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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 1.7.1.B1 - xenobiotic reductase B
Word Map on EC 1.7.1.B1
- 1.7.1.B1
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nadph-cytochrome
- 4-nitrocatechol
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monooxygenations
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disulfide-containing
- sphaericus
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Pseudomonas
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
1.7.1.B1
preliminary BRENDA-supplied EC number
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
xenobiotic reductase B
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
The amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl-hydroxylamine and eventually N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline are produced. In adidtion the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
The amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl-hydroxylamine and eventually N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline are produced. In adidtion the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
The amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl-hydroxylamine and eventually N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline are produced. In adidtion the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
The amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl-hydroxylamine and eventually N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline are produced. In adidtion the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
The amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-hydroxylamine and eventually N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-amine are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
The amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-hydroxylamine and eventually N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-amine are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
The amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-hydroxylamine and eventually N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-amine are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
-
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
The amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-hydroxylamine and eventually N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-amine are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
reduction
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene:NADPH oxidoreductase
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
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i.e. 2-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene. The amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl-hydroxylamine and eventually N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptibe to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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?
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
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i.e. 2-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene. The amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl-hydroxylamine and eventually N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptibe to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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?
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
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i.e. 2-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene. The amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl-hydroxylamine and eventually N-(2-methyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-N-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptibe to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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?
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
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i.e. 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene. The amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-hydroxylamine and eventually N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-amine are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
-
?
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
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i.e. 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene. The amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-hydroxylamine and eventually N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-amine are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
-
?
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline + 2 NADP+ + H2O
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i.e. 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene. The amount of N-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline is larger than the amount of N-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,5-dinitroaniline formed. In a further nonenzymatic reaction nitrite is released and N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-hydroxylamine and eventually N,N-bis-(3,5-dinitrotolyl)-amine are produced. In addition the aromatic ring of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by hydride ions to form Meisenheimer complex intermediates (monohydride and dihydride complexes) which also form the secondary diaryl hydroxylamines and the secondary diarylamine with release of nitrite
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?
additional information
?
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ability to reduce nitroaromatic compounds, enzyme demonstrates type I and type II hydride transferase activity and reduced the nitro groups of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene to hydroxylaminodinitrotoluene derivatives. The condensations of the primary products of type I and type II hydride transferases react with each other to yield diarylamines and nitrite, the latter can be further reduced to ammonium and serves as a nitrogen source for microorganisms in vivo
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additional information
?
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ability to reduce nitroaromatic compounds, enzyme demonstrates type I and type II hydride transferase activity and reduced the nitro groups of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene to hydroxylaminodinitrotoluene derivatives. The condensations of the primary products of type I and type II hydride transferases react with each other to yield diarylamines and nitrite, the latter can be further reduced to ammonium and serves as a nitrogen source for microorganisms in vivo
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
FMN
in the primary sequence of these proteins, a number of residues involved in interactions with the FMN cofactor is found
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.048
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene
250 nM enzyme in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
Vmax is denoted with 112 micromol/min/mg protein, XenB exhibits the highest Vmax values and the most favorable Vmax/Km relationship for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene compared to those of the other active xenobiotic reductases of Pseudomonas putida KT2440
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
25
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
determined by gel filtration, molecular masses of the His6-tagged proteins XenA to XenF are in the range of 40900 to 42600 Da
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SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
monomer
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
by nickel affinity chromatography and eluted with a continuous imidazole gradient
His6-tagged protein is purified by nickel affinity chromatography and eluted with a continuous imidazole gradient.
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
For His-tagged protein production, plasmid is transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 pLysS.
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xenB gene is amplified using appropriate primers with BamHI and HindIII sites and Pseudomonas putida KT2440 chromosomal DNA as a template. After digestion with restriction enzymes, the PCR product is ligated into the pET28b(+) vector. Resulting plasmid contains the coding sequence in frame with a DNA sequence encoding a His-tag, which resulted in a hexahistidine tail. For protein-His6 expression, plasmid is transformed into Escherichia coli BL21.
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression of enzyme gene xenB is induced by S-nitrosoglutathione in a mutant lacking multidrug-resistance system MexEF-OprN
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presence of chloramphenicol does not induce expression of enzyme gene
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.7.1.B1)
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