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alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-arabitol
phosphate + alpha-D-glucosyl-D-arabitol
soluble recombinant enzyme
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + L-arabitol
phosphate + alpha-D-glucosyl-L-arabitol
soluble recombinant enzyme
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
r
1-O-azido-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride + phosphate
fluoride + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucose 1-acetic acid ester + phosphate
2-O-acetyl D-glucose + ?
-
alpha-D-glucose 1-acetic acid ester is converted primarily into the alpha- and beta-anomers of 2-O-acetyl D-glucose
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucose 1-fluoride + phosphate
fluoride + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + (R,S)-1,2-butandiol
phosphate + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-butandiol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + arsenate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + arsenate
alpha-D-glucose 1-arsenate + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-arabitol
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-xylulose
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-xylulofuranoside + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + glycerol
phosphate + 2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-sn-glycerol
-
The glucoside yield is higher when sucrose is used as a donor rather than alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate, due to the fact that the released phosphate is a stronger inhibitor of the enzyme in case of alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate than the released fructose in case of sucrose
-
-
?
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + H2O
alpha-D-glucose + phosphate
-
-
-
-
ir
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + L-arabinose
?
-
-
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + phosphate
?
-
5.4fold lower activity compared to sucrose
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate + arabitol
?
-
D- and L-arabitol
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate + L-sorbose
alpha-D-glucosyl-alpha-L-sorbose + phosphate
-
-
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate + xylitol
4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-xylitol + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-L-glucose 1-phosphate + D-arabitol
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
D-allulose + alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-allulofuranoside + phosphate
-
D-allulose is the best acceptor substrate
product analysis by NMR
-
r
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
sucrose + phosphate
-
-
-
-
r
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-fructofuranoside + phosphate
-
-
product analysis by NMR
-
r
D-sorbose + alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-sorbose + phosphate
-
-
product analysis by NMR
-
r
D-tagatose + alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-tagatose + phosphate
-
-
product analysis by NMR
-
r
glucose-1-phosphate + arsenate
glucose-1-arsenate + phosphate
-
-
glucose-1-arsenate is further hydrolyzed to form glucose and arsenate
ir
glycosyl-glucose + arsenate
glucose-1-arsenate + glucose
-
-
glucose-1-arsenate is further hydrolyzed to form glucose and arsenate
?
L-allulose + alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-L-allulofuranoside + phosphate
-
-
product analysis by NMR
-
r
L-fructose + alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-L-fructofuranoside + phosphate
-
-
product analysis by NMR
-
r
L-sorbose + alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-L-sorbose + phosphate
-
-
product analysis by NMR
-
r
L-tagatose + alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-L-tagatose + phosphate
-
-
product analysis by NMR
-
r
sucrose + (+)-catechin
D-fructose + (+)-catechin 3'-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
-
?
sucrose + (-)-epicatechin
?
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + (-)-epicatechin gallate
?
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + (-)-epigallocatechin
?
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + (-)-epigallocatechin gallate
?
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + (R)-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + (R,S)-1,2-butandiol
D-fructose + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-butandiol
-
regioselective glucosylation, sucrose is the preferred glucosyl donor with 1,2-butandiol compared to alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
?
sucrose + (R,S)-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + (R,S)-3-methoxy-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 3-methoxy-2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + (S)-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + 1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + 2,6-difluorophenol
D-fructose + 2,6-difluorophenyl alpha-D-glucoside
-
with the wild-type enzyme, hydrolysis of the sugar 1-phosphate prevails about 10fold over glucosyl transfer to the 2,6-difluorophenol acceptor. Glucosylation of 2,6-difluorophenol is also catalyzed by enzyme mutant E237Q
-
-
r
sucrose + 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone
2-ethyl-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone-4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
-
?
sucrose + 3-(3-methoxyphenoxy)-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 3-(3-methoxyphenoxy)-2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 3-allyloxy-2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + 3-ethoxy-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 3-ethoxy-2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
product distribution resulting from conversion of sucrose in the presence of 3-ethoxy-1,2-propanediol, overview
-
?
sucrose + 3-methoxy-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 3-methoxy-2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + 3-tert-butoxy-1,2-propanediol
D-fructose + 3-tert-butoxy-2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2-propanediol
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone
2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone-4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
-
?
sucrose + 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone
5-ethyl-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone-4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
-
?
sucrose + acarbose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + arsenate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-arsenate
-
-
because alpha-glucopyranosyl arsenate decomposes hydrolytically in a non-enzymatic reaction, the overall arsenolysis of sucrose is essentially irreversible
-
ir
sucrose + benzoic acid
1-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + 2-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + 2-O-benzoyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + D-fructose
-
-
formation of three main products determined by NMR, the enzyme forms 1-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside by transglucosylation, which is then converted to 2-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside and 2-O-benzoyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside by intramolecular acyl migration activity
-
?
sucrose + benzoic acid
D-fructose + ?
-
-
-
?
sucrose + cellobiose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + CMP
D-fructose + CMP 1-glucoside
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + D-arabinose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + D-fructose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + D-glucose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + erythritol
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + ethylene glycol
D-fructose + 2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-ethylene glycol
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + galactose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + glycerol
D-fructose + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol
sucrose + glycerol
D-fructose + 2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-sn-glycerol
-
regio- and stereoselective glucosylation. The glucoside yield is higher when sucrose is used as a donor rather than alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate, due to the fact that the released phosphate is a stronger inhibitor of the enzyme in case of alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate than the released fructose in case of sucrose
-
-
?
sucrose + isomaltotriose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + kojic acid
D-fructose + ?
low transglycosylation activity
-
-
?
sucrose + kojic acid
kojic acid 5-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + kojic acid 7-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
-
?
sucrose + lactose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + maltose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + maltotriose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + palatinose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
sucrose + rhamnose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + salicin
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + sorbitol
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + xylitol
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + xylose
?
transglucosylation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
alpha-D-glucose 1-fluoride + phosphate
fluoride + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose 1-fluoride + phosphate
fluoride + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
as efficient as substrate as sucrose
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose 1-fluoride + phosphate
fluoride + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
mechanisms for wild-type sucrose phosphorylase and doubly mutated variants, overview
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-xylulose
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-xylulofuranoside + phosphate
-
-
-
r
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-xylulose
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-xylulofuranoside + phosphate
-
-
-
-
r
sucrose + glycerol
D-fructose + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + glycerol
D-fructose + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol
-
low activity, regioselective glucosylation of glycerol, the product 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol itself is a very poor substrate for the enzyme
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
ping-pong mechanism
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
ping-pong mechanism
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
highly specific for alpha-D-glycosyl configuration
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-fructose
-
highly specific for alpha-D-glycosyl configuration
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
catalytic mechanisms of wild-type and mutant enzymes, overview
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
differential binding of fructose and phosphate as leaving group/nucleophile of the reaction, structure, Asp295-transition state stabilization through hydrogen bonding, overview
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
enzyme deglucosylation to an anionic nucleophile takes place with Glu237 protonated or unprotonated. Enzymatically formed alpha-glucose 1-esters decompose spontaneously via acyl group migration and hydrolysis
-
-
r
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
regioselective glucosylation
-
-
?
sucrose + phosphate
D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
the transferred glucosyl moiety of sucrose is accomodated at the catalytic subsite of the phosphorylase through a network of charged hydrogen bonds, conserved residues Asp49 and Arg395 are pointing towards the equatorial hydroxyl at C4 which is essential for catalytic efficiency, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
sucrose and alpha-glucose-1-phosphate are hydrolyzed in absence of phosphate and arsenate at very low rate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
broad acceptor specificity, best acceptors are 5-carbon sugar alcohols, various sugars tested for acceptor efficiency
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
glucosyl donor and acceptor specificities, in absence of acceptor, the enzyme performs hydrolysis of alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regio- and stereoselective formation of alpha-glucose 1-acetic acid ester by mutant E237Q, NMR product determination, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
alpha-retaining glucosyl transfer through front-side bimolecular nucleophilic substitution
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
sucrose phosphorylase catalyzes three types of overall reaction: glucosyl transfer to and from phosphate, hydrolysis, and transglucosylation. Arsenate can replace phosphate as glucosyl acceptor substrate, other glucosyl acceptors are caffeic acid, benzoic acid, acetic acid, and formic acid. Sucrose, glucose 1-phosphate, and alpha-glucopyranosyl fl uoride are highly reactive donor substrates for the enzyme, broad range of acceptor substrates. Nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranose is a poor substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme shows high substrate specificity towards glucosyl donors accepting only sucrose, glucose 1-phosphate, and glucose 1-fluoride, but a broad substrate specificity towards glycosyl acceptors, overview. No activity with melibiose, melezitose, and raffinose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
both wild-type and mutated enzyme employ 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside as a slow artificial substrate for phosphorolysis and hydrolysis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
glucobioses, maltose, i.e. 4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl glucose, and kojibiose, i.e. 2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl glucose, are formed in large amounts by glucosyl transfer to glucose, exceeding in almost all cases the amount of the desired transfer product from 1,2-propandiol compounds, process optimization, overview. Formation of 2-O- and 4-O-glycosidic isomers of alpha-D-glucopyranosyl glucose suggests that catalytic glucosyl transfer by the phosphorylase involves two different binding modes for the D-glucose acceptor, structure-activity relationships, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regio- and stereoselective glucosylation of diols by sucrose phosphorylase using sucrose or glucose 1-phosphate as glucosyl donor, stereochemistry of products from glucosyl transfer and phosphorolysis an hydrolysis reactions, NMR analysis, overview. Mono-alcohols are not accepted as substrates but several 1,2-diols are readily glucosylated, proving that the vicinal diol unit is crucial for activity. The smallest substrate that is accepted for glucosylation appears to be ethylene glycol, it is converted to the monoglucoside by 69%. No activity with (R,S)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol (R,S)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, (R,S)-1-thioglycerol, and (R,S)-glyceraldehyde
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
sucrose phosphorylase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides exhibits activity towards eight ketohexoses, which behave as D-glucosyl acceptors, and alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate as donor. All eight ketohexoses are subsequently transformed into the corresponding D-glucosyl-ketohexoses, substrate specificity, overview. D-Glucosyl-D-alluloside is also successfully produced from sucrose using SPase and D-tagatose 3-epimerase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no transglycosylation activity with sucrose and ascorbic acid
-
-
-
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96
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
pH 7.0, 30°C, synthesis, recombinant enzyme
165
sucrose
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, recombinant enzyme
121
alpha-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.0001 - 261
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
additional information
additional information
-
kinetics of recombinant wild-type and mutant enzymes, overview
-
0.0001
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
arsenolysis of alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate, mutant D196N/E237Q
0.00063
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, synthesis, mutant E237Q
0.0124
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, synthesis, mutant D295E
0.0159
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, synthesis, mutant D295N
1.59
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
30°C, pH 7.0, mutant enzyme D295N
12.4
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
30°C, pH 7.0, mutant enzyme D295E
39
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, sucrose synthesis by glycosylation from alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate, recombinant wild-type enzyme
91
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
30°C, pH 7.0, wild-type enzyme
91
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, synthesis, wild-type enzyme
170
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
arsenolysis of alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate, wild-type enzyme
260
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, arsenolysis, wild-type enzyme
261
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, arsenolysis, wild-type enzyme
0.0065
arsenate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, arsenolysis, mutant D295E
0.0252
arsenate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, arsenolysis, mutant D295N
170
arsenate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, arsenolysis, wild-type enzyme
0.0014
D-fructose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, synthesis, mutant D295E
0.0206
D-fructose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, synthesis, mutant D295N
1.4
D-fructose
-
30°C, pH 7.0, mutant enzyme D295E
2.06
D-fructose
-
30°C, pH 7.0, mutant enzyme D295N
72
D-fructose
-
30°C, pH 7.0, wild-type enzyme
72
D-fructose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, synthesis, wild-type enzyme
0.0136
phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, mutant D295E
0.024
phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, mutant D295N
2.38
phosphate
-
30°C, pH 7.0, mutant enzyme D295N
13.6
phosphate
-
30°C, pH 7.0, mutant enzyme D295E
195
phosphate
-
30°C, pH 7.0, wild-type enzyme
195
phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, wild-type enzyme
200
phosphate
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, wild-type enzyme
0.00026
sucrose
-
30°C, pH 6.0, mutant enzyme D196A
0.0016
sucrose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, mutant E237Q
0.02
sucrose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, mutant D295N
1.99
sucrose
-
30°C, pH 7.0, mutant enzyme D295N
47
sucrose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, deglycosylation by D-fructose, recombinant wild-type enzyme
105
sucrose
-
30°C, pH 6.0, wild-type enzyme
117
sucrose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, sucrose phosphorolysis, recombinant wild-type enzyme
145
sucrose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, deglycosylation by phosphate, recombinant wild-type enzyme
165
sucrose
-
30°C, pH 7.0, wild-type enzyme
165
sucrose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, wild-type enzyme
170
sucrose
-
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis, wild-type enzyme
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D196N/E237Q
-
the mutation affects the the stereoselectivity of the reaction
D338N
-
site-directed mutagenesis of a fructose-binding residue, the mutant shows 7000fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type enzyme due to disruption of steps where fructose departs or attacks
D49A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant enzyme shows 10000000fold reduced enzyme glycosylation and 500fold reduced enzyme deglycosylation compared to the wild-type enzyme. The mutant also shows a loss in selectivity for phosphate against water and substrate inhibition by phosphate
D49A/R395L
-
site-directed mutagenesis, inactive mutant
F52A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, large destabilization of the transition states for enzyme glucosylation and deglucosylation in the mutant compared to the wild-type enzyme, while the relative stability of the glucosyl enzyme intermediate was weakly affected by substitution of Phe52
F52N
-
site-directed mutagenesis, large destabilization of the transition states for enzyme glucosylation and deglucosylation in the mutant compared to the wild-type enzyme, while the relative stability of the glucosyl enzyme intermediate was weakly affected by substitution of Phe52
R137A
-
site-directed mutagenesis of a phosphate-binding residue, the mutant shows 60fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type enzyme due to disruption of steps where fructose departs or attacks
R395L
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant enzyme shows 100000fold reduced enzyme glycosylation and 500fold reduced enzyme deglycosylation compared to the wild-type enzyme. The mutant also shows a loss in selectivity for phosphate against water and substrate inhibition by phosphate
Y340A
-
site-directed mutagenesis of a phosphate-binding residue, the mutant shows 2500fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type enzyme due to disruption of steps where fructose departs or attacks
D196A
-
inactive mutant enzyme. External azide partly complements the catalytic defect in D196A while formate, acetate and halides can not restore activity. The mutant utilizes azide to convert alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate into beta-D-glucose 1-azide, reflecting a change in stereochemical course of glucosyl transfer from alpha-retaining in wild-type to inverting in D196A. Phosphorolysis of beta-D-glucose 1-azide by D196A occurrs through a ternary complex kinetic mechanism, in contrast to the wild-type whose reactions feature a common glucosyl enzyme intermediate and ping-pong kinetics
D196A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the purified D196A mutant shows 40% reduced activity compared to the wild-type in phosphorolysis and synthesis of sucrose as well as arsenolysis of alpha-glucose 1-phosphate, however, with azide as an alternative nucleophile, the conversion of alpha-glucose 1-phosphate proceeds at a slow rate and results in the formation of product glucose 1-azide with a beta-anomeric configuration, activity enhancement in the D196A mutant results from the direct participation of azide in the now inverting, single displacement-like mechanism of glucosyl transfer, overview
D295E
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows reduced catalytic activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
D295E
-
mutation decreases the catalytic center activity of sucrose phosphorylase to about 0.01% of the wild-type level. The 100000fold preference of the wild-type for glucosyl transfer compared with mannosyl transfer from phosphate to fructose is lost
D295E
-
site-directed mutagenesis of the catalytic residue, the mutant shows about 0.01% of the wild-type enzyme activity, the preference of the wild-type enzyme for glucosyl transfer compared with mannosyl transfer from phosphate to fructose is lost in the mutant enzyme
D295N
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows reduced catalytic activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
D295N
-
mutation decreases the catalytic center activity of sucrose phosphorylase to about 0.01% of the wild-type level. Glucosylation and deglucosylation steps are affected uniformly, and independently of leaving group ability and nucleophilic reactivity of the substrate, respectively. The 100000fold preference of the wild-type for glucosyl transfer compared with mannosyl transfer from phosphate to fructose is lost
D295N
-
site-directed mutagenesis of the catalytic residue, the mutant shows about 0.01% of the wild-type enzyme activity, the preference of the wild-type enzyme for glucosyl transfer compared with mannosyl transfer from phosphate to fructose is lost in the mutant enzyme
D295N
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows 0.01% of the wild-type sucrose phosphorolysis activity, meaning a reduction by 20000fold, but regaines activity by heat treatment for 10 min at 100°C, caused by a partial deamidation of D295. The catalytic defect resulting from the substitution of Asp295 is independent of the leaving group ability and nucleophilic reactivity of the substrate
E237Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis of the catalytic residue, the mutant shows 0.001% of wild-type enzyme activity, reactions with substrates requiring Broensted catalytic assistance for glucosylation or deglucosylation are selectively slowed at the respective step about 10fold in mutant E237Q compared to the wild-type enzyme. Azide, acetate and formate but not halides restore catalytic activity up to 300fold in E237Q under conditions in which the deglucosylation step is rate-determining
E237Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows altered pH-dependence compared to the wild-type enzyme
E237Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, replacement of the catalytic acid-base Glu237, the mutant does not display hydrolase activity under transglucosylation conditions and therefore provides 7fold enhancement of transfer yield
additional information
-
immobilization of the purified recombinant tagged enzyme for continuous production of alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate from sucrose and phosphate in a packed bed reactor, method optimization, overview
additional information
immobilization of the purified recombinant tagged enzyme for continuous production of alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate from sucrose and phosphate in a packed bed reactor, method optimization, overview
additional information
-
adsorption and enzyme activity of sucrose phosphorylase on lipid Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films with negligible effects on its secondary structure, but providing a favorable environment for preserving the enzyme catalytic activity, attributed to the interaction of the polypeptide structure with the hydrophobic tails of phospholipid dimyristoylphosphatidic acid, thereby facilitating the access of the analyte to the catalytic site of the enzyme, which is ideal for catalyzing the conversion of sucrose to other products, overview
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Doudoroff, M.
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