The enzyme from Streptococcus Group A and Group C requires Mg2+. The enzyme adds GlcNAc to nascent hyaluronan when the non-reducing end is GlcA, but it adds GlcA when the non-reducing end is GlcNAc . The enzyme is highly specific for UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GlcA; no copolymerization is observed if either is replaced by UDP-Glc, UDP-Gal, UDP-GalNAc or UDP-GalA. Similar enzymes have been found in a variety of organisms.
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
Alternating UDP-alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan] 4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyltransferase and UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan] 3-beta-D-glucuronosyltransferase
The enzyme from Streptococcus Group A and Group C requires Mg2+. The enzyme adds GlcNAc to nascent hyaluronan when the non-reducing end is GlcA, but it adds GlcA when the non-reducing end is GlcNAc [3]. The enzyme is highly specific for UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GlcA; no copolymerization is observed if either is replaced by UDP-Glc, UDP-Gal, UDP-GalNAc or UDP-GalA. Similar enzymes have been found in a variety of organisms.
isozyme expression and effects on tumor development and growth in rats, overview, repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum
isozyme expression and effects on tumor development and growth in rats, overview, repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum
isozyme expression and effects on tumor development and growth in rats, overview, repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum
isozyme expression and effects on tumor development and growth in rats, overview, repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum
isozyme expression and effects on tumor development and growth in rats, overview, repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum
isozyme expression and effects on tumor development and growth in rats, overview, repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum
fibroblast, expression of isozymes HAS1 and HAS2 is increased after oncogenic malignant transformation with v-sre and/or v-fos, while only the expression of isozyme HAS2 is increased by transformation with v-HA-ras
expression of isozyme HAS2 is increased after oncogenic malignant transformation with v-HA-ras, v-sre and/or v-fos, antisense repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum, introduction of isozyme HAS2 promotes the growth of subcutaneous tumors dependent on hyaluronan synthesis level
expression of isozyme HAS2 is increased after oncogenic malignant transformation with v-HA-ras, v-sre and/or v-fos, antisense repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum, introduction of isozyme HAS2 promotes the growth of subcutaneous tumors dependent on hyaluronan synthesis level
expression of isozyme HAS2 is increased after oncogenic malignant transformation with v-HA-ras, v-sre and/or v-fos, antisense repression of HAS2 expression leads to reduced hyaluronan synthesis and reduced tumorigenicity in the peritoneum, introduction of isozyme HAS2 promotes the growth of subcutaneous tumors dependent on hyaluronan synthesis level
expression of isozyme HAS1 is increased after oncogenic malignant transformation with v-sre and/or v-fos, no increase after transformation with v-HA-ras, introduction of isozyme HAS1 promotes the growth of subcutaneous tumors dependent on hyaluronan synthesis level
expression of isozyme HAS1 is increased after oncogenic malignant transformation with v-sre and/or v-fos, no increase after transformation with v-HA-ras, introduction of isozyme HAS1 promotes the growth of subcutaneous tumors dependent on hyaluronan synthesis level
expression of isozyme HAS1 is increased after oncogenic malignant transformation with v-sre and/or v-fos, no increase after transformation with v-HA-ras, introduction of isozyme HAS1 promotes the growth of subcutaneous tumors dependent on hyaluronan synthesis level
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
HAS2 DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, oncogenic malignant transformation of 3Y1 fibroblasts with v-sre and/or v-fos, or v-HA-ras
HAS1 DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, oncogenic malignant transformation of 3Y1 fibroblasts with v-sre and/or v-fos, or v-HA-ras
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
reduced HAS 2 gene expression and increased excreted urinary hyaluronidase activity during dehydration contribute to the reduced amount of hyaluronan and to antidiuretic response
HAS 2 appears to be a major contributor to the baseline levels of hyaluronan. Reduced HAS 2 gene expression and increased excreted urinary hyaluronidase activity during dehydration contribute to the reduced amount of hyaluronan and to antidiuretic response. In hydrated animals, the diuretic response is followed by a 58% elevation in papillary hyaluronan and a 45% reduction in the excreted urinary hyaluronidase activity. No difference is determined in HAS 13 mRNA or HYAL 1, 34 mRNA expression. In dehydrated animals, antidiuresis is followed by a 22% reduction in papillary hyaluronan and a 62% elevation in excreted urinary hyaluronidase activity. Plasma vasopressin is 2.8-fold higher in dehydrated versus hydrated rats
the overproduction of hyaluronan in soft connective tissues can transform their biological and biomechanical functionality, the results demonstrate the feasibility of using a tissue-engineering approach with genetically modified cells to study the role of individual extracellular matrix components
in hydrated animals, the diuretic response is followed by a 58% elevation in papillary hyaluronan and a 45% reduction in the excreted urinary hyaluronidase activity. No difference is determined in HAS 13 mRNA or HYAL 1, 34 mRNA expression. In dehydrated animals, antidiuresis is followed by a 22% reduction in papillary hyaluronan and a 62% elevation in excreted urinary hyaluronidase activity. Plasma vasopressin is 2.8-fold higher in dehydrated versus hydrated rats
The effect of endogenous overexpression of hyaluronan synthases on material, morphological, and biochemical properties of uncrosslinked collagen biomaterials