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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 1.14.19.32 - palmitoyl-CoA 14-(E/Z)-desaturase
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The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
1.14.19.32
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
palmitoyl-CoA 14-(E/Z)-desaturase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = (14E)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = (14Z)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = (14E)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
(1)
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-
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palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = (14E)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
(2)
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palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = (14Z)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
(2)
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palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = (14Z)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
(1)
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
palmitoyl-CoA,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (14,15 cis/trans-dehydrogenating)
The enzyme, found in the moth Ostrinia furnacalis (Asian corn borer), produces a mixture of (E)- and (Z)- isomers. The products are subsequently truncated by partial beta-oxidation to a blend of 12(E/Z)-tetradec-12-enoyl-CoA, which are converted to the species-specific sex pheromones (E)- and (Z)-tetradec-12-enoyl acetates.
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
evolution
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origin and evolution of the DELTA14 desaturase, phylogenetic analysis and tree, detailed overview
metabolism
physiological function
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the enzyme is involved in the synthesis of pheromone compound (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate from pheromone precursor palmitoyl-CoA
metabolism
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the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of (Z)-12- and (E)-12-tetradecenyl acetates
metabolism
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the enzyme is involved in the sex pheromone biosynthetic pathway. Two pathways exist, both initiate from C16:acyl-CoA, with one involving DELTA14 and DELTA9 desaturation to generate Z9,E12-14:acyl, and the other involving the chain shortening of C16:acyl-CoA to C14:acyl-CoA, followed by DELTA12 and DELTA9 desaturation to generate Z9,E12-14:acyl-CoA. Then, a final reduction and acetylation generates Z9,E12-14:OAc, overview. Desaturases introduce a double bond into the fatty acyl carbon chain, with strict regio- and stereo-selectivity
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
(14E)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
(14Z)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
the enzyme expressed in a baculovirus insect cell system produces a mixture of E and Z isomers
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-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
(14E)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
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DELTA14 and DELTA9 desaturation to generate Z9,E12-14:acyl
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
(14E)-hexadec-14-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
the enzyme expressed in a baculovirus insect cell system produces a mixture of E and Z isomers
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-
?
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
sequence comparions, phylogenetic analysis
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.14.19.32)
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