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Information on EC 1.3.1.21 - 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase and Organism(s) Rattus norvegicus and UniProt Accession Q9Z2Z8
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1.3.1.21 7-dehydrocholesterol reductaseIUBMB Comments
The enzyme is part of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway.
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Word Map
- 1.3.1.21
-
smith-lemli-opitz
- malformation
- cyp2r1
- anomaly
-
25-hydroxyvitamin
-
syndactyly
-
d-related
- desmosterol
- 8-dehydrocholesterol
- dhcr24
-
genitalia
- oxysterols
- holoprosencephaly
- rsh
- ecdysteroids
-
cholesterogenic
- medicine
- diagnostics
-
25-hydroxylase
- trazodone
- aripiprazole
- ebp
- hmgcs1
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Rattus norvegicus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
dhcr7, 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, neverland, daf-36, sterol delta7-reductase, 7-dhc reductase, 3beta-hydroxysterol delta7-reductase, 7-dehydrocholesterol delta7-reductase, 7-dhcr, 3beta-hydroxysterol-delta7-reductase, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
7-DHC reductase
-
-
-
-
Dhcr7
Dwarf5 protein
-
-
-
-
reductase, 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
-
-
-
Sterol delta-7-reductase
-
-
-
-
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
oxidation
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
-
-, -, -, -, -, -, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
cholesterol:NADP+ DELTA7-oxidoreductase
The enzyme is part of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9080-21-1
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
20S-hydroxy-7-dehydrocholesterol + NADPH + H+
20S-hdroxycholesterol + NADP+
-
-
-
?
27-hydroxydehydrocholesterol + NADPH + H+
27-hydroxycholesterol + NADP+
-
-
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
enzyme catalyzes the terminal step in cholesterol biosynthesis by reducing 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
-
?
7-dehydrositosterol + NADPH
sitosterol + NADP+
-
25% of that with 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3alpha-ol + NADPH
epicholesterol + NADP+
-
i.e. 7-dehydroepicholesterol, 25% activity of that with 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
cholesterol formation outside myelin sheath
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
cholesterol biosynthesis
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
cholesterol biosynthesis
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
cholesterol biosynthesis
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
reversibility of the reaction in vivo could not be proven
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
isotope effects
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
i.e. 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
i.e. 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
-
?
ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH
ergosta-5,22-diene-3beta-ol + NADP+
-
25% activity of that with 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
?
ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH
ergosta-5,22-diene-3beta-ol + NADP+
-
i.e. ergosterol
-
-
?
ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH
ergosta-5,22-diene-3beta-ol + NADP+
-
i.e. ergosterol
-
?
ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH
ergosta-5,22-diene-3beta-ol + NADP+
-
i.e. ergosterol
-
?
ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH
ergosta-5,22-diene-3beta-ol + NADP+
-
enzyme activity diet-inducible: 2.6fold by 0.5% ergosterol and 5fold by 5.0% cholestyramine and 0.1% lovastatin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no substrates: 8-dehydrocholesterol or 20S-hydroxylumisterol
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is essential for steroidogenesis, enzyme is not regulated by the luteinizing hormone LH
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is regulated through tissue-specific transcription and differential alternative splicing, enzyme is induced when sterols are depleted both in vivo and in vitro
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is regulated through tissue-specific transcription and differential alternative splicing, enzyme is induced when sterols are depleted both in vivo and in vitro
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
enzyme catalyzes the terminal step in cholesterol biosynthesis by reducing 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
cholesterol formation outside myelin sheath
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
cholesterol biosynthesis
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
cholesterol biosynthesis
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
cholesterol biosynthesis
-
?
cholesta-5,7-dien-3-beta-ol + NADPH
cholesterol + NADP+
-
reversibility of the reaction in vivo could not be proven
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is essential for steroidogenesis, enzyme is not regulated by the luteinizing hormone LH
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is regulated through tissue-specific transcription and differential alternative splicing, enzyme is induced when sterols are depleted both in vivo and in vitro
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is regulated through tissue-specific transcription and differential alternative splicing, enzyme is induced when sterols are depleted both in vivo and in vitro
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
20S-hydroxy-7-dehydrocholesterol
inhibits the conversion of ergosterol to brassicasterol similarly to 7-dehydrocholesterol
-
27-hydroxydehydrocholesterol
inhibits the conversion of ergosterol by 25%
-
7-dehydrocholesterol
0.03 mM, inhibits the conversion of ergosterol to brassicasterol by 93%
1-[p-(beta-Diethylaminoethoxy) phenyl]1-(p-tolyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethanol
-
i.e. MER-29 or triparanol
4-(2-[1-(n-chlorocinnamyl) piperazin-4-yl] ethyl) benzoic acid
-
i.e. BM 15.766 non-competitive
trans-1,4-Bis-(2-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)cyclohexane dihydrochloride
-
non-competitive
trans-1,4-Bis-(2-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)cyclohexane dihydrochloride
-
i.e. AY-9944, hypercholesterolaemic drug
additional information
not inhibitory: 7-dehydropregnenolone, 25(OH)7-dehydrocholesterol, L3 or vitamin D3
-
additional information
-
analysis of physiological effects of immunoneutralization of the enzyme in Leydig cells
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Lipid transfer protein
-
cytosolic, activity enhancement which is inhibited by addition of Tween 80, probably identical with sterol carrier protein
-
Sterol carrier protein
-
from cytosol, required for activity, probably identical with lipid transfer protein
additional information
enzyme is induced when sterols are depleted both in vivo and in vitro
-
additional information
enzyme is induced when sterols are depleted both in vivo and in vitro
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.000109
trans-1,4-Bis-(2-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)cyclohexane dihydrochloride
-
-
0.00016 - 0.00024
trans-1,4-Bis-(2-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)cyclohexane dihydrochloride
-
-
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.00108
-
solubilized by 1.5% 3-[3-(cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate, i.e. CHAPS, from microsomes
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
alternatively spliced variant 1, i.e. Dhcr7-AS-1; 5 isozymes of enzyme Dhcr7 through alternative splicing of gene Dhcr7
SwissProt
alternatively spliced variant 2, i.e. Dhcr7-AS-2; 5 isozymes of enzyme Dhcr7 through alternative splicing of gene Dhcr7
SwissProt
alternatively spliced variant 4, i.e. Dhcr7-AS-4; 5 isozymes of enzyme Dhcr7 through alternative splicing of gene Dhcr7
SwissProt
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
progenitor cells, immature cells, and adult cells, differentially expressed transcripts and enzyme expression levels during development and differentiation, overview
-
-
-
15-20% of total activiy in brain, lipid exchange between microsomes and myelin
additional information
additional information
developmental/age-related expression pattern of Dhcr7-AS-1
additional information
developmental/age-related expression pattern of Dhcr7-AS-1
additional information
developmental/age-related expression pattern of Dhcr7-AS-2
additional information
developmental/age-related expression pattern of Dhcr7-AS-2
additional information
splicing variants Dhcr7-AS-1-5 are differentially expressed in the tissues
additional information
splicing variants Dhcr7-AS-1-5 are differentially expressed in the tissues
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
-
cytosolic lipid transfer protein stimulates membrane bound enzyme activity
-
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). DHCR7_RAT
471
6
54155
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 5)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
analysis of differentially expressed transcripts of gene dhcr7 in progenitor Leydig cells and in immature Leydig cells, increased expression of the enzyme during differentiation process
-
DNA and amino acid sequence determination, gene structure and organization, gene dhcr7 maps to chromosome 8q2.1
-
gene Dhcr7, chromosome mapping to 8q2.1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis of the full-length gene and the splicing variants Dhcr7-AS-1-5, gene structure, physical map, 5 alternative splicing variants
gene Dhcr7, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, 1723 nucleotides, about 636 base pairs, gene structure, physical map, transcript half-life, alternative splicing variant 4
gene Dhcr7, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, gene structure, 1474 nucleotides, about 387 base pairs, physical map, transcript half-life, alternative splicing variant 1
gene Dhcr7, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, gene structure, 1595 nucleotides, about 508 base pairs, physical map, transcript half-life, alternative splicing variant 2
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
diagnostics
-
enzyme is a key marker of early Leydig cell steroidogenesis, using the technique of differential display RT-PCR
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Srikantaiah, M.V.; Assef, S.; Morin, R.J.
Effects of Tween 80 on liver microsomal 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
81
1087-1090
1978
Rattus norvegicus
Bjrkhem, I.; Holmberg, I.
Mechanism of enzymatic reduction of steroid double bonds
Eur. J. Biochem.
33
364-367
1973
Rattus norvegicus
Banik, N.L.; Davison, A.N.
Exchange of sterols between myelin and other membranes of developing rat brain
Biochem. J.
122
751-758
1971
Rattus norvegicus
Dempsey, M.E.; Seaton, J.D.; Schroepfer, G.J.; Trockman, R.W.
The intermediary role of DELTA5,7-cholestadien-3beta-ol in cholesterol biosynthesis
J. Biol. Chem.
239
1381-1387
1964
Rattus norvegicus
Niemiro, R.; Fumagalli, R.
Studies on the inhibitory mechanism of some hypocholesterolemic agents on 7-dehydrocholesterol DELTA-7-bond reductase activity
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
98
624-631
1965
Rattus norvegicus
Dempsey, M.E.
Pathways of enzymic synthesis and conversion to cholesterol of DELTA-5,7,24-cholestatrien-3beta-ol and other naturally occurring sterols
J. Biol. Chem.
240
4176-4188
1965
Rattus norvegicus
Trzaskos, J.M.; Gaylor, J.L.
Cytosolic modulators of activities of microsomal enzymes of cholesterol biosynthesis. Purification and characterization of a non-specific lipid-transfer protein
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
751
52-65
1983
Rattus norvegicus
Wilton, D.C.; Munday, K.A.; Skinner, S.J.M.; Akhtar, M.
The biological conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol into cholesterol and comments on the reduction of double bonds
Biochem. J.
106
803
1968
Rattus norvegicus
Lee, J.N.; Paik, Y.K.
Cholesterol biosynthesis from lanosterol: development of a novel assay method, characterization, and solubilization of rat hepatic microsomal sterol DELTA7-reductase
J. Biochem. Mol. Biol.
30
370-377
1997
Rattus norvegicus
-
Waterham, H.R.; Wanders, R.J.A.
Biochemical and genetic aspects of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase and Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1529
340-356
2000
Arabidopsis thaliana, Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
Shefer, S.; Salen, G.; Honda, A.; Batta, A.K.; Nguyen, L.B.; Tint, G.S.; Ioannou, Y.A.; Desnick, R.
Regulation of rat hepatic 3beta-hydroxysterol DELTA7-reductase: substrate specificity, competitive and non-competitive inhibition, and phosphorylation/dephosphorylation
J. Lipid Res.
39
2471-2476
1998
Rattus norvegicus
Honda, A.; Salen, G.; Shefer, S.; Batta, A.K.; Honda, M.; Xu, G.; Tint, G.S.; Matsuzaki, Y.; Shoda, J.; Tanaka, N.
Bile acid synthesis in the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: effects of dehydrocholesterols on cholesterol 7.alpha-hydroxylase and 27-hydroxylase activities in rat liver
J. Lipid Res.
40
1520-1528
1999
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
Lee, J.N.; Bae, S.H.; Paik, Y.K.
Structure and alternative splicing of the rat 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1576
148-156
2002
Mus musculus (O88455), Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus (Q9E2H5), Rattus norvegicus (Q9Z2Z8), Homo sapiens (Q9UBM7), Homo sapiens
Anbalagan, M.; Yashwanth, R.; Jagannadha Rao, A.
DD-RT-PCR identifies 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase as a key marker of early Leydig cell steroidogenesis
Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.
219
37-45
2004
Rattus norvegicus
Correa-Cerro, L.S.; Porter, F.D.
3beta-hydroxysterol DELTA7-reductase and the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome
Mol. Genet. Metab.
84
112-126
2005
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
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