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Information on EC 1.1.1.219 - dihydroflavonol 4-reductase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession P51102

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
This plant enzyme, involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins, is known to act on (+)-dihydrokaempferol, (+)-taxifolin, and (+)-dihydromyricetin, although some enzymes may act only on a subset of these compounds. Each dihydroflavonol is reduced to the corresponding cis-flavan-3,4-diol. NAD+ can act instead of NADP+, but more slowly.
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This record set is specific for:
Arabidopsis thaliana
UNIPROT: P51102
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase, dihydroflavonol reductase, dihydroflavonol-4-reductase, csdfr, tadfr, mcdfr, bo9g058630, pgdfr, ibdfr, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dihydroflavonol 4-reductase
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DFR
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DHM reductase
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DHQ reductase
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dihydroflavanol 4-reductase
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dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase
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dihydromyricetin reductase
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dihydroquercetin reductase
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NADPH-dihydromyricetin reductase
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reductase, dihydromyricetin
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reductase, dihydroquercetin
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TRANSPARENT TESTA 3 protein
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
redox reaction
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oxidation
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reduction
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin:NADP+ 4-oxidoreductase
This plant enzyme, involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins, is known to act on (+)-dihydrokaempferol, (+)-taxifolin, and (+)-dihydromyricetin, although some enzymes may act only on a subset of these compounds. Each dihydroflavonol is reduced to the corresponding cis-flavan-3,4-diol. NAD+ can act instead of NADP+, but more slowly.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
83682-99-9
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98668-58-7
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
show the reaction diagram
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?
dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
leucodelphinidin + NADP+
show the reaction diagram
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?
dihydroquercetin + NADPH + H+
leucocyanidin + NADP+
show the reaction diagram
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?
additional information
?
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does not catalyze naringenin
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?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
0.00002
with dihydrokaempferol as substrate
0.0006
with eriodictyol as substrate
0.001
with dihydromyricetin as substrate
0.0013
with dihydroquercitin as substrate
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
DFR plays a key role in determining intensity and pigment coloration because its specificity and activities dictate the type and amount of the colorless leucoanthocyanidins
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
DFRA_ARATH
382
0
42775
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 5)
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
into pTrcHis2-TOPO and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli TOP10F' strain. DFR cDNA cloned into pRSF-FHT and inserted into Escherichia coli BL21Star to create E-color strain
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Leonard, E.; Yan, Y.; Chemler, J.; Matern, U.; Martens, S.; Koffas, M.
Characterization of dihydroflavonol 4-reductases for recombinant plant pigment biosynthesis applications
Biocatal. Biotransform.
26
243-251
2008
Fragaria x ananassa (O22617), Ipomoea nil (O24607), Arabidopsis thaliana (P51102), Rosa hybrid cultivar (Q41158), Lilium sp. (Q6UAQ7), Anthurium andraeanum (Q84L22)
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team