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Information on EC 2.3.1.5 - arylamine N-acetyltransferase and Organism(s) Mus musculus and UniProt Accession P50295
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2.3.1.5 arylamine N-acetyltransferaseIUBMB Comments
Wide specificity for aromatic amines, including serotonin; also catalyses acetyl-transfer between arylamines without CoA.
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Word Map
- 2.3.1.5
-
pineal
- melatonin
-
rhythm
-
circadian
-
n-acetylation
- retina
- 2-aminofluorene
-
night
-
p-aminobenzoic
-
nocturnal
- arylalkylamine
- n-acetylserotonin
- hydrazine
- medicine
-
diurnal
- isoniazid
-
light-dark
- aa-nat
- paba
- pinealocytes
-
nighttime
- hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase
- sulfamethazine
- hiomt
- accoa
-
xenobiotic-metabolizing
-
monomorphic
-
daytime
- quinpirole
- tryptamine
-
anti-tubercular
- pharmacology
- sulpiride
-
light-exposed
- analysis
- molecular biology
-
n-hydroxylated
- drug development
-
midnight
-
p-aminosalicylic
- o-acetyltransferase
- n-hydroxyarylamine
-
spiroperidol
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Mus musculus
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Synonyms
serotonin n-acetyltransferase, arylamine n-acetyltransferase, arylamine n-acetyltransferase 1, arylamine n-acetyltransferase 2, tbnat, arylamine acetyltransferase, n-acetyltransferase a, nat 1, acetyl-coa:arylamine n-acetyltransferase, n-acetyltransferase type 2, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
2-naphthylamine N-acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
4-aminobiphenyl N-acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
acetyl CoA-arylamine N-acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
acetyltransferase, 2-naphthylamine N-
-
-
-
-
acetyltransferase, 4-aminobiphenyl
-
-
-
-
acetyltransferase, arylamine
-
-
-
-
acetyltransferase, p-aminosalicylate N-
-
-
-
-
acetyltransferase, procainamide N-
-
-
-
-
acetyltransferase, serotonin N-
-
-
-
-
arylamine acetylase
-
-
-
-
arylamine acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
beta-naphthylamine N-acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
indoleamine N-acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
N-acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
NAT
NAT1
NAT2
NAT3
-
in mice there are three functional polymorphic NAT genes. NAT3 is highly polymorphic
p-aminosalicylate N-acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
serotonin acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
serotonin N-acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
NAT
-
-
-
-
NAT1
-
-
-
-
NAT2
-
-
-
-
NAT2
-
equivalent of human NAT1 in terms of tissue distribution, gene organization, C-terminal sequence analysis and substrate specificity
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
acetyl-CoA + an arylamine = CoA + an N-acetylarylamine
ping-pong bi-bi mechanism
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Acyl group transfer
Acyl group transfer
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase
Wide specificity for aromatic amines, including serotonin; also catalyses acetyl-transfer between arylamines without CoA.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9027-33-2
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminobenzoic acid
CoA + N-acetyl-4-aminobenzoic acid
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl
N-acetyl-N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl + CoA
substrate of isozyme NAT2 in liver cytosol
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl
N-hydroxy-O-acetyl-4-aminobiphenyl + CoA
substrate of isozyme NAT2, O-acetylation activity of NAT2
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 2-(4-aminobenzamido)pyridine
CoA + 2-(4-acetylamidobenzamido)pyridine
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 2-aminofluorene
CoA + N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene
-
high specific activity
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminobenzoyl-L-glutamate
CoA + N-acetyl-4-aminobenzoyl-L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminosalicylic acid
CoA + 4-acetylamino-2-hydroxybenzoate
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminosalicylic acid
CoA + N-acetyl-4-aminosalicylic acid
-
high specific activity
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 5-aminosalicylic acid
CoA + N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid
-
high specific activity
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + hydralazine
CoA + N-acetyl-hydralazine
-
low specific activity
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + N-(4-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate
CoA + N-(4-acetylaminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + p-aminobenzoylglutamate
CoA + N-[(4-acetylamino)]benzoyl-L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + phenylhydrazine
CoA + N-acetyl-phenylhydrazine
-
low specific activity
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + procainamide
CoA + N-acetyl- procainamide
-
low specific activity
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + sulfamethazine
CoA + N-acetyl-sulfamethazine
-
low specific activity
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminobiphenyl
N-acetyl-4-aminobiphenyl + CoA
substrate of isozyme NAT2 in liver cytosol
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminobiphenyl
N-acetyl-4-aminobiphenyl + CoA
substrate of isozyme NAT2
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminobenzoic acid
CoA + N-acetyl-4-aminobenzoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminobenzoic acid
CoA + N-acetyl-4-aminobenzoic acid
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminobenzoic acid
CoA + N-acetyl-4-aminobenzoic acid
-
high specific activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the isozymes catalyze the N-acetylation of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, after N-hydroxylation, they also catalyze the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-arylamines via O-acetylation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the isozymes catalyze the N-acetylation of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, after N-hydroxylation, they also catalyze the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-arylamines via O-acetylation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the reaction proceeds via a covalent acetyl-enzyme intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the isozymes catalyze the N-acetylation of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, after N-hydroxylation, they also catalyze the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-arylamines via O-acetylation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the isozymes catalyze the N-acetylation of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, after N-hydroxylation, they also catalyze the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-arylamines via O-acetylation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mouse Nat2 is very similar to human NAT1 in substrate specificity
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acetyl-CoA + 4-aminobiphenyl
N-acetyl-4-aminobiphenyl + CoA
substrate of isozyme NAT2 in liver cytosol
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl
N-acetyl-N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl + CoA
substrate of isozyme NAT2 in liver cytosol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the isozymes catalyze the N-acetylation of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, after N-hydroxylation, they also catalyze the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-arylamines via O-acetylation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the isozymes catalyze the N-acetylation of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, after N-hydroxylation, they also catalyze the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-arylamines via O-acetylation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the isozymes catalyze the N-acetylation of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, after N-hydroxylation, they also catalyze the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-arylamines via O-acetylation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the isozymes catalyze the N-acetylation of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens, after N-hydroxylation, they also catalyze the metabolic activation of N-hydroxy-arylamines via O-acetylation
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
cisplatin
-
treating C57BL/6J mice with cisplatin significantly decreases murine Nat2 (murine counterpart of human NAT1) enzymatic function in the liver (25% inhibition), kidney (40% inhibition), and blood cells (50% inhibition)
N-[3-(3,5-dimethylanilino)-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl]benzenesulfonamide
-
37.6% inhibition of isoform Nat1 at 0.03 mM and 92.4% inhibition of isoform Nat2
N-[3-(3,5-dimethylanilino)-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl]benzenesulfonamide
-
selective competitive inhibitor
IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0019
N-[3-(3,5-dimethylanilino)-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl]benzenesulfonamide
Mus musculus
-
isoform Nat2, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
37
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
type II alveolar cell, presence of isoform Nat2. Exposure of cells to pathophysiologically relevant amounts of oxidants such as H2O2 or peroxyntrite, impairs the cellular biotransformation of aromatic amines
-
presence of isoform Nat2. Exposure of cells to pathophysiologically relevant amounts of oxidants such as H2O2 or peroxyntrite, impairs the cellular biotransformation of aromatic amines
-
presence of isoform Nat2. Exposure of cells to pathophysiologically relevant amounts of oxidants such as H2O2 or peroxyntrite, impairs the cellular biotransformation of aromatic amines
additional information
-
in mouse embryos of transgenic mice bearing a lacZ transgene expression of NAT2 is detected in ensory epithelia, epithelial placodes giving rise to visceral sensory neurons, the developing pituitary gland, sympathetic chain and urogenital ridge. Nat2 is active in these tissues
-
in mouse embryos of transgenic mice bearing a lacZ transgene expression of NAT2 is detected in sensory epithelia, epithelial placodes giving rise to visceral sensory neurons, the developing pituitary gland, sympathetic chain and urogenital ridge. Nat2 is active in these tissues
-
Nat2 expression is both temporally and spatially regulated during development. In neonatal mice, cardiac Nat2 expression is most extensive in the central fibrous body and is evident in the atrioventricular valves and the valves of the great vessels. Nat2 expression is not detected in ventricular myocardial cells. Nat2 is strongly expressed in scattered cells in the region of the sinus node, the epicardium of the right atrial appendage, and in the pulmonary artery. Expression of active NAT2 protein is maximal when the developing heart attains the adult circulation pattern and moves from metabolizing glucose to fatty acids
additional information
broad tissue distribution of isozyme NAT2, tissue-specific expression analysis of isozymes NAT2
additional information
broad tissue distribution of isozyme NAT2, tissue-specific expression analysis of isozymes NAT2
additional information
broad tissue distribution of isozyme NAT1, tissue-specific expression analysis of isozyme NAT1
additional information
broad tissue distribution of isozyme NAT1, tissue-specific expression analysis of isozyme NAT1
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
physiological function
-
knockout of NAT2 significantly decreases teratogen-induced orofacial clefting in the A/J strain, but not in the C57BL/6J strain
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). ARY2_MOUSE
290
0
33701
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
32000
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
monomer
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
I95T
-
in liver of homozygous animals, 90% reduction in activity with substrate isoniazid
R99I
-
Mus musculus A/J slow acetylating strain harbours a R99I mutation in the Nat2 gene, causing instability and degradation of the mutant protein
additional information
additional information
construction of NAT2 knockout mice, phenotype, overview
additional information
construction of NAT2 knockout mice, phenotype, overview
additional information
-
Nat1 knockout mice do not show an obvious phenotype, apart from the expected reduction in arylamine metabolism
additional information
-
Nat2 knockout mice do not show an obvious phenotype, apart from the expected reduction in arylamine metabolism. From analyses following breeding studies it appears that lack of NAT2 affects the sex ratios in offspring such that there is an excess of females among heterozygotes
additional information
-
Nat3 knockout mice: lack of Nat3 has no effect in the metabolism of arylamines by mice
additional information
-
the developmental role of Nat2 is investigated using transgenic Nat2 knockout/lacZ knockin mice: The transgene is bred onto an A/J background and offspring are scored for developmental defects at weaning. After backcross generation eight, an ocular defect, ranging from cataract to microphthalmia and anophthalmia, is recorded among offspring of backcross and intercross pairs. While Nat2-/- mice are described as overtly aphenotypic, the presence of a Nat2 null allele in one or both parents can result in ocular defects. These ocular phenotypes and their association with Nat2 genotype indicate that the Nat2 locus may be responsible for the described microphthalmic phenotype
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
medicine
molecular biology
-
results show that cisplatin inactivates the NAT1 enzyme by forming an adduct with the catalytic cysteine residue of the enzyme
medicine
-
altered expression of the human orthologue in breast tumours, in which there is endocrine signalling, suggests that human NAT1 should be considered as a potential biomarker for neuroendocrine tissues and tumours
medicine
-
consensus gene nomenclature is necessary to report and interpret the results of human epidemiological studies, as well as to perform meta analysis and, or compare the results of different studies
medicine
-
ocular defects associated with a null mutation in the mouse arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 gene
medicine
-
exposure of lung epithelial cells to pathophysiologically relevant amounts of oxidants such as H2O2 or peroxyntrite, impairs the Nat2-dependent cellular biotransformation of aromatic amines
medicine
-
knockout of NAT2 significantly decreases teratogen-induced orofacial clefting in the A/J strain, but not in the C57BL/6J strain
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Watson, A.P.; Wang, P.D.; Sim, E.
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase from fast (C57BL6) and slow (A/J) N-acetylating strains of mice
Biochem. Pharmacol.
39
647-654
1990
Mus musculus
Gollamudi, R.; Rackley, R.J.; Autian, J.
A new substrate for the measurement of N-acetyltransferase activity
Enzyme
30
155-161
1983
Oryctolagus cuniculus, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, no activity in Canis familiaris, Rattus norvegicus
Hein, D.W.
Acetylator genotype and arylamine-induced carcinogenesis
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
948
37-66
1988
Homo sapiens, Mesocricetus auratus, Mus musculus, no activity in Canis familiaris, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
Wakefield, L.; Cornish, V.; Broackes-Carter, F.; Sim, E.
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 expression in the developing heart
J. Histochem. Cytochem.
53
583-592
2005
Mus musculus
Loehle, J.A.; Cornish, V.; Wakefield, L.; Doll, M.A.; Neale, J.R.; Zang, Y.; Sim, E.; Hein, D.W.
N-acetyltransferase (Nat) 1 and 2 expression in Nat2 knockout mice
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
319
724-728
2006
Mus musculus (P50294), Mus musculus (P50295)
Kawamura, A.; Westwood, I.; Wakefield, L.; Long, H.; Zhang, N.; Walters, K.; Redfield, C.; Sim, E.
Mouse N-acetyltransferase type 2, the homologue of human N-acetyltransferase type 1
Biochem. Pharmacol.
75
1550-1560
2008
Mus musculus
Wakefield, L.; Cornish, V.; Long, H.; Kawamura, A.; Zhang, X.; Hein, D.W.; Sim, E.
Mouse arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (Nat2) expression during embryogenesis: a potential marker for the developing neuroendocrine system
Biomarkers
13
106-118
2008
Mus musculus
Sim, E.; Westwood, I.; Fullam, E.
Arylamine N-acetyltransferases
Expert. Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol.
3
169-184
2007
Canis lupus familiaris, Homo sapiens, Mesocricetus auratus, Mus musculus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis, Mus spretus
Wakefield, L.; Long, H.; Lack, N.; Sim, E.
Ocular defects associated with a null mutation in the mouse arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 gene
Mamm. Genome
18
270-276
2007
Mus musculus
Ragunathan, N.; Dairou, J.; Pluvinage, B.; Martins, M.; Petit, E.; Janel, N.; Dupret, J.M.; Rodrigues-Lima, F.
Identification of the xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 as a new target of cisplatin in breast cancer cells: molecular and cellular mechanisms of inhibition
Mol. Pharmacol.
73
1761-1768
2008
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Hein, D.W.; Boukouvala, S.; Grant, D.M.; Minchin, R.F.; Sim, E.
Changes in consensus arylamine N-acetyltransferase gene nomenclature
Pharmacogenet. Genomics
18
367-368
2008
Gallus gallus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Homo sapiens, Mesocricetus auratus, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Erickson, R.P.; McQueen, C.A.; Chau, B.; Gokhale, V.; Uchiyama, M.; Toyoda, A.; Ejima, F.; Maho, N.; Sakaki, Y.; Gondo, Y.
An N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mutation in N-acetyltransferase 1 in mice
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
370
285-288
2008
Mus musculus
Erickson, R.; Cao, W.; Acuna, D.; Strnatka, D.; Hunter, R.; Chau, B.; Wakefield, L.; Sim, E.; Mcqueen, C.
Confirmation of the role of N-acetyltransferase 2 in teratogen-induced cleft palate using transgenics and knockouts
Mol. Reprod. Dev.
75
1071-1076
2008
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Dairou, J.; Petit, E.; Ragunathan, N.; Baeza-Squiban, A.; Marano, F.; Dupret, J.M.; Rodrigues-Lima, F.
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in bronchial epithelial cells and its inhibition by cellular oxidants
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
236
366-371
2009
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Laurieri, N.; Dairou, J.; Egleton, J.E.; Stanley, L.A.; Russell, A.J.; Dupret, J.M.; Sim, E.; Rodrigues-Lima, F.
From arylamine N-acetyltransferase to folate-dependent acetyl CoA hydrolase: impact of folic acid on the activity of (HUMAN)NAT1 and its homologue (MOUSE)NAT2
PLoS ONE
9
e96370
2014
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Laurieri, N.; Egleton, J.E.; Varney, A.; Thinnes, C.C.; Quevedo, C.E.; Seden, P.T.; Thompson, S.; Rodrigues-Lima, F.; Dairou, J.; Dupret, J.M.; Russell, A.J.; Sim, E.
A novel color change mechanism for breast cancer biomarker detection: naphthoquinones as specific ligands of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1
PLoS ONE
8
e70600
2013
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
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