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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments This entry covers the former separate entry for EC 2.4.1.3 (amylomaltase). The plant enzyme has been termed D-enzyme. An enzymic activity of this nature forms part of the mammalian and yeast glycogen debranching system (see EC 3.2.1.33 amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase).
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Aquifex aeolicus The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
amylomaltase, d-enzyme, 4-alpha-glucanotransferase, disproportionating enzyme, amase, maltosyltransferase, alphagt, alphagtase, mq-01, alpha-1,4-glucanotransferase,
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4-alpha-glucanotransferase
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debranching enzyme maltodextrin glycosyltransferase
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dextrin glycosyltransferase
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dextrin glycosyltransferase,
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dextrin transglycosylase
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disproportionating enzyme
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hexosyl group transfer
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(1->4)-alpha-D-glucan:(1->4)-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glycosyltransferase
This entry covers the former separate entry for EC 2.4.1.3 (amylomaltase). The plant enzyme has been termed D-enzyme. An enzymic activity of this nature forms part of the mammalian and yeast glycogen debranching system (see EC 3.2.1.33 amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase).
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amylose
cycloamylose
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the enzyme produces a cycloamylose with a minimum degree of polymerization of 16
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?
maltoheptaose + maltoheptaose
maltooligosaccharides
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maltohexaose + maltohexaose
maltooligosaccharides
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?
maltopentaose + maltopentaose
maltooligosaccharides
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maltose + maltose
maltooligosaccharides
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?
maltotetraose + maltotetraose
maltooligosaccharides
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maltotriose + maltotriose
maltooligosaccharides
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additional information
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the smallest acceptor is glucose, the smallest donor is maltose
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5.7
maltoheptaose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
4.5
maltohexaose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
4.2
maltopentaose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
71
maltose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
4.5
maltotetraose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
6.1
maltotriose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
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16
maltoheptaose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
22
maltohexaose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
22
maltopentaose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
1.3
maltose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
17
maltotetraose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
18
maltotriose
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pH 6.6, 70°C
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60 - 100
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60°C: about 50% of maximal activity, 100°C: about 30% of maximal activity
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SwissProt
brenda
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100
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30 min, about 90% loss of activity
80
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30 min, less than 10% loss of activity
90
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30 min, about 30% loss of activity
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expression in Escherichia coli
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genes for amylomaltase are part of the glycogen operon
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synthesis
production of cycloamylose starch gels
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Terada, Y.; Fujii, K.; Takaha, T.; Okada, S.
Thermus aquaticus ATCC 33923 amylomaltase gene cloning and expression and enzyme characterization: production of cycloamylose
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
65
910-915
1999
Aquifex aeolicus, Borreliella burgdorferi, Chlamydia psittaci, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium butyricum NCIMB 7423, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Hordeum vulgare, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Solanum tuberosum, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Synechocystis sp., Thermococcus litoralis, Thermus aquaticus, Thermus aquaticus (B7A9X4)
brenda
Przylas, I.; Tomoo, K.; Terada, Y.; Takaha, T.; Fujii, K.; Saenger, W.; Strater, N.
Crystal structure of amylomaltase from Thermus aquaticus, a glycosyltransferase catalyzing the production of large cyclic glucans
J. Mol. Biol.
296
873-886
2000
Aquifex aeolicus, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Clostridium butyricum, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Solanum tuberosum, Thermus aquaticus
brenda
Roujeinikova, A.; Raasch, C.; Sedelnikova, S.; Liebl, W.; Rice, D.W.
Crystal structure of Thermotoga maritima 4-alpha-glucanotransferase and its acarbose complex: Implications for substrate specificity and catalysis
J. Mol. Biol.
321
149-162
2002
Aquifex aeolicus, Clostridium butyricum, Dictyoglomus thermophilum, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Thermococcus litoralis, Thermotoga maritima, Thermotoga neapolitana, Thermus aquaticus
brenda
Kaper, T.; van der Maarel, M.J.; Euverink, G.J.; Dijkhuizen, L.
Exploring and exploiting starch-modifying amylomaltases from thermophiles
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
32
279-282
2004
Escherichia coli, Thermococcus litoralis, Thermococcus litoralis (O32462), Thermus aquaticus, Thermus aquaticus (B7A9X4), Aquifex aeolicus (O66937), Solanum tuberosum (Q06801), Thermotoga maritima (Q60035), Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Q9FDV9), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LV91), Escherichia coli ML
brenda
Bhuiyan, S.H.; Kitaoka, M.; Hayashi, K.
A cycloamylose-forming hyperthermostable 4-alpha-glucanotransferase of Aquifex aeolicus expressed in Escherichia coli
J. Mol. Catal. B
22
45-53
2003
Aquifex aeolicus
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