289
guanosine
-
pH 7.4
15 - 234
Inosine
240.7
Methylthioinosine
-
pH 7.4
0.306
uridine
pH 7.5, 25°C
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0000018
5'-methylthio-immucillin H
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0000027
5'-methylthio-immucillin-H
pH 7.4, equilibrium inhibition constant
0.0000074 - 0.00013
deoxyimmucillin-H
0.000015
immucillin H
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0000009
immucillin-G
pH 7.4, equilibrium inhibition constant
0.0000006 - 0.000029
immucillin-H
0.6
1',9-methyl-immucillin-H
-
Ki above 0.6 mM, pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.027
1-((2-pyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl)uracil
pH 7.5, 25°C
0.0000019
2'-deoxy-immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.006
3-((2-pyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl)uracil
pH 7.5, 25°C
0.0000009
4'-deaza-1'-aza-2'-deoxy-1',9-methyl-immucillin-G
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0000005
4'-deaza-1'-aza-2'-deoxy-1',9-methyl-immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.00022
5'-amido-immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.000017
5'-carboxy-immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.012
5'-chloro-5'-deoxy-8-aminoguanosine
-
-
0.0000016
5'-deoxy-immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0000022
5'-fluoro-immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.00000027
5'-methylthio-immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.000000093
5'-thio-immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
0.008
8-Amino-9-benzylguanine
-
-
0.013
8-aminoguanosine
-
-
0.0011
formycin B
-
-
0.00000086
immucillin-H
-
pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication
IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0000064 - 0.00053
2'-deoxy-immucillin-G
0.000016 - 0.00044
2'-deoxy-immucillin-H
0.000086 - 0.0009
5'-methylthio-immucillin-H
0.0000085 - 0.000043
immucillin-H
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
0.016
substrate 5'-methylthioinosine, pH 7.4
0.023
substrate inosine, pH 7.4
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
targeted gene disruption results in loss of enzyme activity in lysate, with normal activity of adenosine deaminase. Mutant parasites show a greater requirement for exogenous purines and a severe growth defect at physiological concentrations of hypoxanthine. The mutant parasites are more sensitive to purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors that bind human purine nucelotide phosphorylase tighter and less sensitive to inhibitor 5'-methylthio-immucillin-H
metabolism
the enzyme is involved in the purine metabolism in Plasmodium falciparum
additional information
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
PNPH_PLAFA
245
0
26858
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
147000
-
sucrose density gradient centrifugation
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
mutant Y160F/V66I/V73I in complex with immucillin H, sitting drop vapor diffusion method, using 0.2 M magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 0.1 M HEPES at pH 7.5, and 30% (v/v) 2-propanol
analysis of the structures of MTI (PDB ID 1Q1G) and DADMe-I (PDB ID 3PHC) co-crystallized with the protein structure of PfPNP
enzyme in complex with the inhibitor 5'-methylthio-immucillin-H, hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method
-
in complex with phosphate and immucillin-H, sitting drop vapor diffusion method, using 25% (w/v) polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 2000, 100 mM Tris (pH 8.5), and 0.2 M trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate
-
modeling of the inhibitors 1-((2-pyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl)uracil and 3-((2-pyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl)uracil into the active site of the protein, PDB entry 1NW4, by superposition of the uracil ring and the purine ring of Immucillin-H. Both compounds can fit adequately in the active site. In both cases the uracil base is predicted to be oriented in the nucleoside binding pocket by a pi-stacking similar to the purine base of Immucillin-H. The N1 of the uracil base in 1-((2-pyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl)uracil and the N3 of the uracil base in 3-((2-pyrrolidine-1-yl)ethyl)uracil roughly superimpose with the C4 of Immucillin-H
molecular dynamics simulation in ligand free form and in complex with immucillin and sulfate. The overall structures are stable along the molecular dynamics simulations
-
structures of purine nucleoside phosphorylase complexed with sulfate and its natural substrate inosine
-
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
V66I
the mutant shows wild type activity
V66I/V73I
the mutant shows increased activity compared to the wild type enzyme
V66I/Y160F
the mutant shows increased activity compared to the wild type enzyme
V73I
the mutant shows wild type activity
V73I/Y160F
the mutant shows wild type activity
Y160F
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
Y160F/V66I/V73I
the mutant has a 83fold decrease in turnover number for 5'-methylthioinosine with 2fold increase in Km value compared to the wild type enzyme
additional information
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Ni-NTA column chromatography
Ni-NTA affinity column chromatography, and gel filtration
-
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21-Codon plus cells
-
RENATURED/Commentary
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5), 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol and 20% (w/v) of various crowding agents like PEG3300, PEG 8000, Dextran 70, sucrose and glycerol
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
drug development
medicine
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Daddona, P.E.; Wiesmann, W.P.; Milhouse, W.; Chern, J.W.; Townsend, L.B.; Hershfield, M.S.; Webster, H.K.
Expression of human malaria parasite purine nucleoside phosphorylase in host enzyme-deficient erythrocyte culture. Enzyme characterization and identification of novel inhibitors
J. Biol. Chem.
261
11667-11673
1986
Homo sapiens, Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Bzowska, A.; Kulikowska, E.; Shugar, D.
Purine nucleoside phosphorylases: properties, functions, and clinical aspects
Pharmacol. Ther.
88
349-425
2000
Acholeplasma laidlawii, Klebsiella aerogenes, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus cereus, Cellulomonas sp., Pectobacterium carotovorum, Fasciola hepatica, Klebsiella sp., Micrococcus luteus, Mus musculus, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium lophurae, Proteus vulgaris, Rattus norvegicus, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Serratia marcescens, Saccharolobus solfataricus, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Homo sapiens (P00491), Homo sapiens, Escherichia coli (P0ABP8), Bacillus subtilis (P46354), Bos taurus (P55859), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Q05788)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Schnick, C.; Robien, M.A.; Brzozowski, A.M.; Dodson, E.J.; Murshudov, G.N.; Anderson, L.; Luft, J.R.; Mehlin, C.; Hol, W.G.; Brannigan, J.A.; Wilkinson, A.J.
Structures of Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase complexed with sulfate and its natural substrate inosine
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D
61
1245-1254
2005
Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shi, W.; Ting, L.M.; Kicska, G.A.; Lewandowicz, A.; Tyler, P.C.; Evans, G.B.; Furneaux, R.H.; Kim, K.; Almo, S.C.; Schramm, V.L.
Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase: crystal structures, immucillin inhibitors, and dual catalytic function
J. Biol. Chem.
279
18103-18106
2004
Plasmodium falciparum, Homo sapiens (P00491), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Rinaldo-Matthis, A.; Wing, C.; Ghanem, M.; Deng, H.; Wu, P.; Gupta, A.; Tyler, P.C.; Evans, G.B.; Furneaux, R.H.; Almo, S.C.; Wang, C.C.; Schramm, V.L.
Inhibition and structure of Trichomonas vaginalis purine nucleoside phosphorylase with picomolar transition state analogues
Biochemistry
46
659-668
2007
Trichomonas vaginalis, Homo sapiens (P00491), Homo sapiens, Bos taurus (P55859), Plasmodium falciparum (Q8T9Z7)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Silva, R.G.; Nunes, J.E.; Canduri, F.; Borges, J.C.; Gava, L.M.; Moreno, F.B.; Basso, L.A.; Santos, D.S.
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase: a potential target for the development of drugs to treat T-cell- and apicomplexan parasite-mediated diseases
Curr. Drug Targets
8
413-422
2007
Plasmodium lophurae, Toxoplasma gondii, Homo sapiens (P00491), Homo sapiens, Bos taurus (P55859), Plasmodium falciparum (Q8T9Z7)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chaudhary, K.; Ting, L.M.; Kim, K.; Roos, D.S.
Toxoplasma gondii purine nucleoside phosphorylase biochemical characterization, inhibitor profiles, and comparison with the Plasmodium falciparum ortholog
J. Biol. Chem.
281
25652-25658
2006
Toxoplasma gondii (Q2HXR2), Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium falciparum (Q8T9Z7), Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Taylor, E.A.; Rinaldo-Matthis, A.; Li, L.; Ghanem, M.; Hazleton, K.Z.; Cassera, M.B.; Almo, S.C.; Schramm, V.L.
Anopheles gambiae purine nucleoside phosphorylase: catalysis, structure, and inhibition
Biochemistry
46
12405-12415
2007
Plasmodium falciparum, Anopheles gambiae (A4Q998), Anopheles gambiae, Homo sapiens (P00491), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Madrid, D.C.; Ting, L.M.; Waller, K.L.; Schramm, V.L.; Kim, K.
Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase is critical for viability of malaria parasites
J. Biol. Chem.
283
35899-35907
2008
Plasmodium falciparum (Q8T9Z7), Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zanchi, F.B.; Caceres, R.A.; Stabeli, R.G.; de Azevedo, W.F.
Molecular dynamics studies of a hexameric purine nucleoside phosphorylase
J. Mol. Model.
16
543-550
2010
Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ting, L.M.; Gissot, M.; Coppi, A.; Sinnis, P.; Kim, K.
Attenuated Plasmodium yoelii lacking purine nucleoside phosphorylase confer protective immunity
Nat. Med.
14
954-958
2008
Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Cui, H.; Ruda, G.F.; Carrero-Lerida, J.; Ruiz-Perez, L.M.; Gilbert, I.H.; Gonzalez-Pacanowska, D.
Exploring new inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Eur. J. Med. Chem.
45
5140-5149
2010
Plasmodium falciparum (Q8I3X4), Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Donaldson, T.M.; Cassera, M.B.; Ho, M.C.; Zhan, C.; Merino, E.F.; Evans, G.B.; Tyler, P.C.; Almo, S.C.; Schramm, V.L.; Kim, K.
Inhibition and structure of Toxoplasma gondii purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Eukaryot. Cell
13
572-579
2014
Plasmodium falciparum, Toxoplasma gondii (Q2HXR2), Toxoplasma gondii
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Suthar, M.K.; Doharey, P.K.; Verma, A.; Saxena, J.K.
Behavior of Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase in macromolecular crowded environment
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
62
657-662
2013
Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Donaldson, T.M.; Ting, L.M.; Zhan, C.; Shi, W.; Zheng, R.; Almo, S.C.; Kim, K.
Structural determinants of the 5-methylthioinosine specificity of Plasmodium purine nucleoside phosphorylase
PLoS ONE
9
e84384
2014
Plasmodium falciparum (Q8T9Z7), Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wierzchowski, J.; Stachelska-Wierzchowska, A.; Wielgus-Kutrowska, B.; Bzowska, A.
1,N6-ethenoadenine and other fluorescent nucleobase analogs as substrates for purine-nucleoside phosphorylases Spectroscopic and kinetic studies
Curr. Pharm. Des.
23
6948-6966
2017
Bacillus cereus, Pectobacterium carotovorum, Thermus thermophilus, Plasmodium lophurae, Helicobacter pylori (A0A518Y5Z2), Homo sapiens (P00941), Escherichia coli (P0ABP8), Escherichia coli (P45563), Bos taurus (P55859), Cellulomonas sp. (P81989), Plasmodium falciparum (Q8I3X4)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kagami, L.P.; das Neves, G.M.; Rodrigues, R.P.; da Silva, V.B.; Eifler-Lima, V.L.; Kawano, D.F.
Identification of a novel putative inhibitor of the Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase exploring the purine salvage pathway to design new antimalarial drugs
Mol. Divers.
21
677-695
2017
Plasmodium falciparum (Q8I3X4), Plasmodium falciparum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team