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Information on EC 1.14.99.38 - cholesterol 25-monooxygenase and Organism(s) Rattus norvegicus and UniProt Accession Q4QQV7

for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.14.99.38
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IUBMB Comments
Unlike most other sterol hydroxylases, this enzyme is not a cytochrome P-450. Instead, it uses diiron cofactors to catalyse the hydroxylation of hydrophobic substrates . The diiron cofactor can be either Fe-O-Fe or Fe-OH-Fe and is bound to the enzyme through interactions with clustered histidine or glutamate residues [4,5]. In cell cultures, this enzyme down-regulates cholesterol synthesis and the processing of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). cf. EC 1.17.99.10, cholesterol C-25 hydroxylase.
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This record set is specific for:
Rattus norvegicus
UNIPROT: Q4QQV7
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Rattus norvegicus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
cyp3a11, ch25h, cholesterol-25-hydroxylase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
cholesterol 25-monooxygenase
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
cholesterol,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (25-hydroxylating)
Unlike most other sterol hydroxylases, this enzyme is not a cytochrome P-450. Instead, it uses diiron cofactors to catalyse the hydroxylation of hydrophobic substrates [1]. The diiron cofactor can be either Fe-O-Fe or Fe-OH-Fe and is bound to the enzyme through interactions with clustered histidine or glutamate residues [4,5]. In cell cultures, this enzyme down-regulates cholesterol synthesis and the processing of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). cf. EC 1.17.99.10, cholesterol C-25 hydroxylase.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
60202-07-5
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
cholesterol + AH2 + O2
25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
show the reaction diagram
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-
-
?
cholesterol + AH2 + O2
25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
-
25-hydroxycholesterol is a secondary autoxidation product derived from 3beta-hydroxy-cholest-5-ene-25-hydroperoxide, a hydroperoxide identified in air-aged cholesterol. Thermal decomposition of 3beta-hydroxy-cholest-5-ene-25-hydroperoxide gives rise to 25-hydroxycholesterol
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-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
cholesterol + AH2 + O2
25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
cholesterol + AH2 + O2
25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
-
25-hydroxycholesterol is a secondary autoxidation product derived from 3beta-hydroxy-cholest-5-ene-25-hydroperoxide, a hydroperoxide identified in air-aged cholesterol. Thermal decomposition of 3beta-hydroxy-cholest-5-ene-25-hydroperoxide gives rise to 25-hydroxycholesterol
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-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Fe2+
the enzyme contains a di-iron cofactor
pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
7.07
sequence calculation
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
UniProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
transmembrane enzyme, prediction of transmembrane structures for CH25H subunits, overview
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
cholesterol 25-hydroxylase plays an essential role in cholesterol metabolism in the body by catalysing the formation of 25-hydroxycholesterol from cholesterol which acts to repress cholesterol biosynthesis
physiological function
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formation of 25-hydroxycholesterol in liver mitochondria is dependent on CYP27A1, and the 25-hydroxycholesterol formed is subsequently sulfated by the insulin-regulated cytosolic sulfotransferase 2B1b. 25-Hydroxycholesterol decreases the level of cytoplasmic IkBa and increases the nuclear NFkB level, its sulfated form has the opposite effects
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
CH25H_RAT
298
3
34414
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
34414
x * 34414, sequence calculation
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
?
x * 34414, sequence calculation
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
intronless gene CH25H is located on chromosome 1, DNA and amino acid sequence deterination and analysis, sequence comparisons, gene structures and tandem locations for the human CH25H and LIPA, EC 3.1.1.13, genes on chromosome 10
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Lukyanenko, Y.O.; Chen, J.J.; Hutson, J.C.
Production of 25-hydroxycholesterol by testicular macrophages and its effects on Leydig cells
Biol. Reprod.
64
790-796
2001
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chen, J.J.; Lukyanenko, Y.; Hutson, J.C.
25-hydroxycholesterol is produced by testicular macrophages during the early postnatal period and influences differentiation of Leydig cells in vitro
Biol. Reprod.
66
1336-1341
2002
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lukyanenko, Y.; Chen, J.J.; Hutson, J.C.
Testosterone regulates 25-hydroxycholesterol production in testicular macrophages
Biol. Reprod.
67
1435-1438
2002
Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Holmes, R.S.; Vandeberg, J.L.; Cox, L.A.
Genomics and proteomics of vertebrate cholesterol ester lipase (LIPA) and cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H)
3 Biotech
1
99-109
2011
Bos taurus (Q0P599), Canis lupus familiaris, Equus caballus (F6T000), Gallus gallus, Homo sapiens (O95992), Homo sapiens, Macaca mulatta (F7EC50), Mus musculus (Q9Z0F5), Rattus norvegicus (Q4QQV7), Xenopus tropicalis
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Diczfalusy, U.
On the formation and possible biological role of 25-hydroxycholesterol
Biochimie
95
455-460
2013
Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa, Homo sapiens (Q02318), Mus musculus (Q64459)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team