Information on EC 1.14.99.42 - zeaxanthin 7,8-dioxygenase

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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Crocus sativus

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EC NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
1.14.99.42
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
zeaxanthin 7,8-dioxygenase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
beta-citraurin + O2 = crocetin dialdehyde + (3S)-3-hydroxycyclocitral
show the reaction diagram
(1b)
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zeaxanthin + 2 O2 = crocetin dialdehyde + 2 (3S)-3-hydroxycyclocitral
show the reaction diagram
overall reaction
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
carotenoid cleavage
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
zeaxanthin:oxygen oxidoreductase (7,8-cleaving)
The enzyme, characterized from the plant Crocus sativus, acts twice on zeaxanthin, cleaving 3-hydroxycyclocitral off each 3-hydroxy end group. It is part of the zeaxanthin degradation pathway in that organism, leading to the different compounds that impart the color, flavor and aroma of the saffron spice.
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
metabolism
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ZCD initiates the biogenesis of crocetin glycosides, picrocrocin, and safranal
physiological function
the enzyme initiates the biogenesis of apocarotenoids by cleaving zeaxanthin, zeaxanthin is the precursor for biosynthesis of apocarotenoids, i.e. crocin, safranal and picrocrocin
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
zeaxanthin + O2
crocetin dialdehyde + (3S)-3-hydroxycyclocitral
show the reaction diagram
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-
?
zeaxanthin + O2
crocetin dialdehyde + 3-hydroxy-beta-cyclocitral
show the reaction diagram
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?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
zeaxanthin + O2
crocetin dialdehyde + (3S)-3-hydroxycyclocitral
show the reaction diagram
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-
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?
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
maximum apocarotenoid accumulation and highest levels of CsZCD gene expression occur during fully developed scarlet stage of stigma development, quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis, overview
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
CsZCD expression is restricted to the style branch tissues
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
40000
SDS-PAGE
41000
calculated from amino acid sequence
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CsZCD cDNA in frame with a polyhistidine affinity tag of the pBAD/TOPO ThioFusion vector is expressed in Escherichia coli JM109 cells
expressed in transgenic Micro-Tom tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
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gene CsZCD, quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CsZCD expression is enhanced under dehydration stress
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.14.99.42)
ExplorEnz
ExPASy
KEGG
MetaCyc
SABIO-RK
NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature
PROSITE Database of protein families and domains
SYSTERS
Protein Mutant Database
InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)