This enzyme is responsible for the de novo conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphates into deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates, which are essential for DNA synthesis and repair. There are three types of this enzyme differing in their cofactors. Class Ia enzymes contain a diiron(III)-tyrosyl radical, class Ib enzymes contain a dimanganese-tyrosyl radical, and class II enzymes contain adenosylcobalamin. In all cases the cofactors are involved in generation of a transient thiyl (sulfanyl) radical on a cysteine residue, which attacks the substrate, forming a ribonucleotide 3'-radical, followed by water loss to form a ketyl (alpha-oxoalkyl) radical. The ketyl radical is reduced to 3'-keto-deoxynucleotide concomitant with formation of a disulfide anion radical between two cysteine residues. A proton-coupled electron-transfer from the disulfide radical to the substrate generates a 3'-deoxynucleotide radical, and the final product is formed when the hydrogen atom that was initially removed from the 3'-position of the nucleotide by the thiyl radical is returned to the same position. The disulfide bridge is reduced by the action of thioredoxin. cf. EC 1.1.98.6, ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (formate) and EC 1.17.4.2, ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (thioredoxin).
ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase, cdp reductase, class i rnr, class i ribonucleotide reductase, class ia rnr, ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase, class ia ribonucleotide reductase, adp reductase, p53-inducible ribonucleotide reductase, class ic ribonucleotide reductase, more
This enzyme is responsible for the de novo conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphates into deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates, which are essential for DNA synthesis and repair. There are three types of this enzyme differing in their cofactors. Class Ia enzymes contain a diiron(III)-tyrosyl radical, class Ib enzymes contain a dimanganese-tyrosyl radical, and class II enzymes contain adenosylcobalamin. In all cases the cofactors are involved in generation of a transient thiyl (sulfanyl) radical on a cysteine residue, which attacks the substrate, forming a ribonucleotide 3'-radical, followed by water loss to form a ketyl (alpha-oxoalkyl) radical. The ketyl radical is reduced to 3'-keto-deoxynucleotide concomitant with formation of a disulfide anion radical between two cysteine residues. A proton-coupled electron-transfer from the disulfide radical to the substrate generates a 3'-deoxynucleotide radical, and the final product is formed when the hydrogen atom that was initially removed from the 3'-position of the nucleotide by the thiyl radical is returned to the same position. The disulfide bridge is reduced by the action of thioredoxin. cf. EC 1.1.98.6, ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (formate) and EC 1.17.4.2, ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (thioredoxin).
RNR is an essential enzyme that provides dNTPs for DNA replication and repair, TSO2 and E2Fa are likely required for the DNA damage response. Individual RNR2-like catalytic subunit genes participate in unique aspects of the cellular response to DNA damage in Arabidopsis thaliana
RNR is an essential enzyme that provides dNTPs for DNA replication and repair, AtRNR2A induction is likely required for the replicative stress checkpoint. Individual RNR2-like catalytic subunit genes participate in unique aspects of the cellular response to DNA damage in Arabidopsis thaliana
RNR is an essential enzyme that provides dNTPs for DNA replication and repair. Individual RNR2-like catalytic subunit genes participate in unique aspects of the cellular response to DNA damage in Arabidopsis thaliana
atTSO2 transcription is only activated in response to double-strand breaks dependent upon AtE2Fa. ATso2 mutant is hypersensitive to bleomycin, transgenic plant phenotypes, overview
atTSO2 transcription is only activated in response to double-strand breaks dependent upon AtE2Fa. ATso2 mutant is hypersensitive to bleomycin, transgenic plant phenotypes, overview
atTSO2 transcription is only activated in response to double-strand breaks dependent upon AtE2Fa. ATso2 mutant is hypersensitive to bleomycin, transgenic plant phenotypes, overview
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression analysis of the AtRNR2-like catalytic subunit gene TSO2, phylogenetic analysis. Transcriptional changes of 17-days-old Arabidopsis plants, enriched in S-phase cells over younger seedlings, in response to the replication-blocking agent hydroxyurea and to the DNA double-strand break inducer bleomycin
expression analysis of AtRNR2-like catalytic subunit gene AtRNR2A, phylogenetic analysis. Transcriptional changes of 17-days-old Arabidopsis plants, enriched in S-phase cells over younger seedlings, in response to the replication-blocking agent hydroxyurea and to the DNA double-strand break inducer bleomycin
expression analysis of AtRNR2-like catalytic subunit gene AtRNR2B, phylogenetic analysis. Transcriptional changes of 17-days-old Arabidopsis plants, enriched in S-phase cells over younger seedlings, in response to the replication-blocking agent hydroxyurea and to the DNA double-strand break inducer bleomycin