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Information on EC 1.2.3.1 - aldehyde oxidase and Organism(s) Bos taurus and UniProt Accession P48034
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1.2.3.1 aldehyde oxidaseIUBMB Comments
Contains molybdenum, [2Fe-2S] centres and FAD. The enzyme from liver exhibits a broad substrate specificity, and is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics, including the oxidation of N-heterocycles and aldehydes and the reduction of N-oxides, nitrosamines, hydroxamic acids, azo dyes, nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and sulfoxides [4,6].
The enzyme is also responsible for the oxidation of retinal, an activity that was initially attributed to a distinct enzyme (EC 1.2.3.11, retinal oxidase) [5,7].
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Word Map
- 1.2.3.1
- xanthine
- molybdenum
- allopurinol
- oxidases
- menadione
- benzaldehyde
-
abscisic
- n-oxide
-
n-heterocyclic
- moco
- phthalazine
- raloxifene
-
molybdenum-containing
-
xanthinuria
- hydralazine
-
oxidase-mediated
-
drug-drug
-
molybdoenzymes
- sulphite
- o6-benzylguanine
- molybdopterin
-
flavin-containing
- disulfiram
- n1-methylnicotinamide
- oxypurinol
- nutrition
- medicine
-
hypouricemia
-
amidoxime
-
oxidase-catalyzed
- pharmacology
- synthesis
- degradation
- cyp2a6
-
nitroreduction
- imidacloprid
-
neonicotinoids
- phenanthridine
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Bos taurus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
aldehyde oxidase, aldehyde oxidase 1, retinal oxidase, formate oxidase, maox3, atraaox2, aldehyde oxidase 3, aldehyde oxidase 2, aldehyde:oxygen oxidoreductase, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
quinoline oxidase
-
-
-
-
Retinal oxidase
-
-
-
-
retinene oxidase
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
oxidation
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
aldehyde:oxygen oxidoreductase
Contains molybdenum, [2Fe-2S] centres and FAD. The enzyme from liver exhibits a broad substrate specificity, and is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics, including the oxidation of N-heterocycles and aldehydes and the reduction of N-oxides, nitrosamines, hydroxamic acids, azo dyes, nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and sulfoxides [4,6].
The enzyme is also responsible for the oxidation of retinal, an activity that was initially attributed to a distinct enzyme (EC 1.2.3.11, retinal oxidase) [5,7].
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9029-07-6
-
9033-52-7
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
benzaldehyde + H2O + O2
benzoic acid + H2O2
-
2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol also as electron acceptor
-
-
?
chloroacetaldehyde + H2O + O2
chloroacetic acid + H2O2
-
2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol as electron acceptor
-
-
?
crotonaldehyde + H2O + O2
crotonic acid + H2O2
-
2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol as electron acceptor
-
-
?
formaldehyde + H2O + O2
formic acid + H2O2
-
2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol as electron acceptor
-
-
?
furfural + H2O + O2
2-furoic acid + H2O2
-
2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol as electron acceptor
-
-
?
propionaldehyde + H2O + O2
propionic acid + H2O2
-
2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol as electron acceptor
-
-
?
acetaldehyde + H2O + O2
acetic acid + H2O2
-
2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol as electron acceptor
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme plays an important role in the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics, e.g. antiviral, antimalarial and antitumour compounds and nicotine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme plays an important role in the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics, e.g. antiviral, antimalarial and antitumour compounds and nicotine
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
enzyme plays an important role in the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics, e.g. antiviral, antimalarial and antitumour compounds and nicotine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme plays an important role in the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics, e.g. antiviral, antimalarial and antitumour compounds and nicotine
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
additional information
detectable amounts of enzyme also in eye, kidney, thymus, testis, duodenum, heart and esophagus
additional information
-
detectable amounts of enzyme also in eye, kidney, thymus, testis, duodenum, heart and esophagus
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). AOXA_BOVIN
1339
0
147611
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Calzi, M.L.; Raviolo, C.; Ghibaudi, E.; de Gioia, L.; Salmona, M.; Cazzaniga, G.; Kurosaki, M.; Terao, M.; Garattini, E.
Purification, cDNA cloning, and tissue distribution of bovine liver aldehyde oxidase
J. Biol. Chem.
270
31037-31045
1995
Bos taurus (P48034), Bos taurus
Cabre, F.; Canela, E.I.
Purification and properties of bovine liver aldehyde oxidase: comparison with xanthine oxidase
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
15
882-883
1987
Bos taurus
-
Takahashi, N.; Sasaki, R.; Chiba, H.
Enzymatic improvement of food flavor IV. Oxidation of aldehydes in soybean extracts by aldehyde oxidase
Agric. Biol. Chem.
43
2557-2561
1979
Bos taurus
-
Garattini, E.; Fratelli, M.; Terao, M.
Mammalian aldehyde oxidases: genetics, evolution and biochemistry
Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
65
1019-1048
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q7G191), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q7G192), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q7G193), Bos taurus (P48034), Caenorhabditis elegans (O61198), Caenorhabditis elegans (Q960A1), Canis lupus familiaris (Q2QB47), Canis lupus familiaris (Q2QB48), Danio rerio, Drosophila melanogaster, Drosophila melanogaster (Q9VF53), Equus caballus, Gallus gallus (Q2QB49), Gallus gallus (Q2QB50), Homo sapiens, Macaca fascicularis (Q5FB27), Macaca mulatta, Mamestra brassicae (Q4VGM3), Monodelphis domestica, Mus musculus, Mus musculus (O54754), Mus musculus (Q5SGK3), Mus musculus (Q6V956), Mus musculus (Q8VJ15), no activity in Aspergillus nidulans, Oryctolagus cuniculus (P80456), Pan troglodytes, Pongo pygmaeus, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus (Q5QE78), Rattus norvegicus (Q5QE79), Rattus norvegicus (Q5QE80), Rattus norvegicus (Q9Z0U5), Solanum lycopersicum (Q9FV23), Solanum lycopersicum (Q9FV24), Solanum lycopersicum (Q9FV25), Takifugu rubripes, Tetraodon nigroviridis, Xenopus laevis (Q6GMC5), Zea mays (O23887), Zea mays (O23888)
Graessler, J.; Fischer, S.
The dual substrate specificity of aldehyde oxidase 1 for retinal and acetaldehyde and its role in ABCA1 mediated efflux
Horm. Metab. Res.
39
775-776
2007
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus, Bos taurus (P48034), Oryctolagus cuniculus (P80456), Gallus gallus (Q2QB50)
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