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Information on EC 2.3.1.225 - protein S-acyltransferase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession Q94C49

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EC Tree
     2 Transferases
         2.3 Acyltransferases
             2.3.1 Transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups
                2.3.1.225 protein S-acyltransferase
IUBMB Comments
The enzyme catalyses the posttranslational protein palmitoylation that plays a role in protein-membrane interactions, protein trafficking, and enzyme activity. Palmitoylation increases the hydrophobicity of proteins or protein domains and contributes to their membrane association.
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This record set is specific for:
Arabidopsis thaliana
UNIPROT: Q94C49
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
hip14, dhhc3, palmitoyl acyltransferase, dhhc5, zdhhc5, dhhc2, akr1p, zdhhc3, protein acyltransferase, dhhc protein, more
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
palmitoyl-CoA:[protein]-L-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase
The enzyme catalyses the posttranslational protein palmitoylation that plays a role in protein-membrane interactions, protein trafficking, and enzyme activity. Palmitoylation increases the hydrophobicity of proteins or protein domains and contributes to their membrane association.
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
palmitoyl-CoA + [protein]-L-cysteine
[protein]-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine + CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
palmitoyl-CoA + [Pat10]-L-cysteine
[PAT10]-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine + CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
autoacylation
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + [PAT14]-L-cysteine
[PAT14]-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine + CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
autoacylation
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + [protein]-L-cysteine
[protein]-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine + CoA
show the reaction diagram
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
palmitoyl-CoA + [protein]-L-cysteine
[protein]-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine + CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
palmitoyl-CoA + [protein]-L-cysteine
[protein]-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine + CoA
show the reaction diagram
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2-Bromopalmitate
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
24 PAT family members
UniProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
expression of PAT15 is especially high in the leaf veins of 1- and 2-week-old seedlings
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
evolution
the PAT enzymes of Arabidopsis thaliana belong to the DHHC-CRD-containing PAT family, PAT enzymes share a common structure mainly composed of four predicted transmembrane domains and a stretch of Asp-His-His-Cys, DHHC, within a Cys-rich domain
physiological function
protein lipid modification of cysteine residues, referred to as S-palmitoylation or S-acylation, is an important secondary and reversible modification that regulates membrane association, trafficking, and function of target proteins. This enzymatic reaction is mediated by protein S-acyl transferases, PATs
evolution
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
ZDH18_ARATH
302
4
33548
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
34700
x * 34700, calculated
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
?
x * 34700, calculated
additional information
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
C157S
mutation in DHHC motif, mutant is not able to complement a yeast akr1 mutant strain
C192A
mutation in the DHHC motif, loss of autoacylation capacity and the ability to complement a yeast akr1 mutant
additional information
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
24 PAT genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic tree, expression of GFP-tagged PATs in yeast mutant cells
24 PAT genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic tree, expression of GFP-tagged PATs in yeast mutant cells
gene TIP, location on chromosome 2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression of TIP1 complements Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells deficient in the AKR1p S-acyl transferase
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression of isoofrm PAT14 is not developmentally regulated
isoform Pat14 is expressed ubiquitously throughout growth and development
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Hemsley, P. A.; Kemp, A. C.; Grierson, C. S.
The TIP GROWTH DEFECTIVE1 S-acyl transferase regulates plant cell growth in Arabidopsis
Plant Cell
17
2554-2563
2005
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q52T38)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Batistic, O.
Genomics and localization of the Arabidopsis DHHC-CRD S-acyltransferase protein family
Plant Physiol.
160
1597-1612
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana (B3DN87), Arabidopsis thaliana (O80685), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q0WQK2), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q3EBC2), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q3EC11), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q500Z2), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q52T38), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q5M757), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q6DR03), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q7XA86), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8L5Y5), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8VYP5), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8VYS8), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q93VV0), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q94C49), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9C533), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9FLM3), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LIE4), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LIH7), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M115), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M1K5), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M306), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9SB58), Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhou, L.Z.; Li, S.; Feng, Q.N.; Zhang, Y.L.; Zhao, X.; Zeng, Y.L.; Wang, H.; Jiang, L.; Zhang, Y.
Protein S-acyl transferase10 is critical for development and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis
Plant Cell
25
1093-1107
2013
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q7XA86), Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhang, Y.L.; Li, E.; Feng, Q.N.; Zhao, X.Y.; Ge, F.R.; Zhang, Y.; Li, S.
Protein palmitoylation is critical for the polar growth of root hairs in Arabidopsis
BMC Plant Biol.
15
50
2015
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q52T38), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q7XA86)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Qi, B.; Doughty, J.; Hooley, R.
A Golgi and tonoplast localized S-acyl transferase is involved in cell expansion, cell division, vascular patterning and fertility in Arabidopsis
New Phytol.
200
444-456
2013
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q7XA86)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Li, Y.; Scott, R.; Doughty, J.; Grant, M.; Qi, B.
Protein S-acyltransferase 14: a specific role for palmitoylation in leaf senescence in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiol.
170
415-428
2016
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8VYP5)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zhao, X.Y.; Wang, J.G.; Song, S.J.; Wang, Q.; Kang, H.; Zhang, Y.; Li, S.
Precocious leaf senescence by functional loss of PROTEIN S-ACYL TRANSFERASE14 involves the NPR1-dependent salicylic acid signaling
Sci. Rep.
6
20309
2016
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8VYP5)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Li, Y.; Xu, J.; Li, G.; Wan, S.; Batistic, O.; Sun, M.; Zhang, Y.; Scott, R.; Qi, B.
Protein S-acyl transferase 15 is involved in seed triacylglycerol catabolism during early seedling growth in Arabidopsis
J. Exp. Bot.
70
5205-5216
2019
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q500Z2)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Li, Y.; Li, H.J.; Morgan, C.; Bomblies, K.; Yang, W.; Qi, B.
Both male and female gametogenesis require a fully functional protein S-acyl transferase 21 in Arabidopsis thaliana
Plant J.
100
754-767
2019
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q6DR03)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wan, Z.Y.; Zhang, Y.; Li, S.
Protein S-acyl transferase 4 controls nucleus position during root hair tip growth
Plant Signal. Behav.
12
e1311438
2017
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9C744)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team