4.1.3.17: 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate aldolase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate aldolase, go to the full flat file.
Reaction
Synonyms
4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-ketoglutarate aldolase, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate aldolase, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate/4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate aldolase, aldolase, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate, gamma-methyl-gamma-hydroxy-alpha-ketoglutaric aldolase, HMG aldolase, HMG/CHA aldolase, KDPG aldolase, MHK aldolase, MHKG aldolase, pyruvate aldolase
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Natural Substrates Products
Natural Substrates Products on EC 4.1.3.17 - 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate aldolase
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REACTION DIAGRAM
4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate
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involved in biosynthesis of gamma-substituted glutamic acid, participates in the alpha-keto acid pathway for degradation of the meta-fission product of protocatechuate, in Pseudomonas ochraceae grown on phthalate the physiolological substrate is not hydroxymethyl glutamic acid but CHA, L-4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate, which is cleaved to pyruvate and oxaloacetate
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pyruvate + oxaloacetate
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l-4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate
pyruvate + oxaloacetate
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the enzyme is a class II, divalent metal ion-dependent, pyruvate aldolase that catalyzes the aldol cleavage of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate and 4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate into two molecules of pyruvate in the former and a molecule of each pyruvate and oxaloacetate in the latter, cf. 4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate aldolase, EC 4.1.3. The enzyme also contains a secondary oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity due to the common pyruvate enolate transition state formed following C-C bond cleavage in the retroaldol and decarboxylase reactions
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additional information
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inducible by aromatic carboxylates such as phthalate
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