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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 1.6.5.3 - NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H+-translocating)
Word Map on EC 1.6.5.3
- 1.6.5.3
- rotenone
- dysfunction
- parkinsonism
- neuron
- superoxide
- succinate
-
iron-sulfur
-
dopaminergic
- neurodegenerative
-
mtdna
-
submitochondrial
- nigra
-
substantia
- dopamine
- epr
- fmn
-
neurotoxicity
-
bioenergetics
- mpp+
-
rotenone-induced
-
neurotoxin
-
nuclear-encoded
- 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
- leigh
- antimycin
-
subcomplexes
-
nadh-cytochrome
- denitrificans
-
nigrostriatal
- semiquinone
-
oxphos
- yarrowia
- paracoccus
- 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- ubiquinol
- leber
-
energy-transducing
- melas
-
stroke-like
-
l-shaped
- encephalomyopathy
-
supercomplexes
-
heteroplasmic
- alginolyticus
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dna-encoded
-
i-deficient
- myxothiazole
-
ubiquinol-cytochrome
-
mpp+-induced
-
cybrids
- drug development
- degradation
- medicine
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
1.6.5.3
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H+-translocating)
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1] = NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
ping-pong mechanism
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NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1] = NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
ping-pong mechanism
-
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1] = NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
reaction mechanism, overview
-
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1] = NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
tri-bi enzyme mechanism combined with a simple model of the conformational changes associated with proton transport, hybrid ping-pong rapid-equilibrium random bi-bi catalytic mechanism, kinetic mechanism and general kinetic model for conformational change in a tri-bi enzyme mechanism, overview
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NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1] = NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
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redox reaction
reduction
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
the enzyme oxidizes NADH, produced predominantly by the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the mitochondrial matrix, and reduces ubiquinone in the inner mitochondrial membrane
redox reaction
-
no indication for primary or secondary Na+ translocation
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase
A flavoprotein (FMN) containing iron-sulfur clusters. The complex is present in mitochondria and aerobic bacteria. Breakdown of the complex can release EC 1.6.99.3, NADH dehydrogenase. In photosynthetic bacteria, reversed electron transport through this enzyme can reduce NAD+ to NADH.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9028-04-0
-
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
mutant derivative of strain BW25113 from which the nuo operon is deleted by genomic replacement
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391082, 392676, 392677, 392684, 392699, 392703, 392717, 392718, 392721, 658135, 658174, 658265, 659106, 659108, 659109, 671827, 671882, 671993, 672013, 672126, 672129, 672176, 672291, 672348, 672597, 674495, 674694, 675345, 676868, 696270, 696288, 696312, 696510, 696745, 711290, 714281, 714993, 724383, 724564, 725002, 725003, 725491
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392718, 392831, 394359, 659331, 671940, 672008, 672043, 672349, 673614, 673620, 675494, 696147, 696380, 696387, 698799, 725142, 725443, 725517
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mutant derivative of strain BW25113 from which the nuo operon is deleted by genomic replacement
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-
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392697, 671733, 672974, 673615, 675345, 690713, 691039, 691049, 692447, 692992, 693815, 694192, 694352, 694936, 695189, 696382, 696388, 697166, 698312, 699152, 726174
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
evolution
malfunction
physiological function
additional information
evolution
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the complex I subunits NuoL, NuoM and NuoN are homologous to two proteins, MrpA and MrpD, from one particular class of Na+/H+ antiporters. In many bacteria MrpA and MrpD are encoded by an operon comprising 6-7 conserved genes
evolution
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complex I has been subject to a phenomenal increase in size that predates the diversification of extant eukaryotes, followed by very few lineage-specific additions/losses of subunits
evolution
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bacterial Complex I is about half the size of the mitochondrial enzyme and is composed of only 13, in Escherichia coli, subunits representing a minimum functional version of the mitochondrial enzyme and performing the same function of coupling redox reaction to proton translocation. Prokaryotic Complex I is much more fragile than the eukaryotic mitochondrial enzyme
evolution
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bacterial Complex I is about half the size of the mitochondrial enzyme and is composed of only 13, in Escherichia coli, subunits representing a minimum functional version of the mitochondrial enzyme and performing the same function of coupling redox reaction to proton translocation. Prokaryotic Complex I is much more fragile than the eukaryotic mitochondrial enzyme
evolution
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bacterial Complex I is about half the size of the mitochondrial enzyme and is composed of only 13, in Escherichia coli, subunits representing a minimum functional version of the mitochondrial enzyme of eukaryotes and performing the same function of coupling redox reaction to proton translocation. Prokaryotic Complex I is much more fragile than the eukaryotic mitochondrial enzyme
malfunction
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electron transfer and proton translocation activity of complex I variants lacking either NuoL or parts of the C-terminal domain, overview
malfunction
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deletion of either mrpA or mrpD from the Bacillus subtilis chromosome resulted in a Na+ and pH sensitive growth phenotype. NuoL can rescue Bacillus subtilis DELTAmrpA, but improved the growth of Bacillus subtilis DELTAmrpD only slightly. NuoN can restore the wild type properties of Bacillus subtilis DELTAmrpD, but has no effect on the ?mrpA strain. Expression of NuoM does not result in any growth improvement under these conditions. This reveals that the complex I subunits NuoL, NuoM and NuoN also demonstrate functional specializations
malfunction
Chlamydomonas sp.
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when present in the homoplasmic state in the alga, the mutation does not prevent assembly of the whole complex I, the NADH dehydrogenase activity of the peripheral arm of the complex is mildly affected. The NADH:duroquinone oxidoreductase activity is strongly reduced, suggesting that the substitution could affect binding of ubiquinone to the membrane domain. The membrane potential is not affected in mutant mitochondria. The in vitro defects correlate with a decrease in dark respiration and growth rate in vivo, phenotype, overview
malfunction
-
defects in complex I are the most frequent cause of human respiratory disorders. Substitution L158P does not lead to any respiratory enzyme defects when present in the heteroplasmic state in a patient with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia
malfunction
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electron transfer and proton translocation activity of complex I variants lacking either NuoL or parts of the C-terminal domain, overview
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physiological function
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involved in aromatic amino acid metabolism
physiological function
Vitis vinifera x Vitis vinifera
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involved in aromatic amino acid metabolism
physiological function
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the NuoG subunit of the type I NADH dehydrogenase, NDH-1, is important in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-mediated inhibition of host macrophage apoptosis, the NDH-1 complex is important for NOX2 neutralization in host macrophages
physiological function
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NDE2 is the main external dehydrogenase responsible for the oxidation of cytosolic NADH and NADPH under physiological conditions
physiological function
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Ndi1p functionally interacts with the nematode respiratory chain and contributes to the formation of the mitochondrial membrane potential in vivo. Ndi1p expression results in significantly improved reproductive success, better survival under conditions of oxidative stress, fewer signs of premature aging, increased respiration rates and a complete restoration of the in vivo mitochondrial membrane potential in Caenorhabditis elegans nuo-1 mutants. However, Ndi1p is not able to fully replace complex I and cannot support larval development when complex I is missing
physiological function
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respiratory complex I couples the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone with a translocation of protons across the membrane
physiological function
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NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) is a complicated respiratory enzyme that conserves the energy from NADH oxidation, coupled to ubiquinone reduction, as a proton motive force across the mitochondrial inner membrane. During catalysis, NADH oxidation by a flavin mononucleotide is followed by electron transfer to a chain of iron-sulfur clusters. Alternatively, the flavin may be reoxidized by hydrophilic electron acceptors, by artificial electron acceptors in kinetic studies, or by oxygen and redox-cycling molecules to produce reactive oxygen species
physiological function
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MrpA transports Na+ whereas MrpD transports H+ in opposite directions, resulting in antiporter activity, besides one Na+ channel, NuoL, and two H+ channels, NuoM and NuoN, are present.
physiological function
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complex I is one of the respiratory complexes that generate the proton-motive force required for the synthesis of ATP in mitochondria. The electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone through protein-bound prosthetic groups, which is coupled to the translocation of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane
physiological function
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the flavin mononucleotide in complex I catalyzes NADH oxidation, O2 reduction to superoxide, and the reduction of several artificial electron acceptors
physiological function
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Complex I catalyzes two-electron NADH oxidation and ubiquinone reduction coupled to the transmembrane translocation of 3 or 4 H+ from negatively charged side (N-side, cytoplasm or mitochondrial matrix) to positively charged side (P-side, periplasm or mitochondrial intermembrane space) of the membrane per 2 electrons
physiological function
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Complex I catalyzes two-electron NADH oxidation and ubiquinone reduction coupled to the transmembrane translocation of 3 or 4H+ from negatively charged side (N-side, cytoplasm or mitochondrial matrix) to positively charged side (P-side, periplasm or mitochondrial intermembrane space) of the membrane per 2 electrons
physiological function
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Complex I catalyzes two-electron NADH oxidation and ubiquinone reduction coupled to the transmembrane translocation of 3 or 4H+ from negatively charged side (N-side, cytoplasm or mitochondrial matrix) to positively charged side (P-side, periplasm or mitochondrial intermembrane space) of the membrane per 2 electrons
physiological function
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the respiratory complex I couples the electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone with a translocation of protons across the membrane
physiological function
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in mitochondria, complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) uses the redox potential energy from NADH oxidation by ubiquinone to transport protons across the inner membrane, contributing to the proton-motive force
physiological function
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NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) pumps protons across the membrane using downhill redox energy
physiological function
The enzyme's major function is the transfer of two electrons from NADH (matrix side) to ubiquinone (inner mitochondrial membrane), biochemical function and physiological role of diverse plant specific complex I subunits, overview
physiological function
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Ndi1p functionally interacts with the nematode respiratory chain and contributes to the formation of the mitochondrial membrane potential in vivo. Ndi1p expression results in significantly improved reproductive success, better survival under conditions of oxidative stress, fewer signs of premature aging, increased respiration rates and a complete restoration of the in vivo mitochondrial membrane potential in Caenorhabditis elegans nuo-1 mutants. However, Ndi1p is not able to fully replace complex I and cannot support larval development when complex I is missing
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physiological function
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respiratory complex I couples the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone with a translocation of protons across the membrane
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physiological function
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the NuoG subunit of the type I NADH dehydrogenase, NDH-1, is important in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-mediated inhibition of host macrophage apoptosis, the NDH-1 complex is important for NOX2 neutralization in host macrophages
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additional information
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the complex consists of a peripheral arm catalyzing the electron transfer reaction and a membrane arm involved in proton translocation. The energy released by the redox reaction is transmitted to the membrane arm via a conformational change in the horizontal helix. The helix corresponds to the C-terminal part of the most distal subunit NuoL. The C-terminal domain of NuoL is essential for the translocation of 2H+/2e-
additional information
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mechanism of NADH oxidation by complex I, the adenosine moiety of NADH is crucial for binding, overview
additional information
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the accessory’ subunits of eukaryotic complex I bear an allosteric ATP binding site
additional information
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the accessory subunits of eukaryotic complex I bear an allosteric ATP binding site
additional information
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the accessory subunits of eukaryotic complex I bear an allosteric ATP binding site
additional information
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NuoA is a small membrane spanning subunit of respiratory chain NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (complex I). Unlike the other complex I core protein subunits, the NuoA protein has no known homologue in other enzyme systems
additional information
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potential energy profile for the Complex I substrates and cofactors, overview
additional information
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potential energy profile for the Complex I substrates and cofactors, overview
additional information
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potential energy profile for the Complex I substrates and cofactors, overview. Redox potentials of mitochondrial respiratory complexes, overview. Two domains, hydrophilic and hydrophobic, constitute Complex I. The hydrophilic domain of Complex I contains noncovalently bound FMN and 8-9 FeS clusters, 8 of which are organized as a continuous eT chain connecting FMN and a UQ binding site. One or two UQ-binding sites are located at the interface between the hydrophilic and membrane Complex I domains or in the membrane domain close to the interface area. The hydrophilic domain is composed of 6 or 7 core subunits and protrudes to cytoplasm or mitochondrial matrix. The substrate binding site is located in the open cleft on the surface of the protein. The conserved residues aligning this solvent-accessible cavity form an unusual Rossmann fold, which provides tight packing of the substrate, ensures the planar condensed system of the nicotinamide and the FMN isoalloxazine rings and therefore determines high affinity to NADH, substrate specificity and high rate of hydride transfer to FMN. Structure-function modeling, different mechanistic models, detailed overview
additional information
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the deactive state of complex I is formed during hypoxia, when respiratory chain turnover is slowed, and may contribute to determining the outcome of ischemia-reperfusion injury
additional information
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the complex consists of a peripheral arm catalyzing the electron transfer reaction and a membrane arm involved in proton translocation. The energy released by the redox reaction is transmitted to the membrane arm via a conformational change in the horizontal helix. The helix corresponds to the C-terminal part of the most distal subunit NuoL. The C-terminal domain of NuoL is essential for the translocation of 2H+/2e-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+
2,3-dimethyl-1,4-hydronaphthoquinol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
amplex red + NADH + O2
resorufin + NAD+ + H2O2
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the rate of H2O2 formation by complex I strongly depends upon the NAD+/NADH ratio
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?
deamino-NADH + dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
deamino-NAD+ + reduced dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
-
-
-
-
?
deamino-nicotinamide-adeninedinucleotide + n-decylubiquinone
? + n-decylubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
dihydroethidium + O2
ethidium + H2O2
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dihydroethidium reduction shows that, upon reducing O2, it produces approximately 20% superoxide and 80% H2O2
-
-
?
NADH + 1,1'-carbamoylmethylviologen
NAD+ + reduced 1,1'-carbamoylmethylviologen
-
-
-
-
r
NADH + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
NADH + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
NAD+ + 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2-[(2,6-dimethylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2-[(2-chloro-6-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2-[(2-chloro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2-[(6-chloro-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2-[(6-chloro-2-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2-[(6-chloroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone
NAD+ + 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
NAD+ + 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + 5,8-dioxo-1,4-naphthoquinone
NAD+ + 5,8-dioxo-1,4-naphthoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + idebenone
NAD+ + ?
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studies of ubiquinone reduction by isolated complex I are problematic because the extremely hydrophobic natural substrate, ubiquinone-10, must be substituted with a relatively hydrophilic analogue (such as ubiquinone-1). Hydrophilic ubiquinones are reduced by an additional, non-energy-transducing pathway. Inhibitor-insensitive ubiquinone reduction occurs by a ping-pong type mechanism, catalyzed by the flavin mononucleotide cofactor in the active site for NADH oxidation. Moreover, semiquinones produced at the flavin site initiate redox cycling reactions with molecular oxygen, producing superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide. The ubiquinone reactant is regenerated, so the NADH:Q reaction becomes superstoichiometric. Idebenone, an artificial ubiquinone, reacts at the flavin site
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + menaquinone
NAD+ + menaquinol
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the enzyme plays an essential role in maintaining a reduced ubiquinone-pool during infection (Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agents of tuberculosis). The enzyme is not only essential to parasite survival in vivo but may also contribute to the severity and outcome of disease. Type II NADH:quinone oxidoreductase the membrane-bound respiratory enzyme differs from the canonical NADH:dehydrogenase (complex I), because it is not involved in the vectorial transfer of protons across membranes. Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains a branched respiratory chain terminating in a cytochrome bd (quinol) oxidase and an aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase. Both chains are fed by a menaquinol (MQH2) pool that is generated by four dehydrogenases; one succinate menaquinone oxidoreductase (SQR), one multimeric type I NADH: dehydrogenase (complex I), and two type II NADH: menaquinone oxidoreductases (ndh and ndhA). Transposon insertion knockout strategy reveals that disruption of the ndh gene is lethal
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + oxidized dichlorophenolindophenol
NAD+ + reduced dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + tetramethyl-1,4-benzoquinone
NAD+ + tetramethyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + nitroblue tetrazolium
NAD+ + reduced nitroblue tetrazolium
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
NADPH + 2-methylnaphthoquinone
NADP+ + ?
-
about 1% of the activity with NADH
-
-
?
NADPH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NADP+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
NADPH is a poor substrate of the complex
-
-
?
oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + NADH + H+
reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + deamino-NADH
2 ferrocyanide + deamino-NAD+ + H+
-
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + deamino-NADH
2 ferrocyanide + deamino-NAD+ + H+
-
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NADH
2 ferrocyanide + NAD+ + H+
-
232.7% of the activity with ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NADH
2 ferrocyanide + NAD+ + H+
-
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NADH
2 ferrocyanide + NAD+ + H+
-
activity is 27.4fold of the activity with ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NADPH
2 ferrocyanide + NADP+ + H+
-
0.13% of the activity with NADH and ferricyanide
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NADPH
2 ferrocyanide + NADP+ + H+
-
about 1% of the activity with NADH
-
-
?
2 ferricytochrome c + NADH
2 ferrocytochrome c + NAD+ + H+
-
8.3% of the activity with ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
2 ferricytochrome c + NADH
2 ferrocytochrome c + NAD+ + H+
-
-
-
-
?
2 ferricytochrome c + NADH
2 ferrocytochrome c + NAD+ + H+
-
12%-16% of the activity with ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
2 ferricytochrome c + NADH
2 ferrocytochrome c + NAD+ + H+
-
-
-
-
?
2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+
2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol + NAD+
-
specific for NADH
-
-
?
2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+
2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol + NAD+
-
i.e. menadione
-
-
?
NADH + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
NAD+ + ?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + 2-methylnaphthoquinone
NAD+ + ?
-
7.6% of the activity with ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
NADH + decylubiquinone
NAD+ + decylubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + decylubiquinone
NAD+ + decylubiquinol
-
no activity with the enzymatically active subcomplexes Ilambda, IS, and IlamdaS at similar rates to complex I
-
-
?
NADH + decylubiquinone
NAD+ + decylubiquinol
-
ordered sequential mechanism in which the order of substrate bindings and product release is: NADH, decylubiquinone, decylubiquinol, NAD+
-
-
?
NADH + duroquinone
NAD+ + duroquinol
-
64.5% of the activity with ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + coenzyme Q1
NAD+ + reduced coenzyme Q1
-
ordered sequential mechanism in which the order of substrate binding and product release is coenzyme Q1, NADH, NAD+ and reduced coenzyme coenzyme Q1
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + decylubiquinone
NAD+ + decylubiquinol
-
decylubiquinone is slightly better than ubiquinone-1 as electron acceptor
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + decylubiquinone
NAD+ + decylubiquinol
-
the enzyme is selective for NADH
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
conserved lysine residues of the membrane subunit NuoM are involved in energy conversion by the proton-pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
the energy-converting NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (respiratory complex I), couples the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone with the translocation of protons across the membrane
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase or complex I is a large multisubunit assembly of the mitochondrial inner membrane that channels high-energy electrons from metabolic NADH into the electron transport chain. Its dysfunction is associated with a range of progressive neurological disorders, often characterized by a very early onset and short devastating course. Reduction in cellular complex I activity leads to a depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in a decreased supply of mitochondrial ATP to the Ca2+-ATPases of the intracellular stores and thus to a reduced Ca2+ content of these stores
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone-0
NAD+ + ubiquinol-0
-
prefers ubiquinol-0 as an acceptor substrate, and can also use the artificial electron acceptors, menadione and dichlorophenol–indophenol
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone-1
NAD+ + ubiquinol-1
-
formation of the semiquinone signals during steady state electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone-1
NAD+ + ubiquinol-1
-
studies of ubiquinone reduction by isolated complex I are problematic because the extremely hydrophobic natural substrate, ubiquinone-10, must be substituted with a relatively hydrophilic analogue (such as ubiquinone-1). Hydrophilic ubiquinones are reduced by an additional, non-energy-transducing pathway. Inhibitor-insensitive ubiquinone reduction occurs by a ping-pong type mechanism, catalyzed by the flavin mononucleotide cofactor in the active site for NADH oxidation. Moreover, semiquinones produced at the flavin site initiate redox cycling reactions with molecular oxygen, producing superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide. The ubiquinone reactant is regenerated, so the NADH:Q reaction becomes superstoichiometric. Idebenone, an artificial ubiquinone, reacts at the flavin site
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone-10
NAD+ + ubiquinol-10
-
the natural substrate ubiquinone-10 is extremely hydrophobic
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone-10
NAD+ + ubiquinol-10
-
studies of ubiquinone reduction by isolated complex I are problematic because the extremely hydrophobic natural substrate, ubiquinone-10, must be substituted with a relatively hydrophilic analogue (such as ubiquinone-1). Hydrophilic ubiquinones are reduced by an additional, non-energy-transducing pathway. Inhibitor-insensitive ubiquinone reduction occurs by a ping-pong type mechanism, catalyzed by the flavin mononucleotide cofactor in the active site for NADH oxidation. Moreover, semiquinones produced at the flavin site initiate redox cycling reactions with molecular oxygen, producing superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide. The ubiquinone reactant is regenerated, so the NADH:Q reaction becomes superstoichiometric. Idebenone, an artificial ubiquinone, reacts at the flavin site
-
-
?
NADH + menadione
NAD+ + menadiol
-
menadione is a poor electron acceptor
-
?
NADH + n-decylubiquinone + H+
NAD+ + n-decylubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + O2
NAD+ + superoxide radical
-
addition of NADH, but not decylubiquinol, leads to superoxide production
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
41.7% of the activity with ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol is a poor electron acceptor
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol as electron acceptor
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
-
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H+
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
NADH-ubiquinone reductase complex I is involved in the respiratory chain
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
vectorial electron translocation is coupled to electron transfer
-
-
-
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
mutations in NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH of Escherichia coli affect growth on mixed amino acids, because the large NADH/NAD+ ratio inhibits enzymes, e.g. citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase, shared by the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the glyoxylate shunt
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
the enzyme catalyzes the transfer of electrons without translocation of protons across the membrane
-
-
-
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
proton-translocating NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase is the largest multiprotein complex of the respiratory chain
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
-
391082, 392676, 392677, 392684, 392691, 392699, 392703, 392717, 392718, 392721, 671827, 671993, 672129, 672176, 672291, 672348, 672597, 675345, 676868
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
proton-translocating enzyme
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
proton-translocating enzyme
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
proton-translocating enzyme
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
proton-translocating enzyme
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
electron transfer path from FMN to ubiquinone through the FeS cluster chain. Upon the oxidation of one NADH molecule 4H+ are translocated across the membrane from N-side (cytoplasm, equivalent to the mitochondrial matrix) to P-side (periplasm, equivalent to the mitochondrial intermembrane space)
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone-1
NAD+ + ubiquinol-1
-
reaction is catalyzed by the enzymatically active subcomplexes Ilambda, IS, and IlamdaS at similar rates to complex I
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone-6
NAD+ + ubiquinol-6
-
86% of the activity with ubiquinone-1
-
-
?
NADPH + H+ + ubiquinone
NADP+ + ubiquinol
-
the enzyme has a lower affinity to NADPH than to NADH
-
-
?
NADPH + H+ + ubiquinone
NADP+ + ubiquinol
-
the enzyme has a lower affinity to NADPH than to NADH
-
-
?
ubiquinone-1 + NADH + H+
ubiquinol-1 + NAD+
-
the protein shows NADH-ubiquinone-1 oxidoreductase activity, NADPH oxidase (EC 1.6.3.1) and NADPH-ubiquinone-1 oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.5.2) activities
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NADH-NADP transhydrogenation at a very slow rate
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
no redox-coupled Na+ transport, but the deactive form of complex I, which is formed spontaneously when enzyme turnover is precluded by lack of substrates, is a Na+/H+ antiporter. The antiporter activity is Na+-specific and is abolished upon reactivation by the addition of substrates and by the complex I inhibitor rotenone. It is specific for Na+ over K+
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme shows also rotenone-insensitive NADH:hexaammineruthenium III (HAR) oxidoreductase activity
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the positively-charged electron acceptors paraquat and hexaammineruthenium(III) react with the nucleotide-bound reduced flavin in complex I, by an unusual ternary mechanism, overview. The mechanism for paraquat reduction defines another mechanism for superoxide production by complex I by redox cycling
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
complex I is a primary electrogenic proton pump and may be capable of secondary sodium antiport. The magnitude of the pH-gradient depends on the sodium concentration
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
FMN-dependent NADH-quinone reductase induced by menadione
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.5.3) constitutes the entry point of electrons in the electron transport chain. Mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase or complex I (CI) is a frequently affected enzyme in cases of mitochondrial disorders
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme mediates electron transfer to particulate methane monooxygenase
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
does not react with NADPH or oxygen
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme catalyzes the transfer electrons from NADH to quinone substrates by a nonclassical, two-site pingpong kinetic mechanism whereby substrate quinones bind to a site that is distinct from the NADH-binding site. Presence of two binding sites for quinone ligands, one favoring the reduced form and the other favoring the oxidized form
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme shows also rotenone-insensitive NADH:hexaammineruthenium III (HAR) oxidoreductase activity. The enzyme NDH-1 catalyzes a number of the NADH:artificial electron acceptor oxidoreductase activities showing particularly high turnover numbers with ferricyanide and hexaammineruthenium(III), kinetic patterns of the steady-state NADH oxidation with these two electron acceptors, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with coenzyme Q4 and coenzyme QD
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
superoxide production from complex I is large under conditions of reverse electron transport. Production of superoxide by complex I during reverse electron transport is at least 3fold more sensitive to the pH gradient than to the membrane potential
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
superoxide production rates by complex I during reverse electron transfer are much greater than during forwards electron transfer. The major site of superoxide production in complex I is the quinpone-binding site, it is most likely a semiquinone
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride, i.e. HAR, can act as artificial electron acceptor. The rate of NADH oxidation by the artificial electron acceptor HAR is about 10fold higher than NADH oxidase activity and is insensitive to rotenone and piericidin
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
no redox-coupled Na+ transport and no Na+/H+ antiporter function by the enzyme from Yarrowia lipolytica
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme shows also rotenone-insensitive NADH:hexaammineruthenium III (HAR) oxidoreductase activity
-
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
NADH + H+ + menaquinone
NAD+ + menaquinol
-
the enzyme plays an essential role in maintaining a reduced ubiquinone-pool during infection (Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agents of tuberculosis). The enzyme is not only essential to parasite survival in vivo but may also contribute to the severity and outcome of disease. Type II NADH:quinone oxidoreductase the membrane-bound respiratory enzyme differs from the canonical NADH:dehydrogenase (complex I), because it is not involved in the vectorial transfer of protons across membranes. Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains a branched respiratory chain terminating in a cytochrome bd (quinol) oxidase and an aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase. Both chains are fed by a menaquinol (MQH2) pool that is generated by four dehydrogenases; one succinate menaquinone oxidoreductase (SQR), one multimeric type I NADH: dehydrogenase (complex I), and two type II NADH: menaquinone oxidoreductases (ndh and ndhA). Transposon insertion knockout strategy reveals that disruption of the ndh gene is lethal
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone-10
NAD+ + ubiquinol-10
-
the natural substrate ubiquinone-10 is extremely hydrophobic
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
conserved lysine residues of the membrane subunit NuoM are involved in energy conversion by the proton-pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
the energy-converting NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (respiratory complex I), couples the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone with the translocation of protons across the membrane
-
-
?
NADH + H+ + ubiquinone
NAD+ + ubiquinol
-
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase or complex I is a large multisubunit assembly of the mitochondrial inner membrane that channels high-energy electrons from metabolic NADH into the electron transport chain. Its dysfunction is associated with a range of progressive neurological disorders, often characterized by a very early onset and short devastating course. Reduction in cellular complex I activity leads to a depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in a decreased supply of mitochondrial ATP to the Ca2+-ATPases of the intracellular stores and thus to a reduced Ca2+ content of these stores
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
NADH-ubiquinone reductase complex I is involved in the respiratory chain
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
vectorial electron translocation is coupled to electron transfer
-
-
-
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
mutations in NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH of Escherichia coli affect growth on mixed amino acids, because the large NADH/NAD+ ratio inhibits enzymes, e.g. citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase, shared by the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the glyoxylate shunt
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
the enzyme catalyzes the transfer of electrons without translocation of protons across the membrane
-
-
-
NADH + ubiquinone
?
-
proton-translocating NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase is the largest multiprotein complex of the respiratory chain
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
electron transfer path from FMN to ubiquinone through the FeS cluster chain. Upon the oxidation of one NADH molecule 4H+ are translocated across the membrane from N-side (cytoplasm, equivalent to the mitochondrial matrix) to P-side (periplasm, equivalent to the mitochondrial intermembrane space)
-
-
?
NADH + ubiquinone + 6 H+[side 1]
NAD+ + ubiquinol + 7 H+[side 2]
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no redox-coupled Na+ transport, but the deactive form of complex I, which is formed spontaneously when enzyme turnover is precluded by lack of substrates, is a Na+/H+ antiporter. The antiporter activity is Na+-specific and is abolished upon reactivation by the addition of substrates and by the complex I inhibitor rotenone. It is specific for Na+ over K+
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
complex I is a primary electrogenic proton pump and may be capable of secondary sodium antiport. The magnitude of the pH-gradient depends on the sodium concentration
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
FMN-dependent NADH-quinone reductase induced by menadione
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.5.3) constitutes the entry point of electrons in the electron transport chain. Mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase or complex I (CI) is a frequently affected enzyme in cases of mitochondrial disorders
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme mediates electron transfer to particulate methane monooxygenase
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
superoxide production from complex I is large under conditions of reverse electron transport. Production of superoxide by complex I during reverse electron transport is at least 3fold more sensitive to the pH gradient than to the membrane potential
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
superoxide production rates by complex I during reverse electron transfer are much greater than during forwards electron transfer. The major site of superoxide production in complex I is the quinpone-binding site, it is most likely a semiquinone
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
no redox-coupled Na+ transport and no Na+/H+ antiporter function by the enzyme from Yarrowia lipolytica
-
-
-
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
riboflavin
complex contains one non-covalently bound FAD, one noncovalently bound riboflavin, ubiquinone-8 and a [2Fe–2S] cluster.. The phosphate group is attached at the 5'-position of the ribityl as in authentic FMN and the NADH:quinone oxidoreductase contains approximately 1.7 mol covalently bound FMN per mol non-covalently bound FAD. Each of the single NqrB and NqrC subunits in the NADH:quinone oxidoreductase carries a single FMN
Ubiquinone-10
-
the enzyme contains 4.2-4.5 mol of ubiquinone-10 per 650000 Da enzyme
ubiquinone-8
complex contains one non-covalently bound FAD, one noncovalently bound riboflavin, ubiquinone-8 and a [2Fe–2S] cluster
[2Fe-2S]-center
complex contains one non-covalently bound FAD, one noncovalently bound riboflavin, ubiquinone-8 and a [2Fe–2S] cluster
FAD
-
requires FMN or FAD as cofactor, FMN is more effective. Half-maximum activity is obtained with 0.00054 mM FMN or 0.0165 mM FAD
FAD
complex contains one non-covalently bound FAD, one noncovalently bound riboflavin, ubiquinone-8 and a [2Fe–2S] cluster. The phosphate group is attached at the 5'-position of the ribityl as in authentic FMN and the NADH:quinone oxidoreductase contains approximately 1.7 mol covalently bound FMN per mol non-covalently bound FAD
FMN
-
enzyme requires FMN or FAD as cofactor, FMN is 30times more effective. Half-maximum activity is obtained with 0.00054 mM FMN or 0.0165 mM FAD
FMN
-
covalently attached. The average reduction potential of the FMN is + 160 mV, at 25°C and pH 6.5
FMN
-
contains non-covalently bound flavin mononucleotide. Hydrophilic ubiquinones are reduced by an additional, non-energy-transducing pathway. Inhibitor-insensitive ubiquinone reduction occurs by a ping-pong type mechanism, catalyzed by the flavin mononucleotide cofactor in the active site for NADH oxidation
NADH
-
binding to the enzyme results in a conformational change, in the coenzyme Q binding site, which enables the site to accept coenzyme Q with a side chain significantly larger than one isoprenoid unit
NADH
-
both arms of the Escherichia coli complex I are widened after the addition of NADH but not of NADPH. NADH-induced conformational changes are also detected in solution
NADH
-
the NADH binding site is located in the matrix of mitochondria and their inner membrane is impermeable for NADH
NADH
-
the adenosine moiety is crucial for binding, while the nicotinamide is detrimental to binding
NADH
-
-
NADH
-
binding of NADH includes interactions of the hydroxyl groups of the adenosine ribose with a conserved glutamic acid residue. Structural analysis revealed that due to steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion, this residue most likely prevents the binding of NADPH, which is a poor substrate of the complex
NADH
-
-
391082, 392676, 392677, 392684, 392691, 392692, 392699, 392703, 392717, 392718, 392721, 658135, 658174, 659106, 659109, 671827, 671882, 671993, 672013, 672126, 672129, 672176, 672291, 672348, 672597, 674495, 674694, 675345, 676868, 696270, 696288, 696312, 696510, 707505, 711290, 714281, 714993, 724564, 725002, 725003, 725491
NADH
-
-
392678, 392681, 392682, 392692, 392718, 392831, 659206, 659331, 671940, 672008, 672041, 672043, 672349, 673614, 673620, 673940, 674624, 675494, 696380, 724310, 725142, 725517
NADPH
-
addition of NADH but not NADPH leads to an extension of the overall structure of the complex, although all cofactors of the complex are reduced by NADPH
additional information
-
the enzyme contains only substoichiometric amounts of ubiquinone-9, 0.2-0.4 mol/mol
-
additional information
-
[2Fe-2S] cluster N1a is not the reductant of O2 in complex I, but has a specific role in determining the outcome of O2 reduction
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Fe
Fe-S
Fe2+
Iron
[4Fe-4S] center
Fe
-
contains eight iron-sulfur clusters. Seven of them transfer electrons between the flavin and the quinone-binding site, and one is on the opposite side of the flavin. Reduction of the iron-sulfur clusters in mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) by the very low potential reductant EuII-diethylenetriamine-N,N,N',N'',N''-pentaacetate
Fe
-
iron-sulfur cluster N5 is coordinated by an HXXXCXXCXXXXXC motif in the NuoG subunit
Fe
-
signal shape and g values of cluster N4 [4Fe(G)C], are particularly sensitive to the changes of the environment around N4
Fe2+
-
8-9 FeS clusters per enzyme molecule, 8 of which are organized as a continuous eT chain connecting FMN and a ubiquinone binding site. Thermodynamic properties of FeS clusters, overview
Fe2+
-
8-9 FeS clusters per enzyme molecule, 8 of which are organized as a continuous eT chain connecting FMN and a ubiquinone binding site. Thermodynamic properties of FeS clusters, overview
Fe2+
-
8-9 FeS clusters per enzyme molecule, 8 of which are organized as a continuous eT chain connecting FMN and a ubiquinone binding site. Thermodynamic properties of FeS clusters, overview
Iron
-
contains 4 major iron centers, contains 16-18 gatoms of iron per 650000 Da enzyme
Iron
-
enzyme contains Fe-S clusters; the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex is composed of three distinct fragments: 1. IP: a water soluble Fe-S-protein that is composed of 5-6 polypeptides and contains four Fe-S clusters, 2. FP: a water-soluble Fe-S-flavoprotein that is composed of three polypeptides and contains FMN and two Fe-S clusters, 3. a water-insoluble fraction containing phospholipids and hydrophobic polypeptides
Iron
-
at least 4 different species of low-potential iron-sulfur clusters, characterization of the Fe-S clusters
Iron
-
enzyme contains 10.6 atoms of iron and 12.7 atoms of sulfur per dodecamer
Iron
-
2 binuclear and 3 tetranuclear EPR detectable iron-sulfur clusters. Cluster N-1a is the most labile component among the five iron sulfur clusters; enzyme contains Fe-S clusters
Iron
-
the enzyme contains at least 5 EPR-visible iron-sulfur clusters. The NQO3 subunits contains at least two distinct iron-sulfur clusters: 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster with axial EPR signals and a [4Fe-4S] cluster with rhombic symmetry. The midpoint redox potentials of [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters at pH 8.6 is -472 mV and -391 mV, respectively
Iron
-
enzyme complex contains up to 8 iron-sulfur clusters, 2 * [2Fe-2S] and 6 * [4Fe-4S]
Iron
-
the enzyme contains at most nine putative iron-sulfur cluster binding sites, the NQO2 subunit bears a single [2Fe-2S] cluster, the NQO3 subunit contains multiple iron-sulfur clusters: one [2Fe-2S] cluster, one [4Fe-4S] cluster and possibly another [4Fe-4S] cluster
Iron
-
the CXXCXXXCX27C motif in the NQO3 subunit most likely ligates the [4Fe-4S] cluster
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-5-propyloctyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]-5-propylnonan-1-ol
-
IC50: 870 nM
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undecan-1-ol
-
IC50: 280 nM
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyheptyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]pentadecan-1-ol
-
IC50: 34 nM
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyheptyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undecan-1-ol
-
IC50: 3.2 nM
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxynonyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridecan-1-ol
-
IC50: 7.5 nM
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxypropyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undecan-1-ol
-
IC50: 45 nM
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundec-3-yn-1-yl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]dodec-4-yn-1-ol
-
-
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]dodecan-1-ol
-
-
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undeca-3,5,7,9-tetrayn-1-ol
-
IC50: 0.000172 mM
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-5-ethyl-1-hydroxyoctyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undecan-1-ol
-
IC50: 27 nM
(1R)-5-ethyl-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-5-propyloctyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]octan-1-ol
-
IC50: 1500 nM
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-((2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyl)-bis-(6-(4-n-butylphenoxy)hex-3-yn-1-ol)
-
-
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-((2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyl)-bis-(6-(4-n-butylphenoxy)hexan-1-ol)
-
-
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diylbis(5-[4-[(E)-(4-butylphenyl)diazenyl]phenoxy]pentan-1-ol)
-
48 nM, 70% inhibition
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diylbis(5-[4-[(Z)-(4-butylphenyl)diazenyl]phenoxy]pentan-1-ol)
-
48 nM, 70% inhibition
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diylbis[6-(2-butylphenoxy)hexan-1-ol]
-
IC50: 1000 nM
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diylbis[6-(4-butylphenoxy)hexan-1-ol]
-
IC50: 0.83 nM
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyldihexan-1-ol
-
IC50: 4500 nM
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyldioctan-1-ol
-
IC50: 45 nM
(5S)-3-[(10R)-10-hydroxy-10-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1 hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]decyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.0000012 mM
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-8-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
; IC50: 0.00000083 mM
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]trideca-4,6,8,10-tetrayn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.0000017 mM
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1S)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-10-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.000001 mM
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1S)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-4-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.00000085 mM
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]trideca-4,6,8,10-tetrayn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.00028 mM
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]tridecyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.0000023 mM
(5S)-3-[(13S)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxytriecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]tridecyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.0000051 mM
(5S)-3-[(16R)-16-hydroxy-16-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]hexadecyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.000013 mM
(5S)-3-[(19R)-19-hydroxy-19-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]nonadecyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.000271 mM
(5S)-3-[(2E,13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-2-en-4-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.0000011 mM
(5S)-3-[(5R)-5-hydroxy-5-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]pentyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.000014 mM
(5S)-3-[(7E,13S)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]tridec-7-en-9-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.0000052 mM
(5S)-3-[(8E,13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1S)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-8-en-10-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.00000092 mM
(5S)-3-[(8R)-8-hydroxy-8-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]octyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
IC50: 0.0000016 mM
(5S)-3-[4-[(E)-(4-[[(4R)-4-hydroxy-4-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]butyl]oxy]phenyl)diazenyl]benzyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
-
(5S)-3-[4-[(E)-(4-[[(7R)-7-hydroxy-7-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]heptyl]oxy]phenyl)diazenyl]benzyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
-
(5S)-3-[4-[(Z)-(4-[[(4R)-4-hydroxy-4-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]butyl]oxy]phenyl)diazenyl]benzyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
-
(5S)-3-[4-[(Z)-(4-[[(7R)-7-hydroxy-7-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]heptyl]oxy]phenyl)diazenyl]benzyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
-
-
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
-
complex I inhibitor, which has no effect on mediobasal hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular dopamine neurons, but significantly increases the percentage of apoptag immunoreactive neurons in midbrain primary nigrostriatal dopamine and mesolimbic dopamine cultures
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion
-
inhibition of mitochondrial complex I. Neuroprotective effects of caffeine in the MPP+ model of apoptosis are mediated through activation of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated enzyme/p53 pathway. Caffeine decreases the expression of cyclin D and the transcription factor E2F-1, a regulator of apoptosis in neurons. Caffeine-mediated neuroprotection is not mediated through blockade of adenosine receptors because DPCPX and CGS-15943, two antagonists of these receptors, fail to attenuate apoptosis produced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion treatment
2',3'-dideoxycytidine
-
0.001 mM prevents the phosphorylation of the NDUFB11 subunit of complex I
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
-
0.00028 mM, NADH-coenzyme Q1 activity
2-[(2,6-dimethylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
0.00077 mM, NADH-coenzyme Q1 activity
2-[(6-chloro-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
0.00065 mM, NADH-coenzyme Q1 activity
2-[(6-chloro-2-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
0.00025 mM, NADH-coenzyme Q1 activity
2-[(6-chloroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
0.00096 mM, NADH-coenzyme Q1 activity
2-[4-(4-fluorobutyl)benzylsulfanyl]-3-methylchromen-4-one
-
most potent inhibitor. 30 min after high uptake of the radiotracer from the blood pool into the myocardium, kidney, and liver. After 2 h about 66% of the activity in the myocardium at 30 min has been retained, whereas ca. 70% has been cleared from the liver and kidney
3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine
-
0.01 and 0.05 mM prevent the phosphorylation of the NDUFB11 subunit of complex I. This is associated with a decrease in complex I activity
3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine monophosphate
-
0.15 mM prevents the phosphorylation of the NDUFB11 subunit of complex I. This is associated with a decrease in complex I activity
5BM-GX
-
inhibits transhydrogenation reaction with NADH and 3'-acetyl pyridine adenine dinucleotide
AMP
-
dead-end inhibitor, linear competitive inhibitor of NADH, linear uncompetitive inhibitor of oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
AMS-GX
-
inhibits transhydrogenation reaction with NADH and 3'-acetyl pyridine adenine dinucleotide
atovaquone
-
20 nM, complete inhibition of partially purified enzyme. Inhibition of complex I represents a likely mechanism of the known antileishmanial activity of the drug
benzo (1,2,3) thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester
-
0.075 mM, strong inhibition
bis-tetrahydrofuran acetogenin
-
the additional methylenes enhance the hydrophobicity of the spacer region, which may be thermodynamically advantageous for bringing the polar gamma-lactone ring into the membrane-embedded segment of complex I
-
carvedilol
-
decreases mitochondrial complex I activity, which is associated with an increase in mitochondrial H2O2 production, total glutathione and protein thiols content
diphenyl iodonium
-
maximal inhibition after preincubation with NADH, more complete inhibition with the more hydrophobic electron acceptors such as ubiquinone-1 or ubiquinone-2 as electron acceptor compared to the more hydrophilic ones, such as ubiquinone-0 or dichloroindophenol
diphenyleneiodonium
-
strongly inhibits superoxide production by complex I driven by reverse electron transport from succinate. Inhibition of superoxide production is not dependent on changes in the pH gradient. The inhibitor does not react with the flavin of complex I
DL-homocysteic acid
-
marked (ca. 64%) decrease of respiratory chain complex I activity in the cerebral cortex of immature rats following seizures induced by bilateral intracerebroventricular infusion of DL-homocysteic acid (600 nanomol/side). Decrease is already evident during the acute phase of seizures (60-90 min after infusion) and persists for at least 20 h after the seizures. Inhibition is selective for complex I since activities of complex II and IV and citrate synthase remain unaffected. Inhibition of complex I activity is not associated with changes in complex I content. Enhanced production of reactive oxygen species by inhibited complex I in mitochondria from DL-homocysteic acid-treated animals. Competitive NMDA receptor antagonist AP7, a selective and potent group II mGluR agonist (2R,4R)-APDC and a highly selective group III mGluR, subtype 8, agonist (S)-3,4-DCPG, significantly reduce the extent of complex I inhibition. The superoxide dismutase mimetic Tempol and a selective peroxynitrite scavenger and decomposition catalyst FeTPPS provide a significant attenuation of complex I inhibition associated with DL-homocysteic acid-induced seizures
flutamide
-
inhibits complex I of the electron transport chain to a greater extent than a nitro to cyano analogue of flutamide. As compared to the nitro to cyano analogue of flutamide, the nitroaromatic group of flutamide enhances cytotoxicity to hepatocytes, likely through mechanisms involving mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP depletion that include complex I inhibition
Mersalyl
-
0.3 mM, 77% inhibition of NADH-ubiquinone-1 reductase activity, 96% inhibition of NADH-potassium ferricyanide reductase activity
metformin
-
inhibits complex I activity, associated with LPS-induced neutrophil activation. Metformin prevents LPS-induced acute lung injury
Mg2+
-
inhibition of the enzyme in its inactive form, in its active form the enzyme complex is not sensitive
NEM
-
inhibition of the enzyme in its inactive form, in its active form the enzyme complex is not sensitive
oxygen
-
O2 induces self-inactivation of the enzyme via the formation of protein radicals
Polymyxin B
-
in the presence of polymyxin B, enzyme kinetics changes from the Michaelis–Menten type to substrate inhibition kinetics with the substrate inhibition
Rhein
-
i.e. 4,5-dioxy-anthraquinone-z-carbonic acid, competes for a NADH-binding site
Zn2+
-
pH-dependent potent inhibitor, IC50: 0.01-0.05 mM at pH 7.5, depending on the enzyme state, Zn2+ does not inhibit NADH oxidation or intramolecular electron transfer, so it probably inhibits either proton transfer to bound quinone or proton translocation.
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyldiundecan-1-ol
-
IC50: 0.0000016 mM
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyldiundecan-1-ol
-
IC50: 1.6 nM
2-decyl-4-quinazolinyl amine
-
the compound is both a complex I inhibitor and an uncoupler
6-azido-4-(4-iodophenethylamino)quinazoline
the compound specifically binds to the 49000 Da and ND1 subunits with a frequency of about 4:1
6-azido-4-(4-iodophenethylamino)quinazoline
-
the compound specifically binds to the 49000 Da and ND1 subunits with a frequency of about 4:1
ADP-ribose
-
ADP-ribose acts as mixed-type inhibitors for NADH, ferricyanide and 5,8-dioxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
Ca2+
-
inhibits complex I activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Ca2+ acts specifically on complex I. Complex I inactivation by Ca2+ results in reduction of NADH-supported electron transport activity and suppression of the rate of O2- production
capsaicin
-
no inhibition of enzymes where the energy couling site is absent
capsaicin
-
and synthetic capsaicin analogue. Several synthetic capsaicins discriminate between NDH-1 and NDH-2 much better than natural capsaicin
capsaicin
-
and synthetic capsaicin analogue. Several synthetic capsaicins discriminate between NDH-1 and NDH-2 much better than natural capsaicin
capsaicin
-
no inhibition of enzymes where the energy couling site is absent
capsaicin
-
and synthetic capsaicin analogue. Several synthetic capsaicins discriminate between NDH-1 and NDH-2 much better than natural capsaicin
fenpyroximate
-
deactive but not active complex I is a Na+/H+ antiporter that can be inhibited by fenpyroximate
flavone
-
dead-end inhibitor; partial inhibitor displaying a hyperbolic uncompetitive inhibition with respect to oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
NAD+
-
NAD+ acts as a mixed-type inhibitor for both substrates in the NADH: ferricyanide reductase reaction of complex I
NAD+
-
NAD+ acts as mixed-type inhibitors for NADH, ferricyanide and 5,8-dioxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. At saturating concentrations of oxidizer, NAD+ acts as a competitive inhibitor for NADH
NADH
-
NADH acts as a competitive inhibitor for ferricyanide, the reactions of with quinones and nitro compounds are not inhibited by NADH
NADH
-
NADH acts as a competitive inhibitor for 5,8-dioxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, NADH acts as a linear competitive inhibitor for ferricyanide
piericidin
-
the residual activity in the presence of saturating palmitate is completely (>90%) inhibited by piericidin
Piericidin A
-
degree of inhibition for the reaction with decylubiquinone is higher than for the reaction with ubiquinone-1 as electron acceptor
rotenone
-
150 nM, 85% inhibition in presence of 0.01 mM NADH, inhibition is independent of coenzyme Q1 concentration below 0.05 mM, rotenone sensitivity decreases significantly with coenzyme Q1 concentration above 0.1 mM
rotenone
-
0.002 mM rotenone diminishes the bimolecular rate constant value for tetramethyl-1,4-benzoquinone and for 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone by 30 and 10%, respectively
rotenone
-
deactive but not active complex I is a Na+/H+ antiporter that can be inhibited by rotenone
rotenone
-
RCC-I inactivation causes a dramatic decrease in mitochondrial NO that is not affected by Mn (III) porphyrin 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(benzoic acid) porphyrin. RCC-I inactivation drastically increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which is prevented when mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is inhibited or cells are treated with Mn (III) porphyrin 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(benzoic acid) porphyrin. Inactivation of RCC-I in SHSY cells dramatically increases tyrosine nitration of mitochondrial proteins that is fully prevented when mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is inactivated. RCC-I inactivation leads cytochrome c to diffuse into the cytoplasm indicating its release from the mitochondria
rotenone
-
when complex I activity is chronically reduced by 80% using 100 nanomol rotenone, the percentage of moving mitochondria decreases from 79% to 50% and reduce their velocity by 30%
rotenone
-
reduces complex I activity, which is accompanied by increasing production of cellular superoxide
rotenone
-
inhibits complex I followed by apoptosis. 40% decrease of dopamine content suppresses rotenone-induced apoptosis. 30% increase of dopamine content by inhibition of dopamine metabolism enhances rotenone-induced apoptosis. Depletion of intracellular dopamine using reserpine (0.0001-0.01 mM) also prevents rotenone-induced apoptosis, and this effect is counteracted by dopamine (0.01-0.1 mM) replenishment. Inhibition of dopamine reverse transport increases cytosolic dopamine and enhances rotenone-induced apoptosis. Rotenone induces dopamine redistribution from vesicles to the cytosol. Rotenone stimulates reactive oxygen species and protein carbonylation and decreases the antioxidant glutathione. Addition of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (3 mM), prevents dopamine being expelled from vesicles and inhibits rotenone-induced apoptosis
rotenone
-
inhibits complex I, which is associated with increased ROS generation, LPS-induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and cytokine production in neutrophils. Rotenone pretreatment attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury
rotenone
-
is a more potent inhibitor of complex I than flutamide. Inhibits complex I of the electron transport chain to a greater extent than a nitro to cyano analogue of flutamide
rotenone
-
complex I inhibitor, which has no effect on mediobasal hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular dopamine neurons, but significantly increases the percentage of apoptag immunoreactive neurons in midbrain primary nigrostriatal dopamine and mesolimbic dopamine cultures
rotenone
-
mitochondria contain two different NADH:ubiquinone reductases. One enzyme oxidizes endogenous NADH, couples electron transfer to proton translocation and is inhibited by rotenone, the other enzyme oxidizes exogenous NADH without proton tranlocation and is insensitive to rotenone. The activity of the rotenone-insensitive enzyme highly exceeds the activity of the rotenone-sensitive enzyme
rotenone
-
inhibition of NADH oxidation, NAD+ reduction is not inhibited by 0.001 mM rotenone
rotenone
-
0.001-0.01 mM, 50-75% inhibitio in mitochondrial lysate. Inhibition of complex I represents a likely mechanism of the known antileishmanial activity of the drug
rotenone
-
when RCC-I is inactivated, mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase stimulation dramatically augments the superoxide signal, whereas augmented superoxide signal is prevented when mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is inhibited and abolished by superoxide dismutase. RCC-I inactivation dramatically increases S-nitrosoglutathione decomposition that is prevented when mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is inhibited. RCC-I inactivation increases tyrosine-nitrated mitochondrial proteins, causes cytochrome c release and aggregation of mitochondria
rotenone
-
decreases complex I activity by 25%, 27% and 48% in the presence of 0.005, 0.01 and 0.02 mM carvedilol, respectively
rotenone
-
rotenone-induced increment of H2O2 production is 2fold higher upon DL-homocysteic acid-treatment, thus clearly indicating elevated production of reactive oxygen species at complex I
additional information
-
insensitive to 0.5 mM 5,5-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate) and 10 mM oxidized glutathione at pH 8.0
-
additional information
-
the oxidation of NADH by 5,8-dioxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, catalyzed by complex I is completely insensitive to 0.002 mM rotenone
-
additional information
-
inhibition of flavin-site reactions by NADH analogues and fragments, overview
-
additional information
-
when NADH, ADP, ATP and ADP-ribose bind to the reduced flavin they stimulate paraquat and HAR reduction, but inhibit FeCN, APAD+ and O2 reduction
-
additional information
-
capsaicin, the DELTAlac-acetogenin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium, piericidin A, ranolazine, and stigmatellin have no effect on the antiporter activity, whereas fenpyroximate (as well as rotenone) inhibited it
-
additional information
-
in m.1627A animals, the enzyme activity value under normal oxygen is significantly higher than that under simulated hypoxia
-
additional information
-
COX I mutant cybrids show a 80% reduction in complex I enzymatic activity in isolated mitochondria as compared with control cybrids
-
additional information
-
no inhibition by rotenone up to 0.25 mM and flavone
-
additional information
-
mouse cell lines with suppressed expression of the nuclearly encoded subunit 4 of complex IV associated with a loss of assembly of complex IV show significantly reduced level of assembled complex I and activity, whereas levels and activity of complex III are normal or up-regulated
-
additional information
-
no inhibition: dibenziodolium chloride, diphenyliodonium chloride, 1-hydroxy-2-dodecyl-4(1H)quinolone, atovaquone, antimycin A, rotenone, flavone, artemisinin
-
additional information
-
insensitive to 0.5 mM 5,5-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate) and 10 mM oxidized glutathione at pH 8.0
-
additional information
-
inhibition of mitochondrial complex I by serum and potassium deprivation. Caffeine does not exert neuroprotective effects after serum and potassium withdrawal, a p53-independent model of apoptosis
-
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
L-Dopa
-
enhances nigral mitochondrial complex I expression and activity. Significant increase at 6 h, with maximal values at 24 h, compared with control animals, in absence of concomitant changes in the expression or activity of complex IV
rotenone
-
chronic rotenone treatment (100 nanomol, 72 h) increases fully assembled complex I in human skin fibroblasts
ATP
-
10fold activation of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase at 0.1 M, ATP in the micromolar concentration range specifically stimulates the NADH:hexaammineruthenium(III) (HAR) reductase activity catalyzed by eukaryotic complex I when assayed at low NADH and acceptor concentrations
ATP
-
ATP in the micromolar concentration range specifically stimulates the NADH:hexaammineruthenium(III) (HAR) reductase activity catalyzed by eukaryotic complex I when assayed at low NADH and acceptor concentrations
malate
-
when RCC-I is activated, mitochondrial superoxide is decreased by mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase stimulation, whereas decreased superoxide is prevented when mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is inhibited. RCC-I activation increases mitochondrial S-nitrosoglutathione that is further increased by mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase stimulation and prevented when mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is inhibited
pyruvate
-
when RCC-I is activated, mitochondrial superoxide is decreased by mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase stimulation, whereas decreased superoxide is prevented when mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is inhibited. RCC-I activation increases mitochondrial S-nitrosoglutathione that is further increased by mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase stimulation and prevented when mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is inhibited
additional information
-
brief exposure of the thermally deactivated mitochondria with malate/glutamate, NAD+ and cytochrome c induced reactivation of the inactivated enzyme, exposure to 37°C induces deactivation of complex I
-
additional information
-
no activation by adenylylimidodiphosphate, GTP, GDP, adenosine, AMP, cAMP, and CTP
-
additional information
-
NADH, ATP, ADP and ADP-ribose stimulate the enzyme reactions, indicating that the positively-charged acceptors interact with their negatively charged phosphates. In contrast to direct O2 reduction the rate is stimulated, not inhibited, by high NADH concentrations. When NADH, ADP, ATP and ADP-ribose bind to the reduced flavin they stimulate paraquat and HAR reduction, but inhibit FeCN, APAD+ and O2 reduction. Adenosine, which lacks phosphates, does not stimulate the reaction with hexaammineruthenium(III), HAR, ternary mechanism of HAR and paraquat reduction,overview
-
additional information
-
in m.1627C animals, the enzyme activity value under normal oxygen is significantly lower than that under simulated hypoxia
-
additional information
-
the enzyme exists in two kinetically and structurally distinct slowly interconvertible forms, active form A and de-activated form D. Continous slow cycling between form A and form D occurs during the steady-state operation of complex I in the mitochondria
-
additional information
-
no stimulation of the three-subunit FP fragment of complex I or for membrane-bound NDH-1 by ATP
-
additional information
-
positions C67, H149 and H322 of NDUFA10 are specially targeted by different modifications suggesting the high reactivity of these residues and their potential implication in the regulation of the protein function. Accumulation of R, K and H methylations and probably K acetylations at the C-terminal region that may play a role in the control of NDUFA10 activity
-
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0434
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.3598
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.0417
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.03348
2-[(2,6-dimethylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.221
2-[(2-chloro-6-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.01683
2-[(2-chloro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.4144
2-[(6-chloro-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.417
2-[(6-chloro-2-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.227
2-[(6-chloroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
-
-
0.1
menaquinone
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.0438
NADH
-
enzyme activated before assay, electron acceptor: ferricyanide
0.0483
NADH
-
enzyme activated before assay, electron acceptor: ubiquinone-1
0.12
NADH
-
cosubstrate ubiquinone-2, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.14
NADH
-
cosubstrate ubiquinone-0, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.23
NADH
-
cosubstrate menaquinone, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.35
ubiquinone-0
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.02
ubiquinone-2
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
additional information
additional information
-
Km-value for NADH, decylubiquinone, coenzyme Q1 and coenzyme Q2 are measured at different concentrations of the cosubstrate
-
additional information
additional information
-
Km-values for decylubiquinone are measured at pH-values 6.5 and 9.0 at different concentrations of the cosubstrate NADH. Km-values for NADH are measured at pH values 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5 and 9.0 and at different concentrations of the cosubstrate decylubiquinone
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
8.33
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
81.73
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
23.88
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]benzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
11.22
2-[(2,6-dimethylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
42.95
2-[(2-chloro-6-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
25.8
2-[(2-chloro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
63.46
2-[(6-chloro-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
76.28
2-[(6-chloro-2-methylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
62.82
2-[(6-chloroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone
Bos taurus
-
-
423
menaquinone
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
640
ubiquinone-2
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
480
ubiquinone-0
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.012
NADH
-
in 0.4 M phosphate, using 5,8-dioxy-1,4-naphthoquinone as substrate, at pH 7.0, 25°C
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IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00087
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-5-propyloctyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]-5-propylnonan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 870 nM
0.00028
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 280 nM
0.000034
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyheptyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]pentadecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 34 nM
0.0000032
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyheptyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 3.2 nM
0.0000075
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxynonyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 7.5 nM
0.000045
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxypropyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 45 nM
0.000048
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundec-3-yn-1-yl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]dodec-4-yn-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
-
0.0104
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]dodecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
-
0.000172
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undeca-3,5,7,9-tetrayn-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.000172 mM
0.000027
(1R)-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-5-ethyl-1-hydroxyoctyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]undecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 27 nM
0.0015
(1R)-5-ethyl-1-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-5-propyloctyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]octan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 1500 nM
0.0017
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-((2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyl)-bis-(6-(4-n-butylphenoxy)hex-3-yn-1-ol)
Bos taurus
-
-
0.001
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diylbis[6-(2-butylphenoxy)hexan-1-ol]
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 1000 nM
0.00000083
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diylbis[6-(4-butylphenoxy)hexan-1-ol]
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.83 nM
0.0045
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyldihexan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 4500 nM
0.000045
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyldioctan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 45 nM
0.0000012
(5S)-3-[(10R)-10-hydroxy-10-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1 hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]decyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.0000012 mM
0.00000083
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-8-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.00000083 mM
0.0000017
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]trideca-4,6,8,10-tetrayn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.0000017 mM
0.000001
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1S)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-10-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.000001 mM
0.00000085
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1S)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-4-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.00000085 mM
0.00028
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]trideca-4,6,8,10-tetrayn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.00028 mM
0.0000023
(5S)-3-[(13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]tridecyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.0000023 mM
0.0000051
(5S)-3-[(13S)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxytriecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]tridecyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.0000051 mM
0.000013
(5S)-3-[(16R)-16-hydroxy-16-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]hexadecyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.000013 mM
0.000271
(5S)-3-[(19R)-19-hydroxy-19-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]nonadecyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.000271 mM
0.0000011
(5S)-3-[(2E,13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-2-en-4-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.0000011 mM
0.000014
(5S)-3-[(5R)-5-hydroxy-5-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]pentyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.000014 mM
0.0000052
(5S)-3-[(7E,13S)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,5R)-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxytridecyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]tridec-7-en-9-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.0000052 mM
0.00000092
(5S)-3-[(8E,13R)-13-hydroxy-13-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1S)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]tridec-8-en-10-yn-1-yl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.00000092 mM
0.0000016
(5S)-3-[(8R)-8-hydroxy-8-[(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyundecyl]octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl]octyl]-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.0000016 mM
0.0000023
6-azido-N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)ethyl]-6,7-dihydroquinazolin-4-amine
Bos taurus
P17694
temperature not specified in the publication, in 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4
0.01 - 0.05
Zn2+
Bos taurus
-
pH-dependent potent inhibitor, IC50: 0.01-0.05 mM at pH 7.5, depending on the enzyme state, Zn2+ does not inhibit NADH oxidation or intramolecular electron transfer, so it probably inhibits either proton transfer to bound quinone or proton translocation.
additional information
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-((2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyl)-bis-(6-(4-n-butylphenoxy)hexan-1-ol)
0.0000016
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyldiundecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.0000016 mM
0.0000016
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-(2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyldiundecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 1.6 nM
0.000009
(1R,1'S)-1,1'-(2R,5R)-tetrahydrofuran-2,5-diylditridecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 9.0 nM
0.025
(1R,1'S)-1,1'-(2R,5R)-tetrahydrofuran-2,5-diylditridecan-1-ol
Bos taurus
-
IC50: 0.025 mM
0.0000045
6-amino-4-(4-tert-butylphenethylamino)quinazoline
Bos taurus
P17694
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0000045
6-amino-4-(4-tert-butylphenethylamino)quinazoline
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
additional information
(1R,1'R)-1,1'-((2R,2'R,5R,5'R)-octahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5,5'-diyl)-bis-(6-(4-n-butylphenoxy)hexan-1-ol)
Bos taurus
-
IC50: above 15 mM
additional information
additional information
Mycobacterium smegmatis
-
IC50 for polymyxin B is 0.0014 mg/ml, IC50 for nanaomycin A is 0.031 mg/ml
-
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.15
-
mutant enzyme E234Q, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.163
-
mutant enzyme E228Q, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.213
-
mutant enzyme E228K, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.229
-
mutant enzyme R209F, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.245
-
mutant enzyme D213E, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.249
-
mutant enzyme R209H, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.259
-
mutant enzyme V206E, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.265
-
mutant enzyme R209K, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.268
-
mutant enzyme H210T, using NADH as substrate; mutant enzyme R209K, using NADH as substrate
0.274
-
mutant enzyme E228K, using NADH as substrate; mutant enzyme Y229H, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.305
-
mutant enzyme E228D, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.316
-
mutant enzyme H210T, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.329
-
mutant enzyme H210F, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.354
-
mutant enzyme E216A, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.368
-
mutant enzyme D213N, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.57
-
in 50 mM MOPS containing 10 mM MgCl2 at pH 7.3, using 0.25 mM deamino-NADH as substrate
0.62
0.8
-
wild type enzyme, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
0.84
-
wild type enzyme, using hexamineruthenium(III)-chloride as substrate
1.144
-
wild type enzyme, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
1.34
-
mutant enzyme E234D, using hexammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
2.3
-
mutant enzyme R141M, NADH-dependent activity of complex 1 containing proteoliposomes using n-decylubiquinone as substrate
4.1
-
in 20 mM MOPS containing 50 mM KCl at pH 7.4, using n-decylubiquinone as substrate
4.8
5.5
-
wild type enzyme, NADH-dependent activity of complex 1 containing proteoliposomes using n-decylubiquinone as substrate
16.1
-
mutant enzyme R141M, NADH-dependent activity of complex 1 containing proteoliposomes using hexaammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
23
-
wild type enzyme, NADH-dependent activity of complex 1 containing proteoliposomes using hexaammineruthenium-(III)-chloride as substrate
39.1
-
in 20 mM MOPS containing 50 mM KCl at pH 7.4, using hexamineruthenium(III)-chloride as substrate
90
-
after purification, using hexaammineruthenium-III-chloride as substrate
additional information
0.62
-
mutant enzyme H129A, using hexamineruthenium(III)-chloride as substrate
4.8
-
in 20 mM MOPS containing 50 mM KCl at pH 7.4, using ubiquinone-1 as substrate
additional information
-
NADH/ferricyanide oxidoreductase activity (measured as ferricyanide reduction) and NAD(P)H oxidase activity (measured as oxygen consumption) of cytoplasmic membranes from Escherichia coli recombinantly expressing the enzyme
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
4.5 - 9.5
-
reaction with ubiquinone-6 is almost constant between pH 4.5 and pH 9.5
6.5
7.4
7.5
6
-
mutant E183H, activity with NADPH; wild-type enzyme, activity with NADH, first peak
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
3.5 - 7
-
50% of maximal activity at pH 3.5 and 7.0, reaction with ferricyanide
5.5 - 7.5
-
pH 5.5: about 80% of maximal activity, pH 7.5: about 85% of maximal activity
6 - 9
6 - 10
-
pH 6.0: about 50% of maximal activity, pH 10.0: about 50% of maximal activity
6.7 - 7.9
-
about 90% of maximal activity at pH 6.7 and at pH 7.9, reaction with ubiquinone-1
8 - 10.3
-
pH 8.0: about 60% of maximal activity, pH 10.3: about 30% of maximal activity
additional information
additional information
-
only NADH binding to the enzyme in pH-dependent. NADH binding to the free enzyme is accelerated by protonation of an amino acid (possibly His)
additional information
-
production of superoxide by complex I during reverse electron transport is at least 3fold more sensitive to the pH gradient than to the membrane potential
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
25
30
32 - 37
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
35 - 80
-
activity increases 4fold from 35°C to 80°C, the maximal possible operating temperature
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
4.5
4.6
5.1
5.43
5.96
6.42
7.68
8.3
9.01
9.1
9.45
9.52
-
subunit B17.2, calculation from nucleotide sequence; subunit NDUFA4, calculation from nucleotide sequence
9.71
9.82
-
subunit ND 2, calculation from nucleotide sequence; subunit NDUFB4, calculation from nucleotide sequence
6.42
-
subunit ND 1, calculation from nucleotide sequence; subunit NDUFB5, calculation from nucleotide sequence
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
in the high positive schizophrenic group a positive correlation exists between cerebral glucose metabolism and complex I activity in the basal ganglia (lentiform nucleus including the putamen and globus pallidus) and the thalamus, but reaches significance only for its left side
-
in the low positive schizophrenic group, a region of negative correlation between cerebral glucose metabolism and complex I activity is identified bilaterally in the cerebellum and brainstem
-
in the low positive schizophrenic group, a region of negative correlation between cerebral glucose metabolism and complex I activity is identified bilaterally in the cerebellum and brainstem
-
the level of respiratory complexes I is lower in mitochondria from cells grown at pH 6.0 than in mitochondria from cells grown at pH 3.7
-
in the high positive schizophrenic group a positive correlation exists between cerebral glucose metabolism and complex I activity in the basal ganglia (lentiform nucleus including the putamen and globus pallidus) and the thalamus, but reaches significance only for its left side
additional information
-
complex I activity is significantly higher in high positive schizophrenics as compared to control subjects and low positive schizophrenic patients. In low positive schizophrenic patients complex I activity does not differ from that of the control group. Entering age and gender as covariates has no effect on the significance of difference in complex I activity between subject groups. Significant positive correlation between complex I activity and the severity of positive symptoms
-
NADH dehydrogenase activity in the platelets of patients with Parkinson's disease from an Indian population is lower than that in healthy age and gender-matched controls
-
-
391082, 392676, 392684, 392691, 392692, 392699, 392703, 392717, 392718, 392721, 658174, 658265, 659106, 659108, 659109, 671827, 671882, 671993, 672013, 672126, 672176, 672291, 672348, 672597, 674694, 676868, 696270, 696312, 696510, 696745, 707505, 711290, 714281, 714993, 724383, 724564, 725002, 725003, 725491
-
severe decrease of complex I activity in a patient with Leigh syndrome and an elevated complex IV/complex I activity ratio
-
fully assembled complex I is decreased in patient skin fibroblasts
-
complex I activity in cultured skin fibroblasts is in the normal range in a patient with Leigh syndrome, but complex IV/complex I activity ratio is significantly elevated and complex I/citrate synthase is decreased
additional information
-
transmitochondrial cell line, cybrids from a patient with a multisystem mitochondrial disorder with a G6930A nonsense mutation in the COX I gene. G6930A mutation causes a disruption in the assembly and defective activity of complex VI
additional information
-
in the control group, no areas of significant positive or negative correlation between cerebral glucose metabolism and peripheral complex I activity exist
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
-
electron microscopy reveals the two-part structure of the complex consisting of a peripheral and a membrane arm. The peripheral arm contains all known cofactors and the NADH-binding site, whereas the membrane arm has to be involved in proton translocation
-
conserved lysine residues of the membrane subunit NuoM are involved in energy conversion by the proton-pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase
-
the membrane-bound respiratory enzymes differs from the canonical NADH: dehydrogenase (complex I), because it is not involved in the vectorial transfer of protons across membranes
-
activities of submitochondrial fragments from heart and brain, overview
-
alternative NADH dehydrogenase activity is located exclusively at the external face of the mitochondrial inner membrane
-
the enzyme oxidizes NADH in the mitochondrial matrix and reduces ubiquinone in the inner mitochondrial membrane
-
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) from bovine heart mitochondria is a membrane-bound enzyme that contains 45 different subunits
-
-
391082, 392676, 392677, 392684, 392692, 392699, 392703, 392717, 392718, 392721, 658135, 659106, 671827, 671993, 672013, 672126, 672129, 672176, 672291, 672348, 672597, 674495, 696270, 696288, 696510, 696745, 707505, 714281, 714993
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-
672974, 673615, 691039, 691049, 692447, 692992, 693815, 694192, 694352, 694936, 695189, 698312, 699152, 726174
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the mitochondrial multienzyme-complex is of dual origin. 6 of the at least 22 subunits with MW of 70000 Da, 48000 Da, 37000 Da, 25000 Da, 22000 Da and 18000 Da are synthesized in mitochondria. 11 subunits are synthesized in the cytoplasm
-
the level of respiratory complexes I is lower in mitochondria from cells grown at pH 6.0 than in mitochondria from cells grown at pH 3.7
-
-
657845, 659387, 659946, 672348, 690713, 690886, 691037, 691058, 692231, 693532, 693720, 693745, 693773, 695063
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inner membrane; loosly bound to inner mitochondrial membrane
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
5753
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
6996
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
8028
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
8139
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
8148
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
8238
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
8454
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
8491
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
9327
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
9331
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
10124
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
10130
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
10598
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
10777
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
10845
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
10916
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
11267
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
11482
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
11690
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
12500
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
12576
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
12648
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
12700
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
13071
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
13360
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
13412
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
14322
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
14359
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
15064
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
15081
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
15215
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
15224
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
15283
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
15356
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
15515
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
15638
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
16331
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
16568
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
16858
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
16870
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
18816
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
18851
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
19992
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
20248
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
20280
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
20406
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
20442
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
20859
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
21024
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
21396
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
21966
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
21984
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
23847
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
23933
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
26452
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
26479
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
35651
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
36133
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
36843
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
36947
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
38653
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
38810
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
38872
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
46000
48583
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
48626
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
49230
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
49244
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
50000
51000
51783
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
53000
55000
76860
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit N
77183
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subuni
550000
700000
980000
additional information
additional information
-
several molecular mass forms of the purified complex exist
additional information
-
the enzyme exists in two kinetically and structurally distinct slowly interconvertible forms, active form A and de-activated form D. Continous slow cycling between form A and form D occurs during the steady-state operation of complex I in the mitochondria
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SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
dimer
dodecamer
monomer
tetradecamer
tridecamer
additional information
?
-
the bacterial complex consists of 14 different subunits, deletion of any of the nuo-genes results in a loss of complex I activity in the membrane
?
-
x * 8139 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10916 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 9331 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 9327 (subunit NDUFA4) + x * 13360 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15283 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12576 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 19992 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38810 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36947 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10130 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 6996 (subunit NDUFB1) + x * 8491 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11690 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15081 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16858 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15515 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16331 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18816 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21984 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 21024 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 5753 (subunit NDUFC1) + x * 14322 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 77183 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49230 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26479 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15356 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12648 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10777 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20280 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20442 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48626 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23847 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8028 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 35651 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38764 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13091 (subunit ND3) + x * 51881 (subunit ND 4) + x * 68375 (subunit ND 5) + x * 18626 (subunit ND 6) + x * 10493 (subunit ND 4L) + x * 16860 (subunit B16.6) + x * 15115 (subunit B14.7) + x * 17374 (subunit B17.2) + x * 14343 (subunit ESSS), calculation from nucleotide sequence
?
-
x * 8148 (subunit NDUFA1) + x * 10845 (subunit NDUFA2) + x * 11482 (subunit NDUFA3) + x * 13412 (subunit NDUFA5) + x * 15224 (subunit NDUFA6) + x * 12500 (subunit NDUFA7) + x * 21966 (subunit NDUFA8) + x * 38872 (subunit NDUFA9) + x * 36843 (subunit NDUFA10) + x * 10124 (subunit NDUFAB1) + x * 8454 (subunit NDUFB2) + x * 11267 (subunit NDUFB3) + x * 15064 (subunit NDUFB4) + x * 16870 (subunit NDUFB5) + x * 15638 (subunit NDUFB6) + x * 16568 (subunit NDUFB7) + x * 18851 (subunit NDUFB8) + x * 21396 (subunit NDUFB9) + x * 20859 (subunit NDUFB10) + x * 14359 (subunit NDUFC2) + x * 76860 (subunit NDUFS1) + x * 49244 (subunit NDUFS2) + x * 26452 (subunit NDUFS3) + x * 15215 (subunit NDUFS4) + x * 12700 (subunit NDUFS5) + x * 10598 (subunit NDUFS6) + x * 20248 (subunit NDUFS7) + x * 20406 (subunit NDUFS8) + x * 48583 (subunit NDUFV1) + x * 23933 (subunit NDUFV2) + x * 8238 (subunit NDUFV3) + x * 36133 (subunit ND 1) + x * 38653 (subunit ND 2) + x * 13071 (subunit ND3) + x * 51783 (subunit ND 4) + x * 68618 (subunit ND 5) + x * 18923 (subunit ND 6) + x * 10659 (subunit ND 4L) + x * 16777 (subunit B16.6) + x * 14854 (subunit B14.7) + x * 17334 (subunit B17.2) + x * 14384 (subunit ESSS), calculation from nucleotide sequence
additional information
overall 47 distinct types of proteins were found to form part of Arabidopsis complex I. An additional subunit, ND4L, is present but could not be detected by the procedures employed due to its extreme biochemical properties. Seven of the 48 subunits occur in pairs of isoforms, six of which are experimentally proven. Fifteen subunits of complex I from Arabidopsis are specific for plants
additional information
-
about 15 polypeptides including that at 80000 Da, 54000 Da, 53000 Da, 51000 Da, 27000 Da, 25000 Da and 22000 Da cross react with polyclonal antibodies raised against complex I from Neurospora crassa
additional information
-
the enzyme complex is composed of at least 10 polypeptides ranging in MW from 10000 Da to 70000 Da
additional information
-
the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex is composed of three distinct fragments: 1. IP: a water soluble Fe-S-protein that is composed of 5-6 polypeptides and contains four Fe-S clusters, 2. FP: a water-soluble FeS-flavoprotein that is composed of three polypeptides and contains FMN and two FeS clusters, 3. a water-insoluble fraction containing phospholipids and hydrophobic polypeptides
additional information
-
enzyme complex contains approximately 25 unlike polypeptides in three distinct fragments: 1. HP: contains the bulk of phospholipids of the complex I. 2. IP: contains polypeptides of 75000 Da, 49000 Da, 30000 Da, 18000 Da, 15000 Da and 13000 Da, 3. FP: contains polypeptides of 9000 Da, 24000 Da, and 51000 Da. FP and IP are surrounded by HP polypeptides
additional information
-
the enzyme complex comprises more than 35 subunits, the majority of which are encoded by the nucleus. Only five components ND1, ND2, ND4, ND5, and ND6 are coded for by the mitochondrial genome. Dum 5 mutant has a 1T deletion in the 3'UTR of nd5 whereas dum 17 is a 1T deletion in the coding sequence of nd6. Absence of intact ND1 or ND6 subunits prevents the assembly of the 850000 Da whole complex. Loss of ND4 or ND4/ND5 leads to the formation of a subcomplex of 650000 Da
additional information
-
NuoK is the smallest subunit of Escherichia coli NDH-1
additional information
-
two domains, hydrophilic and hydrophobic, constitute Complex I. The hydrophilic domain of Complex I contains noncovalently bound FMN and 8-9 FeS clusters, 8 of which are organized as a continuous eT chain connecting FMN and a UQ binding site. One or two UQ-binding sites are located at the interface between the hydrophilic and membrane Complex I domains or in the membrane domain close to the interface area. The hydrophilic domain is composed of 6 or 7 core subunits and protrudes to cytoplasm or mitochondrial matrix. The substrate binding site is located in the open cleft on the surface of the protein. The conserved residues aligning this solvent-accessible cavity form an unusual Rossmann fold, which provides tight packing of the substrate, ensures the planar condensed system of the nicotinamide and the FMN isoalloxazine rings and therefore determines high affinity to NADH, substrate specificity and high rate of hydride transfer to FMN. The membrane domain of bacterial Complex I consists of 7 subunits equivalent to core subunits of mitochondrial enzyme
additional information
-
the enzyme nucleotide-binding site is made up of a unique Rossmann fold to accommodate the binding of the substrate NADH and of the primary electron acceptor flavin mononucleotide
additional information
-
complex I consists of 13 different subunits named NuoA-Nand encoded by the nuo operon
additional information
-
the enzyme complex consists of at least 43 proteins, seven are encoded by the mitochondrial genome, while the remainder are encoded by the nuclear genome
additional information
-
proton-translocating NADH-quinone oxidoreductase is composed of at least 14 dissimilar subunits, designated NQO1-14. NQO1, NQO2, NQO3, NQO9, and probably NQO6 subunits are cofactor binding subunits
additional information
-
the NQO6 subunits plays a key role in electron transfer by functionally coupling iron-sulfur cluster N2 to quinone
additional information
-
the NQO6 subunits plays a key role in electron transfer by functionally coupling iron-sulfur cluster N2 to quinone
additional information
-
enzyme complex is composed of approximately 10 unlike polypeptides, the NADH-binding subunit has a MW of 47000 Da determined by SDS-PAGE
additional information
-
two domains, hydrophilic and hydrophobic, constitute Complex I. The hydrophilic domain of Complex I contains noncovalently bound FMN and 8-9 FeS clusters, 8 of which are organized as a continuous eT chain connecting FMN and a UQ binding site. One or two UQ-binding sites are located at the interface between the hydrophilic and membrane Complex I domains or in the membrane domain close to the interface area. The hydrophilic domain is composed of 6 or 7 core subunits and protrudes to cytoplasm or mitochondrial matrix. The substrate binding site is located in the open cleft on the surface of the protein. The conserved residues aligning this solvent-accessible cavity form an unusual Rossmann fold, which provides tight packing of the substrate, ensures the planar condensed system of the nicotinamide and the FMN isoalloxazine rings and therefore determines high affinity to NADH, substrate specificity and high rate of hydride transfer to FMN. The membrane domain of bacterial Complex I consists of 7 subunits equivalent to core subunits of mitochondrial enzyme
additional information
-
the NQO6 subunits plays a key role in electron transfer by functionally coupling iron-sulfur cluster N2 to quinone
-
additional information
-
four polypeptides, of 15000 Da, 20000 Da, 38000 Da and 51000 Da are identified as subunits of complex I by SDS-PAGE
additional information
-
at least five major polypeptides with MW of 76000 Da, 46000 Da, 39000 Da, 33000 Da and 27000 Da
additional information
-
two domains, hydrophilic and hydrophobic, constitute Complex I. The hydrophilic domain of Complex I contains noncovalently bound FMN and 8-9 FeS clusters, 8 of which are organized as a continuous eT chain connecting FMN and a UQ binding site. One or two UQ-binding sites are located at the interface between the hydrophilic and membrane Complex I domains or in the membrane domain close to the interface area. The hydrophilic domain is composed of 6 or 7 core subunits and protrudes to cytoplasm or mitochondrial matrix. The substrate binding site is located in the open cleft on the surface of the protein. The conserved residues aligning this solvent-accessible cavity form an unusual Rossmann fold, which provides tight packing of the substrate, ensures the planar condensed system of the nicotinamide and the FMN isoalloxazine rings and therefore determines high affinity to NADH, substrate specificity and high rate of hydride transfer to FMN
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POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
lipoprotein
lipoprotein
-
the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex is composed of three distinct fragments: 1. IP: a water soluble Fe-S-protein that is composed of 5-6 polypeptides and contains four Fe-S clusters, 2. FP: a water-soluble FeS-flavoprotein that is composed of three polypeptides and contains FMN and two FeS clusters, 3. a water-insoluble fraction containing phospholipids and hydrophobic polypeptides
lipoprotein
-
native lipids play an important role in the activation, stabilization and, as a sonsequence, crystallization of purified complex I
lipoprotein
-
the phospholipid content varies between 26 and 66 mol phosphate per mol of complex in different batches. Complex 1 purified by affinity chromatography can be fully reactivated by returning phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin, the phospholipids removed by the purification procedure
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Crystallization/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
two different two-dimensionmal crystal forms with p2 and p3 symmetry, are obtained using lipid containing native Escherichia coli extract
-
membrane crystals of the enzyme complex are prepared by adding mixed phospholipid-Triton X-100 micelles and then removing the Triton by dialysis
-
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
4.5
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
-
Triton X-100 partially protects complex I against thermally induced deactivation and partially activates the thermally deactivated enzyme
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GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
4°C, complex I is intact for about 2 days, stable for 3-5 days with inclusion of 10 mM CaCl2
-
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ORGANIC SOLVENT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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OXIDATION STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
storage of 0.3 mg purified enzyme in 2 ml 0.1 M Tris/HCl, pH 8.0, for 24 h at 4°C, results in 15% inactivation under anaerobic conditions, 55% inactivation in presence of air
-
392724
the tetranuclear cluster in the isolated NQO3 subunit is sensitive towards oxidants and converts into [3Fe-4S] form
-
392705
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-15°C, 0.07 mg/ml enzyme, 0.1 M Tris/HCl, pH 8.0, 72 h, under anaerobic conditions, 70% loss of activity
-
-80°C, alkaline buffer with 40% (w/v) glycerol, one month, without loss of activity
-
4°C, 0.07 mg/ml enzyme, 0.1 M Tris/HCl, pH 8.0, 72 h, under anaerobic conditions, 75% loss of activity
-
4°C, complex I is intact for about 2 days, stable for 3-5 days with inclusion of 10 mM CaCl2
-
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
DEAE Toyopearl gel filtration and Heparin-Sepharose column chromatography
-
DEAE-Trisacryl M anion exchange column chromatography, Source 15Q column chromatography and ultracentrifugation
-
efficient large scale purification of His-tagged proton translocating complex
-
HiLoad column chromatography, DEAE Sepharose fast flow column chromatography, Superdex S-200 gel filtration and Q-Sepharose column chromatography
-
partial
recombinant His-tagged complex I by nickel affinity chromatography and gel filtration
-
recombinant membrane-spanning subunit NuoA of complex I from Escherichia coli strain JM109 as full-length and truncated NuoA C-terminally fused to His-tagged cytochrome c domain by solubilization, ultracentrifugation, and affinity chromatography
-
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
constitutive expression of the tagged wild type, or mutant MWFE or ESSS proteins via a pTRIDENT-neo (tricistronic) vector with the EF1alpha promoter
-
expressed in Escherichia coli
expression of recombinant enzyme subunits in Escherichia coli, quantitative expression analysis
-
expression of the subunits NQO4, NQO5 and NQO6 in Escherichia coli
-
gene nuoA, encoding a membrane-spanning subunit of complex I, expression in Escherichia coli strain Rosetta Gami and Jm109,expression as full-length and truncated NuoA C-terminally fused to His-tagged cytochrome c domain
-
the enzyme overexpressed in Escherichia coli acts as a member of the respiratory chain in the host cell
-
the NDI1 gene encoding the rotenone-insensitive internal NADH-quinone oxidoreductase is cotransfected into complex-I-deficient Chinese hamster CCL16-B2 cells. The enzyme is expressed functionally and catalyzes electron transfer from NADH in the matrix to ubiquinone 10 in the inner mitochonbdrial membranes
-
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
the gene encoding the alternative NADH dehydrogenases NDE2 is drastically down-regulated from early to late exponential growth, its transcript is severely reduced and/or absent in late exponential phase
-
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ENGINEERING
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
A352V
-
mutation in the 51 kDa subunit, shows mildly decreased NADH-dependent respiration and lactic acidosis
A443F
-
mutation in the 51 kDa subunit, shows decreased NADH-dependent respiration and lactic acidosis
T434M
-
mutation in the 51 kDa subunit, shows decreased NADH-dependent respiration and lactic acidosis
L158P
Chlamydomonas sp.
-
site-directed mutagenesis, introducetion of a Leu157Pro substitution into the Chlamydomonas ND4 subunit of complex I in two recipient strains by biolistic transformation
S2A
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, shows lower levels of mature protein and a significantly reduced complex I activity
S2A/S8A
-
double mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, mutant protein causes a complete failure to assemble
S2E
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, shows lower levels of mature protein and a significantly reduced complex I activity
S30A
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, shows lower levels of mature protein and a significantly reduced complex I activity
S30E
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, shows lower levels of mature protein and a significantly reduced complex I activity
S55A
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit MWFE, functional complex I can be assembled, mutant protein is expressed at a lower level compared to the wild-type protein
S55D
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit MWFE, assembly of complex I is completely blocked
S55E
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit MWFE, assembly of complex I is completely blocked
S55Q
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit MWFE, assembly of complex I is completely blocked
S8A
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, shows lower levels of mature protein and a significantly reduced complex I activity
S8E
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, shows lower levels of mature protein and a significantly reduced complex I activity
T21A
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, shows lower levels of mature protein and a significantly reduced complex I activity
T21E
-
mutant of phosphorylated subunit ESSS, shows lower levels of mature protein and a significantly reduced complex I activity
D146N
-
59% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme, one fourth reduced complex 1 content
D152N
-
59% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme, one third reduced complex 1 content
D77N
-
completely abolished electron transfer activity, 12% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme
D94N
-
completely abolished electron transfer activity, 12% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme
E144D
-
mutation in subunit NuoM, mutant has wild type sensitivity to rolliniastatin and complete proton-pumping efficiency of complex I; mutation in subunit NuoM, quinone reductase activity is unchanged
E163Q
-
76% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme, one third reduced complex 1 content
E183D
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows a 2fold increase in NADH/ferricyanide oxidoreductase activity and a 5fold increase in NADPHoxidase activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
E183H
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows a 2fold increase in NADH/ferricyanide oxidoreductase activity and a 2fold increase in NADPHoxidase activitycompared to the wild-type enzyme
E183N
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows a 2fold increase in NADH/ferricyanide oxidoreductase activity and a 2fold increase in NADPHoxidase activitycompared to the wild-type enzyme
E183Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows a similar NADH/ferricyanide oxidoreductase activity and a 2fold increase NADPHoxidase activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
E67Q
-
completely abolished electron transfer activity, one fourth reduced complex 1 content, 10% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme
H101A
-
the NADH dehydrogenase subcomplex (NuoEFG subcomplex) in the cluster N5 mutant is unstable and dissociates from complex I. Recovery of these mutant NuoCDEFG subcomplexes by expressing the His-tagged NuoCD subunit, which has a high affinity to NuoG. At temperatures around -270°C no cluster N5 signals are found in the cluster N5 mutant
H101A/C114A
-
the NADH dehydrogenase subcomplex (NuoEFG subcomplex) in the cluster N5 mutant is unstable and dissociates from complex I. Recovery of these mutant NuoCDEFG subcomplexes by expressing the His-tagged NuoCD subunit, which has a high affinity to NuoG. At temperatures around -270°C no cluster N5 signals are found in the cluster N5 mutant
H101C
-
the NADH dehydrogenase subcomplex (NuoEFG subcomplex) in the cluster N5 mutant is unstable and dissociates from complex I. Recovery of these mutant NuoCDEFG subcomplexes by expressing the His-tagged NuoCD subunit, which has a high affinity to NuoG. At temperatures around -270°C no cluster N5 signals are found in the cluster N5 mutant
K265A
-
mutation in subunit NuoM, mutant has wild type sensitivity to rolliniastatin and complete proton-pumping efficiency of complex I; mutation in subunit NuoM, quinone reductase activity is decreased
W221A
-
mutant is used as a control subcomplex carrying wild-type clusters. At temperatures around -270°C a cluster N5 signals is detected in the control
W243A
-
mutation in subunit NuoM, mutant has wild type sensitivity to rolliniastatin and complete proton-pumping efficiency of complex I; mutation in subunit NuoM, quinone reductase activity is decreased
D146N
-
59% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme, one fourth reduced complex 1 content
-
D152N
-
59% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme, one third reduced complex 1 content
-
D77N
-
completely abolished electron transfer activity, 12% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme
-
E163Q
-
76% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme, one third reduced complex 1 content
-
E67Q
-
completely abolished electron transfer activity, one fourth reduced complex 1 content, 10% of deamino-NADH oxidase activity of the wild type enzyme
-
E234D
-
mutant with slightly reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
E234Q
-
mutant with strongly reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
E107A
-
mutation in the 49000 Da subunit, no effect on complex I contant, mutant enzyme displays no deamino-nicotinamide-adeninedinucleotide:N-decylubiquinone activity
F87L
-
mutation in the 49000 Da subunit, no effect on complex I content, deamino-nicotinamide-adeninedinucleotide:N-decylubiquinone activity is reduced to aboput 60% of the parental strain value. The KM-value for n-decylubiquinone and the I50 value for rotenone are noemal
H129A
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fully assembled but destabilized enzyme, without deamino-NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity
P232Q
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mutation in thge 49000 Da subunit. Complex I assembly is severly impaired in this mutant. Deamino-nicotinamide-adeninedinucleotide:N-decylubiquinone activity is less than 20% of the normal value
R199W
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mutation in the 30000 Da subunit, no significant alterations in complex I content or activity can be abserved in isolated mitochondrial membranes
R231E
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mutation in the 49000 Da subunit of the complex, mutation has no effect on complex I content. Its deamino-nicotinamide-adeninedinucleotide:N-decylubiquinone activity is slightly reduced and its Km-value is somewhat elevated
R231Q
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mutation in the 49000 Da subunit of the complex, no difference to wild-type enzyme in activity and stability
S416A
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mutation in the 49000 Da subunit of the complex, mutation has no effect on complex I content. Its deamino-nicotinamide-adeninedinucleotide:N-decylubiquinone activity is slightly reduced. KM-value and I50 value for rotenone are both significantly higher than in the parental strain
S416P
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mutation in the 49000 Da subunit of the complex, no difference to wild-type enzyme in activity and stability
T157I
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mutation in the 30000 Da subunit, no significant alterations in complex I content or activity can be abserved in isolated mitochondrial membranes
additional information
additional information
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construction of mrpA or mrpD deletion mutant strains, the deletion strains can be complemented in trans by their respective Mrp protein, but expression of MrpA in the Bacillus subtilis DELTAmrpD strain and vice versa does not improve growth at pH 7.4, mutant strains growth phenotypes, overview
additional information
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deletion of the nuoN gene results in complete loss of activity
additional information
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deletion of any of the nuo-genes results in a loss of complex I activity in the membrane, the assembly of subunits is examined
additional information
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cluster N5 knock-out (DELTAN5) mutant: the NADH dehydrogenase subcomplex (NuoEFG subcomplex) in the cluster N5 mutant is unstable and dissociates from complex I. The data confirm that, cluster N5 has a unique coordination with His(Cys)3 ligands in subunit NuoG. Recovery of these mutant NuoCDEFG subcomplexes by expressing the His-tagged NuoCD subunit, which has a high affinity to NuoG. At temperatures around -270°C no cluster N5 signals are found in the cluster N5 mutant
additional information
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construction of NuoL variants Y544Stop and W592Stop, that contain a stop codon leading to truncations in themiddle and at the end of the horizontal helix. The W592Stop variant is missing the C-terminal TM helix and the Y544Stop variant is missing this helix and approximately half of the amphipathic helix. Proton translocation by the mutant W592Stop variant and the Y544Stop variant after reconstitution in proteoliposomes, overview
additional information
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construction of several variants with mutations at position 183 exhibiting up to 200fold enhanced catalytic efficiency with NADPH
additional information
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construction of NuoL variants Y544Stop and W592Stop, that contain a stop codon leading to truncations in themiddle and at the end of the horizontal helix. The W592Stop variant is missing the C-terminal TM helix and the Y544Stop variant is missing this helix and approximately half of the amphipathic helix. Proton translocation by the mutant W592Stop variant and the Y544Stop variant after reconstitution in proteoliposomes, overview
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additional information
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mutation in the first intron of the NDUFS7 gene (c.17-1167 C > G), creates a strong donor splice site resulting in the generation of a cryptic exon, shows marked decrease of fully assembled complex I
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
degradation
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quantification of superoxide production from Escherichia coli complex I is very prone to artifacts
drug development
medicine
additional information
drug development
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carvedilol exerts its protective antioxidant action both by a direct antioxidant effect and by a preconditioning-like mechanism, via inhibition of mitochondrial complex I
drug development
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nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors are capable of affecting complex I activity in a non-polymerase-gamma/mtDNA mediated pathway. Elevations in superoxide produced at complex I caused by nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors can provide a mechanism for the oxidative stress observed with these drugs
medicine
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the doxorubicin-inhibited NADH-quinone-reductase may provide a target for the anthracycline antitumor agents
medicine
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a deficient activity of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase enzyme complex is frequently observed in clinical heterogeneous group of mitochondrial disorders with Leigh (-like) disease as the main contributor. Enzyme complex activity measurement in skeletal muscle is the mainstay of the diagnostic process. Fibroblast studies are a prerequisite whenever prenatal enzyme diagnostic is considered
medicine
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the NDI1 gene provides a potentially useful tool for gene therapy of mitochondrial diseases caused by complex I deficiency
medicine
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mitochondrial complex I plays an important role in modulating Toll-like receptor 4-mediated neutrophil activation. Metformin, as well as other agents that inhibit mitochondrial complex I, may be useful in the prevention or treatment of acute inflammatory processes in which activated neutrophils play a major role, such as acute lung injury
medicine
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superoxide production is increased in children with inherited complex I deficiency, which is primarily a consequence of the reduction in cellular complex I activity and not of a further leakage of electrons from mutationally malformed complexes
medicine
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inhibition of complex I may elicit enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species and contribute thus to neuronal injury
medicine
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complex I deficient patients show a specific increase in superoxide dismutase activity. Reactive oxygen species production remains significantly elevated in complex I deficient patients compared to controls, whereas glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase are significantly reduced. Information on the status of reactive oxygen species and marking the alteration of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes in peripheral lymphocytes or lymphoblast cell lines will provide a better way to design antioxidant therapies for such disorders like complex I deficiency
medicine
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radiolabeled MC-I inhibitors as potential myocardial perfusion imaging agents
medicine
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partial inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex I by rotenone reproduces aspects of Parkinson’s disease in rodents. Cell vulnerability in the rotenone model of partial complex I deficiency is primarily determined by spare respiratory capacity rather than oxidative stress
medicine
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enzymes activated by DNA damage, e.g. mediated by complex I inhibition, are an important feature in the process of neuronal apoptosis
medicine
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identification of a NDUFS7 mutation in a consanguineous family with Leigh syndrome and isolated complex I deficiency
medicine
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a systemic defect in complex I activity is not present in early Huntington's disease when striatal neuronal degeneration is already present
medicine
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correlation between peripheral complex I activity and cerebral glucose metabolism in regions implicated in schizophrenia, may be a pathological factor that is differentially expressed in subgroups of schizophrenic patients
medicine
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cellular levels of reactive oxygen species are significantly increased in cells of patients with nDNA-inherited isolated complex I deficiency. This increase is associated with variable decreases in the amount and intrinsic catalytic activity of complex I. Chronic treatment with a vitamin E derivative (Trolox) increases the amount of complex I and might provide an experimental basis for the use of antioxidants to treat complex I deficient patients
medicine
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cellular levels of reactive oxygen species are significantly increased in cells of patients with DNA-inherited isolated complex I deficiency. This increase is associated with variable decreases in the amount and intrinsic catalytic activity of complex I. Chronic treatment with a vitamin E derivative (Trolox) increases the amount of complex I and might provide an experimental basis for the use of antioxidants to treat complex I deficient patients
medicine
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mutations in NADH dehydrogenase ND subunits of complex I are an important genetic cause of childhood mitochondrial encephalopathies
medicine
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NADH dehydrogenase activity in the platelets of patients with Parkinson's disease from an Indian population is lower than that in healthy age and gender-matched controls. The study contribute to the evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction playing a major role in the disease mechanism of Parkinson's disease and opens avenues for therapeutic intervention
medicine
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gene therapy approaches involving Ndi1p may offer substantial clinical benefits in cases of complex I deficiency
medicine
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gene therapy approaches involving Ndi1p may offer substantial clinical benefits in cases of complex I deficiency
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additional information
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missense mutation in the MT-ND5 subunit of NADH dehydrogenase in Tibet chicken breed. Significant differences between animals carrying mitochondria with the EF493865.1:m.1627A versus EF493865.1:m.1627C alleles for respiratory control ratio and enzyme activity. MT-ND5 gene variation is significantly associated with brain mitochondrial respiratory function in Tibet chicken embryos under hypoxia, which identifies MT-ND5 as a candidate gene for adaptation to hypoxia (or high hatchability under hypoxia) in Tibet chickens
additional information
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crucial role for mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase in oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial complex I inactivation
additional information
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crucial role for mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase in oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial complex I inactivation
additional information
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reduction in complex I activity results in a decrease in mitochondrial movement which is compensated for by an increase in mitochondrial length and degree of branching and an enhanced diffusion of matrix constituents
additional information
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if phosphorylation occurs in vivo, effects on complex I activity are significant
additional information
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an assembled complex IV helps to maintain complex I in mammalian cells
additional information
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an assembled complex IV helps to maintain complex I in mammalian cells
additional information
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two variants of the mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFA10. A D/N substitution at position 120 resulting from a 353A/G transition in the coding gene is the biochemical difference between the two most abundant NDUFA10 isoforms
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