4.3.1.24: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 4.3.1.24
-
4.3.1.24
-
phenol
-
phenylpropanoids
-
polyphenols
-
flavonoid
-
seedling
-
chalcone
-
elicitors
-
lignin
-
cinnamic
-
cultivar
-
4.3.1.5
-
anthocyanins
-
jasmonate
-
chitinase
-
postharvest
-
4-hydroxylase
-
trans-cinnamic
-
defense-related
-
p-coumaric
-
phytoalexins
-
pathogenesis-related
-
lignification
-
chlorogenic
-
phytophthora
-
petroselinum
-
parsley
-
4-coumarate
-
phenylketonuria
-
crispum
-
fresh-cut
-
elicitor-induced
-
wall-bound
-
dihydroflavonol
-
elicitor-treated
-
4-coumarate:coa
-
polyphenoloxidase
-
glutinis
-
4-reductase
-
rhodotorula
-
rhodosporidium
-
synthesis
-
3-o-glucosyltransferase
-
d-phenylalanine
-
pharmacology
-
dehydroalanine
-
medicine
-
hydroxycinnamoyl
-
monolignols
-
analysis
-
food industry
-
drug development
-
agriculture
-
syringyl
-
biotechnology
-
lindemuthianum
-
glycinea
-
matricaria
-
cinnamoyl-coa
-
nutrition
- 4.3.1.24
- phenol
-
phenylpropanoids
- polyphenols
- flavonoid
- seedling
- chalcone
- elicitors
- lignin
-
cinnamic
- cultivar
-
4.3.1.5
- anthocyanins
- jasmonate
- chitinase
-
postharvest
-
4-hydroxylase
-
trans-cinnamic
-
defense-related
-
p-coumaric
-
phytoalexins
-
pathogenesis-related
-
lignification
-
chlorogenic
- phytophthora
- petroselinum
- parsley
- 4-coumarate
- phenylketonuria
- crispum
-
fresh-cut
-
elicitor-induced
-
wall-bound
- dihydroflavonol
-
elicitor-treated
-
4-coumarate:coa
- polyphenoloxidase
- glutinis
-
4-reductase
- rhodotorula
- rhodosporidium
- synthesis
- 3-o-glucosyltransferase
- d-phenylalanine
- pharmacology
- dehydroalanine
- medicine
-
hydroxycinnamoyl
- monolignols
- analysis
- food industry
- drug development
- agriculture
-
syringyl
- biotechnology
- lindemuthianum
- glycinea
-
matricaria
- cinnamoyl-coa
- nutrition
Reaction
Synonyms
AtPAL 1, AtPAL 2, AtPAL 3, AtPAL 4, AtPAL-1, AtPAL-2, AtPAL-3, AtPAL-4, AtPAL2, AvPAL, DcPAL1, EC 4.3.1.5, EncP, L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, L-phenylalanine-ammonia lyase, LrPAL3, LsPAL1, More, PAL, PAL-CLEA, PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL3a, PAL3b, PAL4, PAL5, PAL6, PALrs1, PcPAL1, Phe ammonia-lyase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 2, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 3, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 4, RgPAL, RxPAL, Sb04g026520, SsPAL1, TcPAL, ZmPAL2
ECTree
Advanced search results
Natural Substrates Products
Natural Substrates Products on EC 4.3.1.24 - phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
REACTION DIAGRAM
L-Phe
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first step controlling the rate of phenylpropanoid metabolism, wound-inducible enzyme
-
-
?
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
the enzyme catalyzes the first step in the biosynthetic pathway leading to calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, overview. Accumulation of mRNA for calycosin-7-O-beta-Dglucoside pathway genes during different temperature treatments
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
first step in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, overview
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
a key enzyme in the synthesis of phenolic compounds, including phytoalexins, with anti-microbial antimicrobial properties that are important in the defence of plants
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
-
the enzyme is part of the plant's defense system, especially in the early stages of seed maturation
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
-
the enzyme is involved in the plant's defense system
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
-
first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway
-
r
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
-
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
regulatory mechanism on PAL gene expression, overview
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
in ephedrine alkaloid biosynthesis in Ephedra, trans-cinnamic acid produced from a PAL reaction is converted into benzoic acid or benzoyl-CoA by beta-oxidation, branching off from the common phenylpropanoid pathway, biosynthetic pathway of ephedrine alkaloids, overview
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
first step in flavonoid biosynthesis, the enzyme might have a regulatory role in flavonoid biosynthesis at transcriptional level
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of salidroside, an effective adaptogenic drug extracted from the medicinal plant Rhodiola sachalinensis, two different possible biosynthetic pathways via tyrosol, overview
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
phenylalanine ammonia-lyase is an important enzyme in both plant development and pathogen defense
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
PAL is a key enzyme in plant stress responses
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
-
phenylalanine ammonia-lyase is the first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway catalyzing monooxidative deamination of phenylalanine to produce cinnamate, overview
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
(E)-cinnamate + NH3
key enzyme in phenylpropanoid metabolism of grape berry
-
-
?
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
the enzyme is involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
Coleus scutellarioides
the enzyme is involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway and plays important roles in the secondary metabolisms, development and defense of plants
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
enzyme of the plant phenylpropanoid pathway
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of galanthamine
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
Streptomyces verticillatus
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
key gateway enzyme linking the phenylpropanoid secondary pathway to primary metabolism
-
-
r
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
MG745168
enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
MG745168
enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
Zingiber officinale Rosc.
rate-limiting enzyme of phenolic biosynthetic pathway
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
rate-limiting enzyme of phenolic biosynthetic pathway
-
-
?
L-phenylalanine
trans-cinnamate + NH3
Zingiber zerumbet L. Smith
-
rate-limiting enzyme of phenolic biosynthetic pathway
-
-
?
?
-
-
key enzyme in the formation of a variety of phenolic compounds
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purification-mass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purification-mass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purification-mass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purification-mass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purification-mass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purificationĀmass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purificationĀmass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purificationĀmass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purificationĀmass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Kelch repeat F-box (KFB) proteins KFB01, KFB20, and KFB50 physically interact with four PAL isozymes (PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, PAL4) as shown in a yeast-two-hybrid system and tandem affinity protein purificationĀmass spectrometry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
phenylalanine ammonia lyase PAL1 functions as a switch directly controlling the accumulation of calycosin and calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside in Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus plants by limiting the compound levels in a light-dependent manner during low temperature treatment, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
phenylalanine ammonia lyase PAL1 functions as a switch directly controlling the accumulation of calycosin and calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside in Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus plants by limiting the compound levels in a light-dependent manner during low temperature treatment, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme may be involved in detoxification of Cd2+
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
first enzyme in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
first enzyme in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the core reactions of phenylpropanoid metabolism involve three enzymes, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, and 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase, pathway, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the core reactions of phenylpropanoid metabolism involve three enzymes, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, and 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase, pathway, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
UV-B light induces a single PAL isoform, which plays an important role in the regulation of the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid metabolites
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the 83000 Da enzyme form may be constitutive and involved in the low-level accumulation of phenolics in most cell types, the 77000 Da enzyme form is rapidly induced during elicitor action, wounding or cytokinin-induced xylogenesis as a key regulatory enzyme involved in the synthesis of phenolics under stress conditions or during differentiation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in the lignification of pine suspension cultures in response to an elicitor prepared from an extomycorrhizal fungus
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
3 isoforms, which are differentially induced and affected by metabolites belonging to particular branches of phenylpropanoid pathway
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
PAL activity seems to be extraordinarily sensitive to the physiological state of the plant
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PAL activity seems to be extraordinarily sensitive to the physiological state of the plant
-
-
?