HOME
login
history
all enzymes
BRENDA home
History
Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 1.14.19.17 - sphingolipid 4-desaturase
Word Map on EC 1.14.19.17
- 1.14.19.17
-
sphingolipids
-
german
-
english
-
full-text
-
springerlink
-
desaturation
-
socioeconomic
- fenretinide
Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
Specify your search results
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
topPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
1.14.19.17
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
sphingolipid 4-desaturase
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a dihydroceramide + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a (4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
dihydroceramide,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (4,5-dehydrogenating)
The enzyme, which has been characterized from plants, fungi, and mammals, generates a trans double bond at position 4 of sphinganine bases in sphingolipids [1]. The preferred substrate is dihydroceramide, but the enzyme is also active with dihydroglucosylceramide [2]. Unlike EC 1.14.19.29, sphingolipid 8-desaturase, this enzyme does not contain an integral cytochrome b5 domain [4] and requires an external cytochrome b5 [3]. The product serves as an important signalling molecules in mammals and is required for spermatide differentiation [5].
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
-
DELTA4-desaturation is essential for conversion of the ceramide pool with dihydroxy long-chain sphingoid base and C16/C18 fatty acids into glyosylceramide
physiological function
physiological function
the enzyme has no effect on cell viability
physiological function
DELTA4-desaturated sphingolipids provide an early signal necessary to trigger the entry into both meiotic and spermatid differentiation pathways during spermatogenesis
physiological function
DELTA4-desaturated sphingolipids provide an early signal necessary to trigger the entry into both meiotic and spermatid differentiation pathways during spermatogenesis
physiological function
DELTA4-desaturated sphingolipids provide an early signal necessary to trigger the entry into both meiotic and spermatid differentiation pathways during spermatogenesis
physiological function
DELTA4-desaturated sphingolipids provide an early signal necessary to trigger the entry into both meiotic and spermatid differentiation pathways during spermatogenesis
physiological function
DELTA4-desaturated sphingolipids provide an early signal necessary to trigger the entry into both meiotic and spermatid differentiation pathways during spermatogenesis
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2,4-dinitrophenyl-sphinganine + reduced acceptor + O2 + H+
2,4-dinitorphenyl-sphingosine + acceptor + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
dihydroceramide + reduced acceptor + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + acceptor + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dihydrosphingomyelin + NADH + O2 + H+
?
-
20% activity compared to N-octanoyl-D-erythro-C18-sphinganine
-
-
?
N-octanoyl-D-erythro-C18-sphinganine + NADH + O2 + H+
N-octanoyl-D-erythro-C18-sphingosine + NAD+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
N-octanoyl-D-erythro-C18-sphinganine + NADPH + O2 + H+
N-octanoyl-D-erythro-C18-sphingosine + NADP+ + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Q564H3
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity detected with dihydroglucosylceramide
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
the enzyme does not recognise fatty acids and trihydroxylated sphingoid long-chain bases as substrate
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme does not recognise fatty acids and trihydroxylated sphingoid long-chain bases as substrate
-
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
dihydroceramide + reduced acceptor + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + acceptor + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
G5EC63
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Q5AJX2
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Q94515
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
O15121
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
O09005
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Q564G3
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Q564H3
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Q5XIF5
-
-
-
?
dihydroceramide + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(4E)-sphing-4-enine ceramide + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
O59715
-
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
-
not affected by Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, K+, and Na+
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
alpha-cyclodextrin
Q564H3
18% residual activity at a substrate/cyclodextrin molar ratio of 0.5
beta-cyclodextrin
Q564H3
20% residual activity at a substrate/cyclodextrin molar ratio of 0.5
N-octyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propane sulfonate
Q564H3
18% residual activity at 330 mM
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
myristic acid
the activity of wild-type isoform DES1 is linearly increased in the presence of increased concentrations of myristic acid. The dihydroceramide DELTA4-desaturase activity of the myristoylable enzyme is reproducibly and significantly higher than the unmyristoylated enzyme
myristic acid
-
myristic acid significantly increases DES1 activity in the mitochondria of cultured rat hepatocytes
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.12
NADH
-
with N-octanoyl-D-erythro-C18-sphinganine as cosubstrate, at pH 7.4 and 37°C
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
27 - 47
-
the half-maximal enzymatic activities are at 27°C and 47°C. Above 60°C, no activity is detected
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
N-myristoylation targets dihydroceramide DELTA4-desaturase 1 to mitochondria
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-4°C, phosphate buffer (100 mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4, pH 7.4), 7 days, approximately 50% of the activity is lost
-
-80°C, phosphate buffer (100 mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4, pH 7.4), 1 year, approximately 50% of the activity is lost
-
37°C, phosphate buffer (100 mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4, pH 7.4), 3 h, approximately 50% of the activity is lost
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain sur2DELTA
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.14.19.17)
html completed
Information
