4.2.3.119: (-)-alpha-pinene synthase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about (-)-alpha-pinene synthase, go to the full flat file.
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Synonyms
(-)-alpha-pinene cyclase, (-)-alpha-pinene/(-)-camphene synthase, (-)-limonene/(-)-alpha-pinene synthase, (-)-pinene cyclase, (-)-pinene synthase, ag6, ag9, alpha pinene sythase, alpha-pinene sythase, AvPS, AvTPS1, camphene synthase, cyclase II, EC 4.1.99.8, EC 4.2.3.14, LPS, mono-tps, More, pinene synthase, pinene-synthase, PlPIN, PT1, QH6, TPS-(-)apin1, TPS-(-)bpin2, TPS1, TPS2, TPS3
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General Information
General Information on EC 4.2.3.119 - (-)-alpha-pinene synthase
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evolution
malfunction
physiological function
additional information
the enzyme belongs to the TPS enzyme superfamily, clade TPS-b, where it is clustered with monoterpene synthases
mutation Q456L in the alpha-domain (catalytic domain) causes a reduction in pigmentation (PSmut)
malfunction
replacement of residue Q457 with three other amino acids I, K, and V, elevates the activity of the enzyme, while Q457P shows reduced activity
in isoform TPS3-silenced plants, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene and beta-phellandrene contents decrease by more than 80%, whereas beta-myrcene is unchanged
physiological function
AvPS (AvTPS1) is not responsible for pinene biosynthesis in the seeds of Amomum villosum, no expression of this gene is detected in the seeds, and the expression of AvPS is not in accordance with the accumulation pattern of pinene in the leaves. But alpha-pinene is widely distributed throughout almost the whole plant, i.e. roots, creeping stems, leaves, pericarp, and seeds. beta-Pinene is found in all the tissues, except seeds. Pinene is a naturally occurring constituent of the essential oils in many plant species that has a relevant role in insect repellency and allelopathy (inhibiting root growth of the tested weed species). Gene AvPS is highly expressed in pericarp, the exterior tissue protecting the fruits against biotic stress, AvPS might be the gene involved in biotic defense in Amonum villosum
physiological function
the terpene synthase PlPIN from Paeonia lactiflora catalyzes the conversion of geranyl pyrophosphate to alpha-pinene and is involved in the biosynthesis of paeoniflorin
integrative volatile terpenoid profiling and transcriptomics analysis for mining the corresponding genes involved in volatile terpenoid biosynthesis, overview
additional information
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integrative volatile terpenoid profiling and transcriptomics analysis for mining the corresponding genes involved in volatile terpenoid biosynthesis, overview
additional information
Q457 is located on helix F, which supports a part of the catalytic core and is proximate to the highly conserved residues Y455 and E458
additional information
Q457 is located on helix F, which supports a part of the catalytic core and is proximate to the highly conserved residues Y455 and E458. Residue Q457 is important for catalytic activity